Timeline of respiratory therapy

Ancient period

Eighteenth Century (1700s)
  • 1771: (US) Carl Scheele (1742–1786) makes "fire air" (oxygen) by heating magnesium oxide. His findings are published in June 1774.
  • 1774: (US) Joseph Priestley (1733–1804), credited with the discovery of oxygen, publishes his work on "dephlogisticated air" oxygen 3 months after a report by Carl Scheele.

Nineteenth Century (1800s)
  • 1816: (US) Rene T.H. Laennec (1776–1856) invents the stethoscope for chest auscultation and lays the foundation for modern pulmonology with his book Diseases of the Chest.
  • 1860: (US) Bunsen and Kirchhoff invent the spectrometer.[1]
  • 1860: (US) Stokes and Hoppe-Seyler demonstrate the oxygen transport function of hemoglobin.[1]
  • 1897: (DE) Gustav Killian performs the first bronchoscopy in Germany.
  • 1899: (US) Dr. Thomas Willis defines specific Asthma symptoms for diagnosis.[2]

Twentieth Century (1900s)

1900-1920
  • 1908: (US) George Poe demonstrated his mechanical respirator by asphyxiating dogs and seemingly bringing them back to life.
  • 1918: Oxygen masks are used to treat combat-induced pulmonary edema.[3]

1920-1940
  • 1928: Phillip Drinker develops the "iron lung" negative pressure ventilator.[3]
  • 1935: Carl Matthes invented the first noninvasive oximeter employing an ear probe.[1]

1940-1960
  • 1943: Dr. Edwin R. Levine, MD began training technicians in basic inhalation therapy for post-surgical patients.
  • 1946: (US) Dr Levine and his technicians formed the Inhalation Therapy Association.
  • 1954: (US) March 16, 1954 the ITA is renamed the American Association of Inhalation Therapists (AAIT).
  • 1966: (US) February 1966, the ITA was again renamed the American Association for Inhalation Therapy (still, AAIT).
  • 1956: (US) The AAIT begins publishing a science journal, Inhalation Therapy (now RESPIRATORY CARE).
  • 1960: (US)In October 1960 The American Registry of Inhalation Therapists (ARIT) is formed to oversee examinations for formal credentialing for people in the field.

1960-1980
  • 1961: (US) Sister Mary Yvonne Jenn becomes the first Registered Respiratory Therapist[3]
  • 1961: Metaproterenol, the beta-2 bronchodilator is introduced.[3]
  • 1964: (CA) The Canadian Society of Respiratory Therapists (CSRT) is founded in 1964 as the Canadian Society of Inhalation Therapy Technicians.
  • 1970: (US) In 1970 The Board of Schools of Inhalation Therapy Technicians became the Joint Review Committee for Respiratory Therapy Education (JRCRTE).
  • 1971: (US) Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) is introduced by Gregory.[3]
  • 1971: (US) The journal Inhalation Therapy is renamed to Respiratory Care.
  • 1974: (US) The two US credentialing programs merge into a single credentialing organization called the National Board for Respiratory Therapy (NBRT) in 1974.
  • 1980: (US) President Jimmy Carter proclaimed the first Cystic Fibrosis Awareness Week. (July 22)

1980-2000
  • 1982: (US) California passes the first modern licensure lawgoverning the profession of respiratory care.
  • 1982: (US) In 1982 President Ronald Reagan proclaimed the first National Respiratory Care Week.
  • 1986: (US) In 1986 the NBRT is renamed the National Board for Respiratory Care (NBRC).[4]
  • 1998: (US) The JRCRTE evolves into the Committee on Accreditation for Respiratory Care (CoARC).

Twenty-First Century (2000s)
  • 2000: (US) Respiratory Care journal is accepted into Index Medicus and its online counterpart, the MEDLINE service.
  • 2004: (US) Vermont becomes the 48th state to pass a Respiratory Care Act, effectively bringing legal credentialing to all 48 contiguous states in the United States.
  • 2010: (US) On December 14, 2010 the National Commission for Certifying Agencies (NCCA) grants accreditation to the Sleep Disorders Specialty Examination. The CRT-SDS and RRT-SDS.[5]
  • 2011: (US) In July, 2011 the NBRC creates the Adult Critical Care Specialty for Registered Respiratory Therapists (RRT-ACCS).
  • 2011: (US) In 2011 the State of Hawaii became the 49th state in the United States to create a Board of Respiratory Care and enacting a Respiratory Care Act.[6]
  • 2012: (US) In April, 2012 the Office of Regulation in the State of Michigan recommends the de-regulation of the respiratory therapy profession.[7]
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References
  1. Severinghaus JW, Astrup PB (1986). "History of blood gas analysis. VI. Oximetry". J Clin Monit. 2 (4): 270–88. PMID 3537215.
  2. March 25, 1899 edition of The Lancet, "Bronchitis, Pulmonary Emphysema, and Asthma"
  3. Ward JJ, Helmholtz HF: Roots of the respiratory care profession. In Burton GG, Hodgkin JE, Ward JJ, editors: Respiratory care: a guide to clinical practice, ed 4, Philadelphia, 1997, Lippincott.
  4. http://www.aarc.com%5B%5D American Association of Respiratory Care
  5. Sleep Disorders Specialty Examination Receives NCCA Accreditation Press Release, http://nbrc.org
  6. "Hawaii Revised Statutes Chapter 466D-RespiratoryTherapists" http://hawaii.gov/dcca/pvl/hrs/HRS466D.pdf; July 2011
  7. "Office of Regulatory Reinvention Issues Recommendations to Deregulate 18 Occupations; Eliminate 9 Boards" (Press release). Michigan Licensing and Regulatory Affairs. April 16, 2012. Archived from the original on 2012-04-20. Retrieved April 21, 2012. The Office of Regulatory Reinvention Made 63 Recommendations to Governor Snyder for Improving Michigan's Occupational Licensing Regulations
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