Toghon (son of Kublai)
Toghon (Mongolian: Тогоон, Chinese: 脫歡, Vietnamese: Thoát Hoan, ?–1301), also Toghan or Togon, was the ninth son of Kublai Khan, founder of the Yuan dynasty.
| Toghon | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Prince Zhennan | |||||
| Born | ? | ||||
| Died | 1301 Yangzhou | ||||
| Spouse | An Tư | ||||
| Issue | Laozhang, Prince Zhennan (鎮南王 老章) Togh Bukha, Prince Zhennan (鎮南王 脫不花) Kuanchepuhua, Prince Weishun (威順王 寬徹普化) Temür Bukha, Prince Xuanrang (宣讓王 帖木兒不花) Mangi, Prince Wenji (文濟王 蠻子), Budashiri, Prince Xuande (宣德王 不答失里)[1] | ||||
| |||||
| Father | Kublai Khan | ||||
| Mother | ? | ||||
He was granted the title Prince Zhennan (鎮南王, Vietnamese: Trấn Nam vương "Prince of South Suppressing") and moved his household to Ezhou in 1284. [2]
In the next year, he was dispatched to conquer Champa. He demanded from Đại Việt (mordern Vietnam) a route to Champa, which would trap the Champan army from both north and south, but it was rejected by retired emperor Trần Thánh Tông, whom was the de facto ruler of Đại Việt. As a result, Toghon decided to attack Đại Việt. At first he won several victories and captured Thăng Long, the capital of Đại Việt. Trần Thánh Tông had to offer princess An Tư to him to slow down the pace of the Mongol army. Later he was defeated by Trần Hưng Đạo and fled back to Huguang province.[3]
In 1287, he invaded Vietnam again, but, the Mongol Navy was overwhelmed by Trần dynasty in Bạch Đằng river, and he retreated. This ashamed his father who no longer wished to see him again. He moved to Yangzhou in 1291, where he died 10 years later.[2]