William Eugene Evans
Dr. William Eugene Evans (October 11, 1930 – October 12, 2010) was a world renowned marine mammal acoustician and ecologist and the fifth Administrator of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA).[2]
William Eugene Evans | |
|---|---|
| 5th Administrator of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration | |
| In office March 31, 1988 – August 7, 1989 | |
| President | Ronald Reagan George H.W. Bush |
| Preceded by | Anthony J. Calio |
| Succeeded by | John A. Knauss |
| Chairman of the Marine Mammal Commission | |
| In office 1983–1986 | |
| Preceded by | James C. Nofziger |
| Personal details | |
| Born | October 11, 1930 Elkhart, Indiana |
| Died | October 12, 2010 (aged 80) Bryan, TX |
| Alma mater | Bowling Green State University Ohio State University UCLA |
| Occupation | Marine Scientist |
| Military service | |
| Branch/service | Ohio National Guard |
| Years of service | 1948-1949 1953-1954 (reserve) 1954-1956 (active) |
| Rank | Lieutenant[1] |
Early life
William Eugene Evans was born in Elkhart, Indiana on October 10, 1930. He grew up in rural areas, but was able to frequently visit the museums in and around Chicago, which fostered an interest in science. His interest in marine life was locked in by circus displays which brought to his home town in successive years a preserved fin whale and a preserved sperm whale. At 18, he joined the Ohio National Guard so that he could finish high school without being drafted to Korea. Though he did miss his graduation when his unit was activated and he was sent to Camp Polk in Louisiana, but he finished his service before he ever went to Korea.[3] and then shortly thereafter attended Bowling Green State University where he was in the Reserve Officers' Training Corps. In December 1953, he earned a Bachelor of Science degree in speech pathology/audiology with a double major in dramatic arts and then went to his final ROTC training at Fort Sill. Afterwards he was commissioned as 2nd Lieutenant in the Army Reserves as a field artillery officer.[4][3] From 1953 to 1954, he was a research assistant in experimental audiology at the Columbus State School for Ohio State University Research Foundation.[1]
Following his ROTC training he enrolled at Ohio State University in Columbus, Ohio and earned a Master's of Science degree in audiology and psychoacoustics from Ohio State in December 1954. Immediately afterwards, he went to Fort Knox where he served in the 276th Armored Field Artillery Battalion training officers and enlisted men in the use of artillery weapons. In 1956, when his service was over, he turned down a chance to go to flight school so that he could move closer to his family in California.[4][3]
Research
When he completed his military service, he was hired by Douglas Aircraft Company in California as a laboratory research analyst in bioacoustics studying the effect of jet engine noise on non-human animals. When the government wanted someone to study the electrocardiogram readings of whales, Evans was sent to Baja California to learn about gray whales. He left Douglas in 1959 and got a job as the senior scientist and project leader of bioacoustic at Lockheed Aircraft in Burbank, CA.[4][1]
In 1964, he left Lockheed and worked part-time on an NIH grant with Prof. K.S. Norris, as a grad student and part time with Naval Missile Center Marine Mammal Laboratory, where he became one of the first scientists to work with the United States Navy's Marine Mammal Program. He studied marine mammal communication and echolocation and analyzed dolphins' unique whistle vocalizations. During that time he served on the Coast Guard Icebreaker, Polar Star, studying dolphin echolocation. He helped to create a special research platform for recording and observing dolphins underwater called "Sea See" and worked on the design of the semi-submersible vehicle, the RVSea See. He participated in events for NATO in 1966. In 1966 he was promoted to senior scientist and associate head of the Marine Bio-Medical Division, marine mammal research at the Naval Undersea Center in Point Mugu, CA, and San Diego, CA. During that time he participated in the International Conference on the Biology of Whales in 1971, the first USSR-US Cooperative Environmental Research Program and even served as a visiting scientist on a Soviet research vessel.[5] From 1972 to 1974, he was an advance study fellow and visiting scientist for the National Marine Fisheries Service at the Southwest Fisheries Center in Lo Jolla, CA.[6][1]
He left Lockheed to undertake a PhD at the University of California at Los Angeles, earning his doctorate in December 1975. During this time and after, from 1974 to 1976, he was head of the bioanalysis group, underseas sciences department, at the Naval Ocean Systems Center.[6] He authored more than 60 published technical papers and coauthored several books. He held at least three patents for marine systems, including a device for tagging and tracking marine animals.[7]
He served as the first director of the Hubbs-Sea World Research Institute in San Diego from 1977 to 1986. There he worked on remote sensing studies for use in oceanography and hosted notables like Jacques Cousteau and then-governor Ronald Reagan.[5][4]
Government Service
In 1983, Evans was appointed by President Ronald Reagan to serve as chairman of the Marine Mammal Commission for two years, and his term was extended until 1986.[7] In 1986, he became the Assistant Administrator for Fisheries at the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) where he negotiated several global environmental and fisheries agreements.[8] In 1988 was appointed the first Undersecretary of Commerce for Oceans and Atmosphere (NOAA), previously that position had been known as the Administrator of NOAA.[5] That same year he was appointed as the U.S. commissioner to the International Whaling Commission. It was during his time at NOAA that the Exxon Valdez oil spill occurred and because the Secretary of Commerce had to recuse himself, Evans became acting Secretary for all issues dealing with the Valdez. It was the change in the nature of his job from one of science to legal and cleanup efforts that led him to retire from NOAA in late 1989.[4]
Academia
Following his retirement from NOAA, he went into academia and became the Dean of the Maritime College, president of the Texas Institute of Oceanography, and Professor of Marine Biology at Texas A&M University at Galveston. He was later an adjunct professor of biology at the University of Notre Dame. From 2003 till his retirement in 2009, he was Editor in Chief of the American Midland Naturalist.[5][4]
Evans researched the history of international environmental policy and the conservation of threatened and endangered species. He wrote several books including an autobiography entitled "50 Years of Flukes and Flippers." Evans received an honorary doctorate of public service form BGSU in 1988.[5]
He married Phyllis Jean Roberts, whom he met in college, on December 27, 1952 in Dayton, OH and they remained married until his death in 2010. Together they had two children, Jonathan Arthur; born May 13, 1955 and Timothy Justice; born July 13, 1956, both in Fort Knox, Ky.[4][1] He died in 2010 at the age of 80 in Bryan, Texas.
References
- Nomination, Marine Mammal Commission: hearing before the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation, United States Senate, Ninety-eighth Congress, second session, on nomination of Dr. William Evans to be chairman, Marine Mammal Commission, March 21, 1984. U.S. G.P.O. 1984.
- "William Eugene Evans". Marine Mammal Science. 28 (1): 232. 28 December 2011. doi:10.1111/j.1748-7692.2011.00556.x.
- Evans, William E. (2008). Fifty Years of Flukes and Flippers: A Little History and Personal Adventures with Dolphins, Whales and Sea Lions. Coronet Books Incorporated. ISBN 978-9546423269.
- von Zharen, Wyndylyn (April 2011). "In memoriam: Dr. William Eugene Evans: Oct. 11, 1930-Oct. 12, 2010". The American Midland Naturalist. 165 (2): 207–208. doi:10.1674/0003-0031-165.2.207. Retrieved 24 May 2018.
- "William Eugene Evans". The San Diego Union Tribune. 15 October 2010. Retrieved 24 May 2018.
- Peters, Gerhard; Woolley, John T. (February 11, 1988). Nomination of William Evans To Be an Under Secretary of Commerce. The American Presidency Project. Retrieved 31 May 2018.
- "Nomination of William Evans To Be a Member of the Marine Mammal Commission, and Designation as Chairman". Retrieved 29 May 2018.
- Lubchenco, Jane. "Passing of Former NOAA Administrator Dr. Bill E. Evans". Retrieved 29 May 2018.
| Government offices | ||
|---|---|---|
| Preceded by Anthony J. Calio |
Administrator of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration 1988 – 1989 |
Succeeded by John A. Knauss |
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