USS President Polk (AP-103)
USS President Polk (AP-103) was a President Jackson-class attack transport in the service of the United States Navy during World War II.
.jpg) USS President Polk (AP-103) | |
| History | |
|---|---|
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| Name: |
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| Namesake: | US President James Polk |
| Builder: | Newport News Shipbuilding |
| Laid down: | 7 October 1940 |
| Launched: | 28 June 1941 |
| Sponsored by: | Miss Patricia Kennedy |
| Acquired: | (by the Navy): 6 September 1943 |
| Commissioned: | 4 October 1943 |
| Decommissioned: | 26 January 1946 |
| Stricken: | 25 February 1946 |
| Identification: | MCV Hull Type C3-P&C, MCV Hull No. 110 |
| Honours and awards: | Six battle stars for World War II service |
| Fate: | Scrapped at Kaohsiung, Taiwan 1970[1] |
| General characteristics | |
| Class and type: | President Jackson-class attack transport |
| Displacement: | 9,000 tons (lt), 11,760 t. (fl) |
| Length: | 491 ft 10 in (149.91 m) |
| Beam: | 63 ft (19 m) |
| Draft: | 25 ft 10 in (7.87 m) |
| Propulsion: |
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| Speed: | 18 knots (33 km/h; 21 mph) |
| Capacity: | Unknown |
| Complement: | 354 |
| Armament: |
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President Polk was laid down by the Newport News Shipbuilding and Drydock Company of Newport News, Virginia (MC hull 110) 7 October 1940; launched 28 June 1941; sponsored by Miss Patricia Kennedy.[2] The ship was delivered to American President Lines (APL) in 1941 when she began operating as of 5 December as SS President Polk, a transport under government charter in the Pacific reinforcing Pacific bases, until 6 September 1943 when the ship was requisitioned and acquired by the Navy for conversion to a troop ship.[1] The ship commissioned as USS President Polk (AP-103) at San Diego 4 October 1943, Commander Clarence J. Ballreich in command.[2] After the war she was returned to APL for commercial operations.[1]
World War II
War Shipping Administration transport
Shortly after delivery in 1941 the SS President Polk began operating under government charter to supply and reinforce Pacific bases. The ship was then acquired by the War Shipping Administration (WSA) on 5 December 1941 with American President Lines operating the ship as WSA's agent.[3][4]
In a particularly critical delivery the ship was diverted from a planned shipment to Hawaii and departed San Francisco on 19 December 1941 along with a tanker and two freighters with arrival in Brisbane, Australia on 12 January 1942. There she delivered 55 P-40E and 4 C-53 aircraft including 55 pilots, 20 million .30 caliber, 447,000 .50 caliber, 30,000 three-inch AA and 5,000 75 mm rounds of ammunition along with five carloads of torpedoes, over 615,000 pounds of rations and 178 officers and men in addition to the pilots.[5][6] From Brisbane Polk, making a stop at Townsville, sailed to Soerabaja arriving on 30 January with ammunition, bombs, airplanes, and rations for forces in Java. Of eight vessels planned for relief of Java, and indirectly the Philippines, only Polk and the chartered Dutch vessel Bloemfontein, one of the Pensacola convoy vessels, arrived before that island fell on 9 March.[7]
Polk transported elements of the 7th Naval Construction Battalion composed of 7 officers and 433 enlisted men departing American Samoa 6 August 1942 arriving Espiritu Santo, New Hebrides on 11 August. The other element, 15 officers and 465 enlisted men, were embarked aboard USS Wharton.[8]
United States Navy
After acquisition 6 September 1943 and conversion by the Navy the ship was assigned to the Naval Transportation Service. USS President Polk loaded construction battalion men and cargo at Port Hueneme, California and sailed 12 October 1943 for Pearl Harbor.[3][2]
Invasions of Tarawa and Kwajalein
On 16 November 1943 she got underway for the invasion of Tarawa, Gilbert Islands, where she unloaded her troops and cargo and then stood by as casualty receiving ship. Returning to Pearl Harbor 11 December, she weighed anchor again 22 January 1944 to carry troops to Kwajalein in the Marshall Islands. Again used as an emergency hospital ship, she carried casualties to San Francisco, 24 February, then got underway with troops and cargo for New Caledonia, in the Solomon Islands, and the Admiralty Islands.[2]
Invasion of Leyte
In July she carried reinforcements to Guam and again sailed east with wounded personnel, arriving at Pearl Harbor 11 August and continuing on to California where she took on personnel and cargo for New Guinea. Arriving at Milne Bay 6 November, she loaded passengers and cargo, then proceeded to Bougainville Island to prepare for the invasion of Luzon. Disembarking troops on the Lingayen assault beaches, 11 January 1945, she ferried reinforcements from Leyte, then sailed to Ulithi to take on Marines at Iwo Jima and return them to Hawaii. Thence she steamed to San Francisco, took on fresh troops, and headed west to Okinawa 24 July.[2]
After hostilities
V-J Day found her in Apra Harbor, Guam, whence she returned to San Francisco. Next, she transported troops from Seattle to Tinian, reported for Operation Magic Carpet 13 October, and completed runs from Espiritu Santo and Manila to San Francisco before the end of the year. USS President Polk, with six battle stars for her World War II service, decommissioned and was transferred to the War Shipping Administration for return to her owner 26 January 1946, President Polk was struck from the Navy List 25 February 1946.[2]
Post War Commercial Service
American President Lines placed SS President Polk in its round-the-world trade until 15 July 1965 when the ship was sold to Ganaderos del Mar, renamed Gaucho Martin Fierro and in 1966, under the same owner again renamed Minotauros. In 1970 the ship was scrapped at Kaohsiung, Taiwan.[1]
Notes
- APL Shipping.
- DANFS.
- Maritime Administration Ship History & President Polk.
- APL Shipping. "APL History—Timeline 1940". APL History. APL Shipping. Archived from the original on 17 January 2013. Retrieved 13 May 2013.
- Williford 2010, p. 257.
- Leighton & Coakley 1995, p. 150.
- Masterson 1949, p. 26.
- 7th Naval Construction Battalion, 7th Naval Construction Battalion—Historical Information (PDF), Washington, D.C.: Naval History And Heritage Command
References
- APL Shipping. "History – 1939–46 Vessel Statistics". APL History. APL Shipping. Retrieved 13 May 2013.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
- Naval History & Heritage Command. "President Polk". Dictionary of American Naval Fighting Ships. Naval History & Heritage Command. Retrieved 13 May 2013.
- Photo gallery of USS President Polk (AP-103) at NavSource Naval History
- Leighton, Richard M; Coakley, Robert W (1995). The War Department – Global Logistics And Strategy 1940–1943. United States Army in World War II. Washington, DC: Center of Military History, United States Army. LCCN 55060001.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
- Maritime Administration. "President Polk". Ship History Database Vessel Status Card. U.S. Department of Transportation, Maritime Administration. Retrieved 29 June 2014.
- Masterson, Dr. James R. (1949). U. S. Army Transportation in the Southwest Pacific Area 1941–1947. Washington, D. C.: Transportation Unit, Historical Division, Special Staff, U. S. Army.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
- Williford, Glen (2010). Racing the Sunrise—Reinforcing America's Pacific Outposts 1941–1942. Annapolis, Maryland: Naval Institute Press. ISBN 978-1-59114-956-9. LCCN 2010030455.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)