Viola Hashe

Viola Hashe (1926-1977) was a teacher, anti-apartheid activist and trade unionist in South Africa. Hashe was also blind.[1]

Viola Hashe addresses the crowd in an poster designed by Thami Mnyele.

Biography

Hashe was born in 1926 in the Orange Free State.[2] She started working with the trade unions and joined the African National Congress (ANC) in the 1950s.[2] She became a member of the South African Congress of Trade Unions (SACTU) in the mid-1950s.[2] In 1956, she worked on the South African Clothing Workers Union (SACWU) where she became the first woman leader of an all-male South African union.[2] Hashe spoke at the SACTU conference in Durban where she discussed passes for women, since women weren't allowed to hold passes.[3]

Hashe became the first woman to be threatened with deportation under the Urban Areas Act in 1956.[2] She had the counsel of Shulamith Muller, and the order to deport her was rescinded "barely seven hours before the order was to take effect."[4] In 1963, Hashe was banned under the Suppression of Communism Act and then "restricted to Roodepoort" until her death in 1977.[2]

Hashe influenced many people who became activists or who were already working as activists. These included Bertha Gxowa,[5] Mabel Balfour, and Mary Moodley.[6] A branch of the African National Congress Youth League is named after Hashe.[7]

gollark: I also made it so that you can do `1 / "d" * "abcdefg"`.
gollark: `{"abc", "efg"}`
gollark: Thanks to metatable insanity.
gollark: `"abcdefg" / "d"` works.
gollark: Like how potatOS implements string division.

See also

References
  1. Kellner, Clive (2000). Thami Mnyele and Medu Art Ensemble Retrospective. Jacana. ISBN 9781770096882.
  2. "Viola Hashe". South African History Online. 23 January 2013. Retrieved 3 September 2016.
  3. The Role of Women in the South African Trade Union Movement (PDF). Aluka. p. 14.
  4. Luckhardt; Wall. "Organize... or Starve! - The History of the SACTU". South African Congress of Trade Unions. South African History Online. Retrieved 7 September 2016.
  5. "Bertha Gxowa (1934-)". The Presidency: Republic of South Africa. Retrieved 4 September 2016.
  6. "60 Iconic Women — The people behind the 1956 Women's March to Pretoria (41-50)". Mail & Guardian. 25 August 2016. Retrieved 4 September 2016.
  7. "ANCYL Fundraises for the Elections". Soweto Urban. 1 April 2014. Retrieved 4 September 2016.
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