1916 in Canada

Years in Canada:	1913 1914 1915 1916 1917 1918 1919
Centuries:	19th century · 20th century · 21st century
Decades:	1880s 1890s 1900s 1910s 1920s 1930s 1940s
Years:	1913 1914 1915 1916 1917 1918 1919

Events from the year 1916 in Canada.

Incumbents

Crown

• Monarch – George V

Federal government

• Governor general – Duke of Connaught and Strathearn (until November 11) then Victor Cavendish
• Prime minister – Robert Borden
• Chief Justice – Charles Fitzpatrick (Quebec)
• Parliament – 12th

Provincial governments

Lieutenant governors

• Lieutenant Governor of Alberta – Robert Brett
• Lieutenant Governor of British Columbia – Francis Stillman Barnard
• Lieutenant Governor of Manitoba – Douglas Colin Cameron (until August 3) then James Albert Manning Aikins
• Lieutenant Governor of New Brunswick – Josiah Wood
• Lieutenant Governor of Nova Scotia – David MacKeen (until November 13) then MacCallum Grant (from November 29)
• Lieutenant Governor of Ontario – John Strathearn Hendrie
• Lieutenant Governor of Prince Edward Island – Augustine Colin Macdonald
• Lieutenant Governor of Quebec – Pierre-Évariste Leblanc
• Lieutenant Governor of Saskatchewan – Richard Stuart Lake

Premiers

• Premier of Alberta – Arthur Sifton
• Premier of British Columbia – William John Bowser (until November 23) then Harlan Brewster
• Premier of Manitoba – Tobias Norris
• Premier of New Brunswick – George Johnson Clarke
• Premier of Nova Scotia – George Henry Murray
• Premier of Ontario – William Hearst
• Premier of Prince Edward Island – John Mathieson
• Premier of Quebec – Lomer Gouin
• Premier of Saskatchewan – Thomas Walter Scott (until October 20) then William Melville Martin

Territorial governments

Commissioners

• Commissioner of Yukon – George Black (until October 13) then George Norris Williams (acting)
• Gold Commissioner of Yukon – George P. MacKenzie
• Commissioner of Northwest Territories – Frederick D. White

Events

January to June

• January 28 – Women are given the right to vote in Manitoba, after protests by people such as Nellie McClung
• February 3 – The Centre Block of the Parliament Buildings in Ottawa burns down
• February 10 – An anti-German riot hits Calgary
• March 14 – Saskatchewan women get the vote
• April 19 – Alberta women get the vote
• June – Rodeo's first side-delivery chute is designed and made by the Bascom brothers on their Bar-B-3 Ranch at Welling, Alberta.
• May 7 – The Government of Canada authorizes the creation of an all black battalion that became No. 2 Construction Battalion, Canadian Expeditionary Force.
• June 1 – June 13 – WWI: Canadians fight in the Battle of Mont Sorrel

July to December

• July 1 – Prohibition of alcohol introduced in Alberta
• July 1 – November 18 25,000 Canadians and Newfoundlanders are casualties at the Battle of the Somme
• July 24 – Earl Bascom enters his first steer riding contest at Welling, Alberta.
• July 29 – The Matheson Fire in the region northwest of North Bay, Ontario, begins. It eventually kills between 200 and 250 people and destroys six towns, including Matheson and Cochrane
• August 11 – The 4th Canadian Division arrives in France
• October 20 – William M. Martin becomes premier of Saskatchewan, replacing Walter Scott
• November 23 – Harlan Brewster becomes premier of British Columbia, replacing William John Bowser
• December 1 – An Order in Council authorizes an increase of troops to 500,000 in the First World War

Full date unknown

• Victor Cavendish, 9th Duke of Devonshire becomes Governor General of Canada replacing Prince Arthur, Duke of Connaught
• The National Research Council of Canada is established.
• The first Doukhobors arrive in Alberta
• Emily Murphy became the first female magistrate in Canada, and in the British Empire.[1]

Arts and literature

New works

• Lucy Maud Montgomery – The Watchman & Other Poems
• Max Aitken – Canada in Flanders
• Alfred Laliberté – Les petits Baigneurs

Sport

• March 30 – The National Hockey Association's Montreal Canadiens beat the Portland Rosebuds of the Pacific Coast Hockey Association 3 games to 2 to win their first Stanley Cup. All Games were played at the Montreal Arena

Births

January to June

• January 22 – Bill Durnan, ice hockey player (d.1972)
• February 4 – Pudlo Pudlat, artist (d.1992)
• February 10 – Claude Bissell, author and educator (d.2000)
• February 18 – Jean Drapeau, lawyer, politician and Mayor of Montreal (d.1999)
• February 23 – Molly Kool, North America's first registered female sea captain (d.2009)
• March 10 – Davie Fulton, politician and judge (d.2000)
• April 18 – Ian Wahn, politician and lawyer (d.1999)
• April 27 – Myfanwy Pavelic, artist (d.2007)
• May 3 – Léopold Simoneau, lyric tenor (d.2006)
• May 4 – Jane Jacobs, urbanist, writer and activist (d.2006)
• May 30 – Jack Dennett, radio and television announcer (d.1975)
• June 20 – Jean-Jacques Bertrand, politician and 21st Premier of Quebec (d.1973)

July to December

• July 16 – John Gallagher, geologist and businessman (d.1998)

Michel Chartrand in 2003

• July 21 – Wilfred Cantwell Smith, professor of comparative religion (d.2000)
• August 1 – Anne Hébert, author and poet (d.2000)
• September 5 – Frank Shuster, comedian (d.2002)
• September 18 – Laura Sabia, social activist and feminist (d.1996)
• October 9 – Bill Allum, ice hockey player (d.1992)
• October 30 – Roy Brown Jr., car design engineer (Edsel, Ford Consul, Ford Cortina) (d.2013)
• November 17 – Martin J. Légère, businessman (d.2013)
• November 23 – P. K. Page, poet (d.2010)
• December 5 – Lomer Brisson, politician and lawyer (d.1981)
• December 7 – Margaret Carse, dancer
• December 16 – Harry Gunning, scientist and administrator (d.2002)
• December 20 – Michel Chartrand, activist (d.2010)
• December 23 – Ruth Dawson, artist

Full date unknown

• John Wintermeyer, politician (d.1994)

Deaths

• February 3 – Bowman Brown Law, politician (b.1855)
• May 12 – Joseph-Aldric Ouimet, politician (b.1848)
• May 29 – Louis-Alphonse Boyer, politician (b.1839)
• June 27 – Daniel Webster Marsh, businessman and Mayor of Calgary (b.1838)
• July 28 – Pierre-Amand Landry, lawyer, judge and politician (b.1846)
• August 8 – Edgar Dewdney, politician, Lieutenant Governor of Northwest Territories and Lieutenant Governor of British Columbia (b.1835)
• December 12 – Albert Lacombe, missionary (b.1827)

Full date unknown

• Grace Annie Lockhart, first woman in the British Empire to receive a Bachelor's degree (b.1855)

See also

• List of Canadian films

Historical Documents

Prime Minister Borden appeals to Canadians for service abroad and at home [2]

Moving description of Canadian involvement in Ypres Salient [3]

Prime Minister Borden fires militia minister Lt. Gen. Sam Hughes for insubordination [4]

Warning to Imperial Munitions Board head about Ross rifle's dangerous failings [5]

Arthur Pearson's letter praising soldier for his rapid progress adjusting to his blindness [6]

120th City of Hamilton Battalion recruiting advertisement [7]

Cartoonist imagines soldier's vision of Christmas at home [8]

Orderly in Canadian hospital brags about its superiority over British facilities, and his bandaging technique [9]

Canadian nurse in Petrograd's Anglo-Russian Hospital enjoys much local culture [10]

Canadian nurse serving in French army hospital gives poignant description of soldier's funeral [11]

Renaming Berlin (Kitchener), Ont.: anti-change ad, and list of suggested new names [12]

Senator objects to Ontario policy restricting education in French [13]

Testimony regarding sale of Squamish land in Vancouver area [14]

Scores killed as huge forest fire destroys northern Ontario towns [15]

U.S.A. and U.K. sign agreement to conserve North American migratory birds [16]

Political cartoon warns Western Canadian drinkers that prohibition is coming in 1916 [17]

References

1. Canadian Research Institute for the Advancement of Women. http://criaw-icref.ca/millenium Archived 2014-01-02 at the Wayback Machine
2. Robert Borden, "The Appeal for National Service" (October 23, 1916). Accessed 6 March 2020 http://www.nlc-bnc.ca/primeministers/h4-4069-e.html
3. "To William MacIntosh from Doug Holman, France, Regarding the 3rd Battle of Ypres" (July 4, 1916). Accessed 6 March 2020 http://website.nbm-mnb.ca/mop/english/ww1/dosearch.asp?Results=50&q=Holman (scroll down to "4 July 1916")
4. Robert Borden to Sam Hughes (November 9, 1916). Accessed 6 March 2020 http://www.collectionscanada.ca/primeministers/h4-2214.1-e.html
5. Letter to Joseph Flavelle (July 20, 1916). Accessed 6 March 2020 https://archives.queensu.ca/exhibits/archival-resources-teachers/archival-look-world-war-i/technology-war (scroll down to "William E. Rundle")
6. Arthur Pearson, Blinded Soldiers' and Sailors' Hostel, London (January 12, 1916). Accessed 6 March 2020 http://collectionscanada.gc.ca/pam_archives/index.php?fuseaction=genitem.displayItem&rec_nbr=165599
7. "Hamilton First," Hamilton Herald (March 18, 1916), pg. 15. Accessed 6 March 2020 http://digitalcollections.mcmaster.ca/pw20c/120th-city-hamilton-battalion-newspaper-clipping-18-march-1916
8. "The Soldier's Dream, the Night before Christmas, in the Trenches," The Grain Growers' Guide (December 6, 1916). Accessed 28 February 2020 http://www.mhs.mb.ca/docs/features/timelinks/imageref/ref0795.shtml
9. "R.A.L.," Letters of a Canadian Stretcher Bearer (1917), pgs. 47-50. Accessed 6 March 2020 https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=mdp.39015047784098&view=image&seq=59
10. Letter of Dorothy Cotton (April 5, 1916), pgs. 5-7. Accessed 6 March 2020 http://collectionscanada.gc.ca/pam_archives/index.php?fuseaction=genitem.displayItem&rec_nbr=3706576
11. Anonymous, My Beloved Poilus (1917). Accessed 6 March 2020 http://www.vlib.us/medical/canadian/cnurse.htm (scroll down to "January 16, 1916")
12. "Are You in Favor of Changing the Name of This City? NO!!" Berlin Record. http://collectionscanada.gc.ca/pam_archives/index.php?fuseaction=genitem.displayEcopies&lang=eng&rec_nbr=165582&ecopy=e000000566 "List of Suggestions of Names" http://collectionscanada.gc.ca/pam_archives/index.php?fuseaction=genitem.displayItem&rec_nbr=165583 Accessed 6 March 2020
13. Napoléon Antoine Belcourt, "Address [to] Quebec Canadian Club[...]; Bilingualism" (March 28, 1916). Accessed 9 March 2020 https://archive.org/details/bilingualismaddr00belcuoft/page/n4/mode/2up
14. Royal Commission on Indian Affairs for the Province of British Columbia (March 28, 1916), pgs. 680-4. Accessed 9 March 2020 http://gsdl.ubcic.bc.ca/cgi-bin/library.cgi?e=q-00000-00---off-0newwestm--00-2----0-10-0---0---0direct-10---4-------0-1l--10-en-50---20-about-Squamish+1916--00-3-1-00-0--4--0--0-0-01-00-0utfZz-8-00&a=d&c=newwestm&d=HASH41eb0adc8523cf1b27dfdc.50
15. "200 Known Dead in North Ontario Fire, Heavy Rainstorm Quenches Forest Blaze," The Winnipeg Evening Tribune, Vol. XXVII, No. 1 (July 31, 1916), pg. 1. Accessed 10 March 2020 https://digitalcollections.lib.umanitoba.ca/islandora/object/uofm%3A1691258
16. United States Department of State, "Convention between the United States and Great Britain for the Protection of Migratory Birds," Papers Relating to the Foreign Relations of the United States[...]December 5, 1916, pgs. 279-82. Accessed 10 March 2020 http://digicoll.library.wisc.edu/cgi-bin/FRUS/FRUS-idx?type=turn&id=FRUS.FRUS1916&entity=FRUS.FRUS1916.p0355
17. "The Handwriting on the Wall," The Grain Growers' Guide (January 26, 1916). Accessed 10 March 2020 http://www.mhs.mb.ca/docs/features/timelinks/imageref/ref0779.shtml