VASP Flight 375
VASP Flight 375 was a hijacked flight on September 29, 1988 by Raimundo Nonato Alves da Conceição, who aimed to crash the plane with 98 passengers and 7 crew aboard against the Planalto Palace in Brasília. The flight, in a Boeing 737-300 aircraft, left Porto Velho for Rio de Janeiro, making stops in Brasilia, Goiânia and Belo Horizonte. In the final phase of the flight between Belo Horizonte to Rio de Janeiro, the plane was hijacked and diverted to Brasília. The hijacking was not successful and the aircraft ended up landing safely in Goiânia. The only fatal victim as a result of the kidnapping was one of the co-pilots, Salvador Evangelista.
| Hijacking | |
|---|---|
| Date | September 29, 1988 |
| Summary | Hijacking |
| Site | Initially over Minas Gerais, over Brasília; subsequently Santa Genoveva Airport, Goiânia |
| Aircraft | |
| Aircraft type | Boeing 737-3L9 |
| Operator | VASP |
| Registration | PP-SNT |
| Flight origin | Porto Velho International Airport, Porto Velho |
| 1st stopover | Brasília International Airport, Brasília |
| 2nd stopover | Santa Genoveva Airport, Goiânia |
| 3rd stopover | Confins International Airport, Belo Horizonte |
| Destination | Galeão International Airport, Rio de Janeiro |
| Passengers | 98 plus 1 hijacker |
| Crew | 7 |
| Fatalities | 1 (1 crew) |
| Injuries | 3 (1 crew, 1 flight attendant, 1 hijacker) |
| Survivors | 104 (All passengers, 6 crew, 1 hijacker) |
Fernando Murilo de Lima e Silva, the pilot who avoided the tragedy, was honored in October 2001 by the National Aeronaut Union and received the Aeronautical Highlight trophy for avoiding the death of the nearly 100 passengers aboard the flight.
Hijacking
By the end of the 1980s, Brazil faced a poor economic phase with high unemployment and inflation. Raimundo Nonato Alves da Conceição, who was from a poor family and had recently lost his job, decided to punish those who thought he was guilty of the bad situation he and the country were going through: the then President of the Republic, José Sarney, launching an airplane against the Planalto Palace, where the Presidential Office is located. Raimundo bought a 32-caliber revolver and boarded VASP flight 375. It is important to note that at the time, X-ray machines and metal detectors were not used to check baggage at Confins Airport, which allowed free passage of the passenger.
The aircraft was a Boeing 737-3L9 (manufacturers serial number 23176, Boeing line number 1213, registration PP-SNT). It was manufactured in 1986. It was sold to CP Air in April 1986, after he was delivered to VASP, Guinness Peat Aviation, Morris Air Service and ultimately ending up in the fleet of U.S carrier Southwest Airlines. Southwest stopped service of the aircraft under the registration N698SW in 2013, owing to severe damage and scrapped in Greenwood Airport since then.
The flight, which came from Porto Velho and stopped at Belo Horizonte, took off at 10:42 am and about 20 minutes after takeoff, with the plane already in the air space of Rio de Janeiro, Raimundo Nonato announced the hijacking: said he wanted to enter in the cockpit and shot Ronaldo Dias, a flight attendant, when he tried to stop him. He fired several times at the cockpit door, broke it open, and went inside. Upon entering, Raimundo shot the flight engineer, Gilberto Renher, who had his leg fractured by the shot. Without the hijacker, pilot Fernando Murilo de Lima e Silva called for the transponder code 7500, which in the language of aeronautics indicates illegal interference (Hijacking). While attempting to answer Cindacta's radio response, co-pilot Salvador Evangelista was shot by the hijacker and died instantly. Raimundo then pointed the revolver at the pilot and demanded that the aircraft be diverted immediately to Brasília. Raimundo eventually gave up throwing the plane against the Planalto Palace, but prevented the pilot from landing the plane with almost no fuel at Brasília International Airport or at Anápolis Air Force Base. When he approached Goiânia, the pilot made two acrobatic maneuvers (a "tonneau" and a bolt) that were witnessed by a Mirage III fighter. It was successful in the second maneuver, which allowed a quick landing at Santa Genoveva Airport at 1:45 pm. On land, the hijacking and negotiations continued for several hours. The hijacker even demanded a smaller plane to flee, but around 7:00 pm, when he was descending the flight ladder using the pilot as a shield, he was shot three times by the elite Brazil Federal Police team. He died two days later, a victim of Sickle-cell disease, unrelated to the shots, according to the coroner Fortunato Badan Palhares.