Versatile Video Coding

Versatile Video Coding (VVC), also known as H.266, MPEG-I Part 3 and Future Video Coding (FVC), is a video compression standard finalized on 6 July 2020, by the Joint Video Experts Team (JVET),[1] a united video expert team of the MPEG working group of ISO/IEC JTC 1 and the VCEG working group of ITU-T. It is the successor to High Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC, also known as ITU-T H.265 and MPEG-H Part 2).

VVC / H.266 / MPEG-I Part 3
Versatile video coding
StatusIn force
Year started2020
Latest versionJuly 2020
OrganizationITU-T, ISO, IEC
CommitteeVCEG, MPEG
Base standardsH.261, H.262, H.263, H.264, H.265, MPEG-1
Domainvideo compression

Concept

In October 2015, the MPEG and VCEG formed the Joint Video Exploration Team (JVET) to evaluate available compression technologies and study the requirements for a next-generation video compression standard. The new algorithms should have a 30–50% better compression rate for the same perceptual quality, with support for lossless and subjectively lossless compression. It should support resolutions from 4K to 16K as well as 360° videos. VVC should support YCbCr 4:4:4, 4:2:2 and 4:2:0 with 10 to 16 bits per component, BT.2100 wide color gamut and high dynamic range (HDR) of more than 16 stops (with peak brightness of 1000, 4000 and 10000 nits), auxiliary channels (for depth, transparency, etc.), variable and fractional frame rates from 0 to 120 Hz, scalable video coding for temporal (frame rate), spatial (resolution), SNR, color gamut and dynamic range differences, stereo/multiview coding, panoramic formats, and still picture coding. Encoding complexity of several times (up to ten times) that of HEVC is expected, depending on the quality of the encoding algorithm (which is outside the scope of the standard). The decoding complexity is expected to be about twice that of HEVC.

VVC development is made using the VVC Test Model (VTM), a reference software codebase that was started with a minimal set of coding tools. Further coding tools are added after being tested in Core Experiments (CEs). Its predecessor was the Joint Exploration Model (JEM), an experimental software codebase that was based on the reference software used for HEVC.

History

JVET issued a final “Call for Proposals” in October 2017, with which the standardization process officially began.[2]

The first working draft of the Versatile Video Coding standard was released in April 2018.[3]

At IBC 2018, a preliminary implementation based on VVC was demonstrated that was said to compress video 40% more efficiently than HEVC.[4]

The final standard was approved on 6 July 2020.[5][6][7]

Current schedule
  • October 2017: Call for Proposals
  • April 2018: Evaluation of the proposals received and first draft of the standard[8]
  • July 2019: Ballot issued for Committee Draft
  • October 2019: Ballot issued for Draft International Standard
  • 6 July 2020: Completion of final standard

Licensing

To reduce the risk of the problems seen when licensing HEVC implementations, for VVC a new group called the Media Coding Industry Forum (MC-IF) was founded.[9][10]However, MC-IF has no official power over the standardization process, which is still based on pure technical merit.[11]

With 4 companies vying to be the patent pool administrator for VVC, the same problems that plagued AVC [12] and HEVC [13] licensing seem to be repeating themselves.

See also

References
  1. "JVET - Joint Video Experts Team". www.itu.int. Retrieved 21 January 2019.
  2. "N17195, Joint Call for Proposals on Video Compression with Capability beyond HEVC | MPEG". mpeg.chiariglione.org. Retrieved 21 January 2019.
  3. "N17669, Working Draft 1 of Versatile Video Coding | MPEG". mpeg.chiariglione.org. Retrieved 18 August 2019.
  4. "Fraunhofer Institut zeigt 50% besseren HEVC Nachfolger VVC auf der // IBC 2018". slashCAM (in German). Retrieved 21 January 2019.
  5. "Fraunhofer Heinrich Hertz Institute HHI". newsletter.fraunhofer.de. Retrieved 8 July 2020.
  6. "Versatile Video Coding | MPEG". mpeg.chiariglione.org. Retrieved 21 January 2019.
  7. ITU (27 April 2018). "Beyond HEVC: Versatile Video Coding project starts strongly in Joint Video Experts Team". ITU News. Retrieved 21 January 2019.
  8. "JVET-J1001: Versatile Video Coding (Draft 1)". April 2018.
  9. Ozer, Jan; Ozer, Jan (13 January 2019). "A Video Codec Licensing Update". Streaming Media Magazine. Retrieved 21 January 2019.
  10. "MC-IF". mc-if. Retrieved 21 January 2019.
  11. Feldman, Christian (7 May 2019). "Video Engineering Summit East 2019 –AV1/VVC Update". New York. Retrieved 20 June 2019. No change to the standardization has been done, so it could theoretically happen that the same thing with HEVC happens again. No measures have been done to prevent that, unfortunately. Also, JVET is not directly responsible; they are just a technical committee. (…) There is the Media Coding Industry Forum (…), but they don't have any real power.
  12. Siglin, Timothy (12 February 2009). "The H.264 Licensing Labyrinth". Streaming Media Magazine. Retrieved 8 July 2020.
  13. "Balance of Power Shifts Among HEVC Patent Pools". Streaming Media Magazine. 17 January 2020. Retrieved 8 July 2020.
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