Widjojo Nitisastro

Widjojo Nitisastro (23 September 1927 – 9 March 2012) was an Indonesian economist. He was one of Indonesia's best-known and most respected economic policy-makers, both within Indonesia and overseas.[1] Widjojo was born in Malang in East Java, and died in Jakarta, Indonesia, aged 84.[2]

Widjojo Nitisastro
Widjojo Nitisastro (1977)
Born(1927-09-23)23 September 1927
Malang, East Java, Indonesia
Died9 March 2012(2012-03-09) (aged 84)
Jakarta, Indonesia
Resting placeKalibata Heroes Cemetery
NationalityIndonesian
EducationUniversity of Indonesia and University of California, Berkeley
OccupationEconomist
Known forWork as a minister and economic adviser in Indonesia
TitleProfessor of Economics

Early career

Widjojo Nitisastro became a full professor of economics at the University of Indonesia in Jakarta at the age of 34 in 1962.[3] In the late 1960s, after the fall of president Sukarno and the transition to the new government under president Suharto, he became one of Indonesia's most important economic policy-makers.[4] He was generally considered to be the foremost member of the well-known 'Berkeley Mafia' group of economists who became very influential in economic policy during the period of Suharto's 'New Order' government.[5] Other members of the group, all senior Indonesian economists, were generally regarded to include Professor Ali Wardhana, Professor Moh. Sadli, Professor Emil Salim, and Professor Subroto.[6][7]

Widjojo Nitisastro held ministerial rank in successive Indonesian cabinets for most of the 1970s until 1983. He continued to be influential as one of the president's most trusted advisers throughout the rest of the 1980s. He worked closely with the president until Suharto resigned from office in 1998.[8]

Work with government

A brief summary of Widjojo's career is as follows:,[9]

Widjojo Nitisastro (right) at an IGGI meeting in The Hague in June 1983 with Ministers Ali Wardhana (left) and Eegje Schoo (Netherlands).
  • 1955: Graduated from the Faculty of Economics, University of Indonesia.
  • 1955: Appointed Director, Institute for Economic and Social Research, University of Indonesia; he served concurrently as a senior staff member in the Indonesian Planning Bureau (Biro Perantjang Negara) as an advisor to the well-known leading economist, Professor Sumitro Djojohadikusumo.
  • 1957-1961: Studied economics and demography at the University of California, Berkeley, graduating with a PhD.
  • 1962: Appointed professor of economics at the University of Indonesia.
  • 1964-1968: Dean, Faculty of Economics, University of Indonesia, serving concurrently as Director of the National Institute of Economic and Social Sciences of the Indonesian Council for Sciences.[10]
  • 1966: Appointed as team coordinator for economy and finance of the staff of personal assistants to president Suharto.
  • 1967-1983: Chairman (head) of the Indonesian National Development Planning Agency (Bappenas).
  • 1971: Appointed Minister for Development Planning.[11]
  • 1973-1983: Appointed Coordinating Minister for Economy, Finance and Industry.[12]
  • 1983: Term as Coordinating Minister for Economy, Finance and Industry ended. He became one of president Suharto's key economic advisers and continued to work closely with the president until Suharto resigned in 1998.

During his career in government, Widjojo was the head of many Indonesian delegations to numerous international meetings such as the Inter-Governmental Group on Indonesia (IGGI), the Paris Club, and World Bank and International Monetary Fund (IMF) meetings. He was also a member of the South Commission (headed by president Julius Nyerere) as well as numerous other international committees). In 2008, the Faculty of Economics at the University of Indonesia awarded Widjojo its most prestigious award, the Wirakarya Adhitama, for a lifetime of dedication and extraordinary achievements.[13]

After retirement

After retirement, Widjojo lived quietly in Jakarta. He did not publish widely during his period in government preferring to work directly with his colleagues and president Suharto. In 2010 a collection of some of his main reports and speeches during his period as an adviser was published as Pengalaman Pembangunan Indonesia (The Indonesian Development Experience).[14][15] In the collection, he discussed a wide range of issues relating to economic policy in Indonesia during the period 1965-1997 as well as providing details of the way the government responded to several key economic crises in the 1970s.[16] This book was published in an English-language version in 2011 as The Indonesian Development Experience: A Collection of Writings and Speeches. The English-language version was launched at the Faculty of Economics, University of Indonesia, on 23 September 2011.[17]

Widjojo died on 9 March 2012 in Jakarta. His funeral service was held the same day at the Sunda Kelapa mosque in Menteng, Jakarta. His role as a major policy-maker in Indonesia was recognised at an official ceremony in the Planning Bureau (Bappenas) following the service. In paying tribute to Widjojo's legacy, president Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono said that Widjojo had been a leading architect of 'New Order' economic policies and that many of his ideas had formed the cornerstone of economic policy in Indonesia.[18] After lying in state for a few hours in Bappenas to provide an opportunity for mourners, including president Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono, to pay their respects, Widjojo was buried at Kalibata Heroes Cemetery in South Jakarta at a ceremony led by Vice President Boediono.

Later recognition

In October 2012, Widjojo was recognised as the "father of Indonesian demography" during a seminar at the 62nd anniversary of the Economics Faculty, University of Indonesia. Professor Subroto, an economics professor and a colleague of Widjojo in government, said that through his work Widjojo had placed the Indonesian people at the heart of development policy in Indonesia. The seminar was organised by the Institute of Demography within the Economics Faculty at the university.[19]

gollark: No, chests.
gollark: <@237328509234708481> What's "the block has changed" supposed to mean?
gollark: _continues futile attempts to optimize stuff_
gollark: getItemMeta returns a thing with stackSize, right?
gollark: Also, in that version there, patterns got fed in as a table with numeric indices from 1-9 representing each slot of the crafting table plus an optional qty key for how much the recipe produces.

References
  1. Harry Baskara, 'World figures champion Indonesia's top leader with integrity', The Jakarta Post, 4 October 2009.
  2. "Indonesian Economic Architect Dies at 84". VIVA News. 10 March 2012. Retrieved 9 March 2012.
  3. Moh. Arsjad Anwar, Aris Ananta, Ari Kuncoro (eds), Tributes for Widjojo Nitisatro by Friends from 27 Foreign Countries, 2007, Penerbit Buku Kompas, Jakarta, p. xvii.
  4. Elson, R.E, Suharto: A Political Biography, 2001, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK. ISBN 0-521-77326-1
  5. Emil Salim, 'Emil Salim', in Thee Kian Wie (ed), Recollections: The Indonesian Economy, 1950s - 1960s, 2003, Institute of Southeast Asian Studies, Singapore. ISBN 981-230-174-7, p. 209.
  6. Thee Kian Wie (ed), Recollections: The Indonesian Economy, 1950s - 1960s, 2003, Institute of Southeast Asian Studies, Singapore. ISBN 981-230-174-7
  7. Radius Prawiro, Indonesia's Struggle of Economic Development: Pragmatism in Action, 1998, Oxford University Press, Oxford, UK. ISBN 983-56-0053-8
  8. Moh. Arsjad Anwar, Aris Ananta, Ari Kuncoro (eds), Kesan Para Sahabat tentang Widjojo Nitisastro (Testimonials of Friends about Widjojo Nitisastro), 2007, Penerbit Buku Kompas, Jakarta, and Moh. Arsjad Anwar, Aris Ananta, Ari Kuncoro (eds), Tributes for Widjojo Nitisatro by Friends from 27 Foreign Countries, 2007, Penerbit Buku Kompas, Jakarta.
  9. 'Prof. Dr. Widjojo Nitisastro', in Moh. Arsjad Anwar, Aris Ananta, Ari Kuncoro (eds), Tributes for Widjojo Nitisastro by Friends from 27 Foreign Countries, 2007, Penerbit Buku Kompas, Jakarta.
  10. His book, Population Trends in Indonesia, written in the late 1960s before he entered government service and originally published by Cornell University Press in 1970, is widely regarded as the classic study of the issues in population policy in Indonesia at the time
  11. He was appointed as State Minister for National Development Planning assisting the president in a cabinet reshuffle announced on 9 September 1971. He simultaneously held the position of chair, National Development Planning Agency (Bappenas). See Ready Susanto, Mari mengenal kabinet Indonesia [Let's know the cabinet of Indonesia], Lazuardi Buku Utama, Jakarta, 2011.
  12. He held this post from 29 March 1978 to 19 March 1983 while also continuing in his position as chair, National Development Planning Agency (Bappenas). See Ready Susanto, op. cit.
  13. The Jakarta Post, 3 November 2008
  14. Widjojo Nitisastro, Pengalaman Pembangunan Indonesia: Kumpulan Tulisan dan Uraian Widjojo Nitisastro (The Indonesian Development Experience: A Collection of the Writings of Widjojo Nitisastro), 2010, Kompas Penerbit Buku, Jakarta.
  15. Aris Ananta, 'Widjojo Nitisastro and changes to development paradigms', The Jakarta Post, 31 January 2010 .
  16. Peter McCawley, 'Review article: Widjojo Nitisastro and Indonesian development', Bulletin of Indonesian Economic Studies, 41(1), April 2011, pp. 87-103.
  17. A book review of the English-language version is at Harry Bhaskara, 'Footprints of a New Order economic czar', The Jakarta Post,, 23 October 2011.
  18. Arientha Primanita and Kunradus Allandu, 'Widjojo, Architect of New Order Economy, Dies at 84', The Jakarta Globe, 10 March 2012.
  19. Elly Burhaini, 'New Order economist Widjojo lauded', The Jakarta Post, 15 October 2012.
This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.