Zopherinae

Ironclad beetles
	Ironclad beetle, Zopherus nodulosus haldemani
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Arthropoda
Class:	Insecta
Order:	Coleoptera
Family:	Zopheridae
Subfamily:	Zopherinae
Tribes[1]
	Latometini Ślipiński and Lawrence, 1999; Monommatini Blanchard, 1845; Phellopsini Ślipiński and Lawrence, 1999; Pycnomerini Erichson, 1845; Usechini Horn, 1867; Zopherini Solier, 1834;

Zopherinae is a subfamily of beetles, commonly known as ironclad beetles. Together with the subfamily Usechinae, they have been treated historically as a family, but have recently been joined by several additional taxa, making the Zopheridae a much larger composite family, and the Zopherinae are now only a small component within it, consisting of seven genera in the tribe Zopherini and one genus, Phellopsis in its own tribe (Phellopsini).

These beetles are apparently fungivores and associated with rotting wood, and as the common name implies, have one of the hardest of all arthropod exoskeletons; in some species, it is almost impossible to drive an insect pin through their bodies without using a small drill to make a hole first.

When disturbed, ironclad beetles play dead.

Some species in the genus Zopherus in Mexico are decorated with costume jewelry glued to their bodies, and sold as living brooches, known as ma'kech.[2]

Selected species

Genus Phellopsis LeConte, 1862

Phellopsis montana Casey, 1907

Phellopsis obcordata (Kirby, 1837)

Phellopsis porcata

Phellopsis robustula Casey, 1907

Genus Nosoderma Solier, 1841

Nosoderma aequale

Nosoderma diabolicum (LeConte, 1851)

Nosoderma exsculptum

Nosoderma guatemalense

Nosoderma inaequale

Nosoderma plicatum (LeConte, 1859)

Nosoderma sylvaticum

Nosoderma zunilense

Genus Zopherus Laporte, 1840

Zopherus championi Triplehorn, 1972

Zopherus chilensis

Zopherus concolor LeConte, 1851

Zopherus elegans Horn, 1870

Zopherus gracilis Horn, 1867

Zopherus granicollis Horn, 1885

Zopherus jansoni

Zopherus jourdani

Zopherus laevicollis

Zopherus nervosus

Zopherus nodulosus Solier, 1841

Zopherus opacus Horn, 1867

Zopherus sanctaehelenae (Blaisdell, 1931)

Zopherus tristis LeConte, 1851

Zopherus uteanus (Casey, 1907)

Zopherus xestus Triplehorn, 1972

gollark: Convoluted methods to disassemble devices create extra risk and make it harder for regular people to repair.

gollark: I mean, phones having socketed CPUs would be weird. But they should at least have the easily-worn-down parts - screen glass, battery and USB-C port - on swappable boards.

gollark: It is not a technical limitation, in the majority of cases.

gollark: They SHOULD be.

gollark: And I think some highish-voltage screen power line running beside the screen's data lines, on some MacBooks too.

References

Bouchard, Patrice; Bousquet, Yves; Davies, Anthony E.; Alonso-Zarazaga, Miguel A.; et al. (2011). "Family-group names in Coleoptera (Insecta)". ZooKeys. Pensoft Publishers (88): 1–972. doi:10.3897/zookeys.88.807. ISSN 1313-2989. PMC 3088472. PMID 21594053.
"CBP Officers Intercept Live Beetle Worn as Jewelry at Brownsville Port of Entry" (Press release). US Customs and Border Patrol. 20 January 2010. Retrieved 9 May 2016.

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[Bouchard2011-1] Bouchard, Patrice; Bousquet, Yves; Davies, Anthony E.; Alonso-Zarazaga, Miguel A.; et al. (2011). "Family-group names in Coleoptera (Insecta)". ZooKeys. Pensoft Publishers (88): 1–972. doi:10.3897/zookeys.88.807. ISSN 1313-2989. PMC 3088472. PMID 21594053.

[2] "CBP Officers Intercept Live Beetle Worn as Jewelry at Brownsville Port of Entry" (Press release). US Customs and Border Patrol. 20 January 2010. Retrieved 9 May 2016.