Trần Độ

Trần Độ (1923–2002) was a Vietnamese politician and Lieutenant General of the People's Army of Vietnam. He was expelled from the Communist Party of Vietnam due to his opposing and critical opinions of the party and the state of Vietnam, particularly during post-Vietnam War.[1]

In this Vietnamese name, the family name is Trần. According to Vietnamese custom, this person should properly be referred to by the given name Độ.
Trần Độ
Vice Chairman of the 8th National Assembly of Vietnam
In office
19 April 1987 – 19 July 1992
ChairmanLê Quang Đạo
Head of the Central Commission on Culture
In office
1986–1989
Preceded byHà Xuân Trường
Succeeded byTrần Trọng Tân (as Head of the Central Ideology and Culture Department)
In office
1980–1982
Preceded byposition created
Succeeded byHà Xuân Trường
Deputy Minister of Culture
In office
1976–1980
MinisterNguyễn Văn Hiếu
Deputy Head of the Central Propaganda Commission
In office
1976–1980
HeadTố Hữu
Vice Chief of the General Department of Politics of the People's Army of Vietnam
In office
1974–1976
ChiefSong Hào
Vice political commissar of the Central Military Commission for South Vietnam
In office
October 1963 – 1975
Personal details
Born
Tạ Ngọc Phách

(1923-09-23)23 September 1923
Tây Giang, Tiền Hải, Thái Bình, French Indochina
Died9 August 2002(2002-08-09) (aged 78)
Hanoi, Vietnam
Political partyCommunist Party of Vietnam (Expelled on 4 January 1999)
AwardsOrder of Ho Chi Minh
Military Exploit Order (1st class, 3rd class)
Military service
Nickname(s)Chín Vinh (nom de guerre)
AllegianceVietnam
Provisional Revolutionary Government of the Republic of South Vietnam
Branch/servicePeople's Liberation Armed Forces of South Vietnam
Years of service1941-1986
Rank Lieutenant General
Battles/warsVietnam War

Biography

His real name was Tạ Ngọc Phách. He grew up in Thái Bình Province. His father worked for bureau of interpretation in Hanoi, a quite high social status.

In 1939, he became a journalist in Hanoi. He was captured by the French that year but then released due to lack of evidence.[2]

He joined the Communist Party of Vietnam in 1940. At the end of 1941, he was captured again. This time, he was sentenced to 15 years imprison. Late 1941, from Hoa Lo (Hanoi), he was exiled to Sơn La. Here, he was in prison with Lê Đức Thọ, Xuân Thuỷ,... In 1943, on prison move to Côn Đảo, he escaped, continuing revolution activity. He led the protest in and started his military career.[3] He had went south to join the Central Office for South Vietnam and served as the commander during the Tet Offensive assault upon Saigon.

Activities in military

1946 - He was a leader of Hanoi in the field of National Defense against the French.

1950 - Major General

1964 - He went to South Viet Nam to set up military for war with Vietnam Republic, being the deputy command-in-chief.

1974 - Lieutenant General

1974 to 1976 - Vice President of Central Commission of Politics.

Reform view

As a leader of national culture (after the war, he worked in the culture section), he wanted to give it more freedom. He is aware that culture without freedom is dead and culture with only propaganda is also dead. The more control, the more deadly culture is and the rarer valuable masterpiece.

In terms of Communist Party leadership, he said:" I advocate the leadership role of the Party. However, leadership does not mean dictatorship. History shows that every dictatorship will eventually end up in corruption, rotten society and Party itself."

In his opinion, the underlying cause of negative phenomenon in the Party and the society is partly due to the absolute rule of Communist Party.

He insisted that: Communist Party must give up dictator regime, give power to the national assembly, government. There must be laws allowing freedom for a new party, freedom of speech, journalism laws, publishing. Election laws, forgo the decision jusridiction of the Party.

It is this opinion that resulted in his expulsion from the party.

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References
  1. "Nhìn lại lập trường của Tướng Trần Độ". BBC News Tiếng Việt (in Vietnamese). Retrieved 17 June 2018.
  2. "Nhìn lại lập trường của Tướng Trần Độ". BBC News Tiếng Việt (in Vietnamese). Retrieved 17 June 2018.
  3. "Vietnam: A Television History; Tet, 1968; Interview with Tran Do, 1981". openvault.wgbh.org. Retrieved 17 June 2018.
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