Third Lubbers cabinet

Third Lubbers cabinet
*Lubbers–Kok cabinet*
Third Lubbers cabinet ; Lubbers–Kok cabinet
	; 61st Cabinet of the Netherlands
	The installation of the Third Lubbers cabinet on 7 November 1989
Date formed	7 November 1989
Date dissolved	22 August 1994 ; (Demissionary from 10 May 1994)
People and organisations
Head of state	Queen Beatrix
Head of government	Ruud Lubbers
Deputy head of government	Wim Kok
No. of ministers	14
Total no. of members	19
Member party	Christian Democratic Appeal ; (CDA) ; Labour Party ; (PvdA)
Status in legislature	Grand coalition (Centre)
Opposition party	People's Party for ; Freedom and Democracy
Opposition leader	Joris Voorhoeve (1989–1990) ; Frits Bolkestein (1990–1994)
History
Election(s)	1989 election
Outgoing election	1994 election
Legislature term(s)	1989–1994
Incoming formation	1989 formation
Outgoing formation	1994 formation
Predecessor	Second Lubbers cabinet
Successor	First Kok cabinet

The Third Lubbers cabinet, also called the Lubbers–Kok cabinet was the cabinet of the Netherlands from 7 November 1989 to 22 August 1994. The cabinet was formed by the political parties Christian Democratic Appeal (CDA) and Labour Party (PvdA) after the election of 1989. The centre grand coalition cabinet was a majority government in the House of Representatives. It was the last of three cabinets of Ruud Lubbers, the Leader of the Christian Democratic Appeal as Prime Minister, with Wim Kok the Leader of the Labour Party serving as Deputy Prime Minister.[1]

Term

The cabinet was formed with a view to social reform. This was impossible because of the then bad shape of the Dutch economy, which made large reductions in government spending necessary. The reduction of the social care for disabled people led to the demonstrations against the Dutch government in 1992. Many angry socialists left the Labour Party. The coalition lost heavily during the elections of 1994.

Changes

On 18 September 1990 Minister of Agriculture, Nature and Fisheries Gerrit Braks (CDA) resigned after the Labour Party in the House of Representatives indicated that they had lost confidence in his ability to remain in office after strongly disagreeing in his animal welfare and fraud policy. Minister of Social Affairs and Employment Bert de Vries (CDA) served as acting Minister of Agriculture, Nature and Fisheries until 28 September 1990 when State Secretary for Economic Affairs Piet Bukman (CDA) was appointed as Minister of Agriculture, Nature and Fisheries. That same day Member of the House of Representatives Yvonne van Rooy (CDA), the former State Secretary for Economic Affairs was installed as his successor as State Secretary for Economic Affairs. That same day the function of State Secretary of Agriculture, Nature and Fisheries was re-implemented, Mayor of Haaksbergen Dzsingisz Gabor (CDA) was sworn in and assigned the portfolios of environmental policy, nature policy and agricultural management.

On 3 January 1993 Minister for Foreign Affairs Hans van den Broek (CDA) resigned after he was appointed as European Commissioner for External Relations and Enlargement. That same day Pieter Kooijmans (CDA), a former State Secretary for Foreign Affairs who until then had been working as a professor of International law at the Leiden University was appointed as his successor.

On 1 June 1993 State Secretary for Defence Berend-Jan van Voorst tot Voorst (CDA) resigned after he was appointed as Queen's Commissioner of Limburg. That same day Member of the House of Representatives Ton Frinking (CDA) succeed him.

On 5 June 1993 State Secretary for Social Affairs and Employment Elske ter Veld (PvdA) resigned after gaining insufficient support from her own Labour Party in the House of Representatives for a new widow's pension act. On 9 June 1993 State Secretary for Education and Sciences Jacques Wallage (PvdA) was appointed as her successor. That same day Roel in 't Veld (PvdA), who until then had been working as a professor of Public administration at the Erasmus University Rotterdam was installed as his successor as State Secretary for Education and Sciences. On 19 June 1993 just 10 days after taking office Roel in 't Veld resigned after he was discredited due to additional positions he held when he was a professor. On 2 July 1993 Job Cohen (PvdA), who until then had been working as rector magnificus of the State University of Limburg and as a professor of Jurisprudence was appointed as his successor.

On 10 January 1994 Minister of the Interior Ien Dales (PvdA) unexpectedly died from a heart Attack at the age of 62. Minister of Justice Ernst Hirsch Ballin (CDA) served as acting Minister of the Interior until 18 January 1994 when Mayor of Amsterdam Ed van Thijn (PvdA) was installed as her successor.

On 26 February 1994 State Secretary for Welfare, Health and Culture Hans Simons (PvdA) resigned after he was appointed as a alderman in Rotterdam, because the cabinet was already nearing the end of its term he was not replaced.

On 27 May 1994 Minister of the Interior Ed van Thijn (PvdA) and Minister of Justice Ernst Hirsch Ballin (CDA) resigned over illegal interrogation techniques used by the police. They were succeeded by their State Secretaries, Dieuwke de Graaff-Nauta (CDA) became Minister of the Interior and Aad Kosto (PvdA) became Minister of Justice.

Due to the installment of a new European Parliament, several members resigned their functions to become members of this new parliament on 16 July 1994 and because the cabinet was already demissionary their portfolios were assigned to other ministers. The portfolio of Minister of Transport and Water Management was added to Minister of Economic Affairs Koos Andriessen (CDA), The portfolio of Minister of Welfare, Health and Culture was added to Minister of for Education and Sciences Jo Ritzen (PvdA).

Cabinet Members

Ministers		Title/Ministry		Term of office	Party
	Ruud Lubbers (1939–2018)	Prime Minister	General Affairs	4 November 1982 – 22 Augustus 1994 ^[Retained]	Christian Democratic Appeal
	Wim Kok (1938–2018)	Deputy Prime Minister / Minister	Finance	7 November 1989 – 22 Augustus 1994	Labour Party
	Ien Dales (1931–1994)	Minister	Interior	7 November 1989 – 10 January 1994 ^[Died]	Labour Party
	Dr. Ernst Hirsch Ballin (born 1950)			10 January 1994 – 18 January 1994 ^{[Ad interim]}	Christian Democratic Appeal
	Ed van Thijn (born 1934)			18 January 1994 – 27 May 1994 ^[Res]	Labour Party
	Dieuwke de Graaff-Nauta (1930–2008)			27 May 1994 – 22 Augustus 1994	Christian Democratic Appeal
	Hans van den Broek (born 1936)	Minister	Foreign Affairs	4 November 1982 – 3 January 1993 ^[Retained] ^[Appt]	Christian Democratic Appeal
	Dr. Pieter Kooijmans (1933–2013)	Minister	Foreign Affairs	3 January 1993 – 22 Augustus 1994	Christian Democratic Appeal
	Dr. Ernst Hirsch Ballin (born 1950)	Minister	Justice	7 November 1989 – 27 May 1994 ^[Res]	Christian Democratic Appeal
	Aad Kosto (born 1938)	Minister	Justice	27 May 1994 – 22 August 1994	Labour Party
	Dr. Koos Andriessen (1928–2019)	Minister	Economic Affairs	7 November 1989 – 22 Augustus 1994	Christian Democratic Appeal
	Relus ter Beek (1944–2008)	Minister	Defence	7 November 1989 – 6 February 1991 ^[Note]	Labour Party
	Jan Pronk (born 1940)			6 February 1991 – 3 March 1991 ^{[Ad interim]}	Labour Party
	Relus ter Beek (1944–2008)			3 March 1991 – 22 August 1994	Labour Party
	Hedy d'Ancona (born 1937)	Minister	Welfare, Health and Culture	7 November 1989 – 16 July 1994 ^[Res]	Labour Party
	Dr. Jo Ritzen (born 1945)	Minister	Welfare, Health and Culture	16 July 1994 – 22 August 1994 ^{[Ad interim]}	Labour Party
	Dr. Jo Ritzen (born 1945)	Minister	Education and Sciences	7 November 1989 – 3 August 1998	Labour Party
	Dr. Bert de Vries (born 1938)	Minister	Social Affairs and Employment	7 November 1989 – 22 Augustus 1994	Christian Democratic Appeal
	Hanja Maij-Weggen (born 1943)	Minister	Transport and Water Management	7 November 1989 – 16 July 1994 ^[Res]	Christian Democratic Appeal
	Dr. Koos Andriessen (1928–2019)	Minister	Transport and Water Management	16 July 1994 – 22 August 1994 ^{[Ad interim]}	Christian Democratic Appeal
	Gerrit Braks (1933–2017)	Minister	Agriculture, Nature and Fisheries	4 November 1982 – 18 September 1990 ^[Retained] ^[Res]	Christian Democratic Appeal
	Dr. Bert de Vries (born 1938)			18 September 1990 – 28 September 1990 ^{[Ad interim]}	Christian Democratic Appeal
	Piet Bukman (born 1934)			28 September 1990 – 22 August 1994	Christian Democratic Appeal
	Hans Alders (born 1952)	Minister	Housing, Spatial Planning and the Environment	7 November 1989 – 22 August 1994	Labour Party
Ministers without portfolio		Title/Portfolio/Ministry		Term of office	Party
	Jan Pronk (born 1940)	Minister	Development Cooperation (within Foreign Affairs)	7 November 1989 – 3 August 1998	Labour Party
	Ruud Lubbers (1939–2018)	Minister	Netherlands Antilles and Aruba Affairs (within Interior)	7 November 1989 – 14 November 1989 ^{[Ad interim]}	Christian Democratic Appeal
	Dr. Ernst Hirsch Ballin (born 1950)			14 November 1989 – 27 May 1994 ^[Res]	Christian Democratic Appeal
	Ruud Lubbers (1939–2018)			27 May 1994 – 22 August 1994	Christian Democratic Appeal
State Secretaries		Title/Portfolio/Ministry		Term of office	Party
	Dieuwke de Graaff-Nauta (1930–2008)	State Secretary	• Provincial Government Affairs • Local Government Affairs • Government Reform • Emergency Services • Disaster Management (within Interior)	14 July 1986 – 27 May 1994 ^[Retained] ^[Appt]	Christian Democratic Appeal
	Piet Dankert (1934–2003)	State Secretary	• European Affairs • NATO Affairs • Benelux Affairs (within Foreign Affairs)	7 November 1989 – 16 July 1994 ^[Res]	Labour Party
	Marius van Amelsvoort (1930–2006)	State Secretary	• Fiscal Affairs • Tax and Customs Administration • Local Government Finances • State Lottery (within Finance)	7 November 1989 – 22 August 1994	Christian Democratic Appeal
	Aad Kosto (born 1938)	State Secretary	• Integration • Immigration • Asylum Affairs • Family Law • Youth Justice • Copyright Law • Rehabilitation • Prevention • Minority Affairs (within Justice)	7 November 1989 – 27 May 1994 ^[Appt]	Labour Party
	Piet Bukman (born 1934)	State Secretary	• International Trade • Export Promotion • Retail Policy • Competition Policy • Regional Development • Consumer Protection • Tourism Affairs (within Economic Affairs)	7 November 1989 – 28 September 1990 ^[Appt]	Christian Democratic Appeal
	Yvonne van Rooy (born 1951)	State Secretary		28 September 1990 – 22 August 1994	Christian Democratic Appeal
	Baron Berend-Jan van Voorst tot Voorst (born 1944)	State Secretary	• Equipment Policy • Military Justice • Veteran Affairs (within Defence)	7 November 1989 – 1 June 1993 ^[Appt]	Christian Democratic Appeal
	Ton Frinking (born 1931)	State Secretary		1 June 1993 – 22 August 1994	Christian Democratic Appeal
	Hans Simons (1947–2019)	State Secretary	• Youth Policy • Elderly Policy • Disability Affairs (within Welfare, Health and Culture)	7 November 1989 – 26 February 1994 ^[Res]	Labour Party
	Elske ter Veld (1944–2017)	State Secretary	• Social Security • Unemployment Affairs • Occupational Safety • Social Services • Poverty Policy • Equality • Emancipation (within Social Affairs and Employment)	7 November 1989 – 4 June 1993 ^[Res]	Labour Party
	Jacques Wallage (born 1946)	State Secretary		9 June 1993 – 22 August 1994	Labour Party
	Jacques Wallage (born 1946)	State Secretary	• Primary Education • Secondary Education • Special Education (within Education and Sciences)	7 November 1989 – 9 June 1993 ^[Appt]	Labour Party
	Dr. Roel in 't Veld (born 1942)		• Secondary Education • Higher Education • Science Policy (within Education and Sciences)	9 June 1993 – 19 June 1993 ^[Res]	Labour Party
	Dr. Job Cohen (born 1947)		• Higher Education • Special Education • Adult Education • Science Policy (within Education and Sciences)	2 July 1993 – 22 August 1994	Labour Party
	Dzsingisz Gabor (born 1940)	State Secretary	• Environmental Policy • Nature Policy • Agricultural Management • Food Policy • Rural Development • Environmental Remediation • Fisheries • Forestry • Animal Welfare (within Agriculture, Nature and Fisheries)	28 September 1990 – 22 August 1994	Christian Democratic Appeal
	Enneüs Heerma (1944–1999)	State Secretary	• Urban Planning • Public Housing • Spatial Planning (within Housing, Spatial Planning and the Environment)	27 October 1986 – 22 August 1994 ^[Retained]	Christian Democratic Appeal
Source: (in Dutch) Kabinet-Lubbers III Rijksoverheid

^Retained Retained this position from the previous cabinet.

^Res Resigned.

^{Ad interim} Served ad interim.

^Died Died in office.

^Appt Appointment: Hans van den Broek appointed European Commissioner; Dieuwke de Graaff-Nauta appointed Minister of the Interior; Aad Kosto appointed Minister of Justice; Piet Bukman appointed Minister of Agriculture, Nature and Fisheries; Berend-Jan van Voorst tot Voorst appointed Queen's Commissioners of Limburg; Jacques Wallage appointed State Secretary for Social Affairs and Employment.

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References

"Rendement van een jaar kabinet Lubbers/Kok: 9,9 miljard voornieuw beleid" (in Dutch). NRC Handelsblad. 18 September 1990. Retrieved 13 February 2018.

External links

Official

(in Dutch) Kabinet-Lubbers III Parlement & Politiek
(in Dutch) Kabinet-Lubbers III Rijksoverheid

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[1] "Rendement van een jaar kabinet Lubbers/Kok: 9,9 miljard voornieuw beleid" (in Dutch). NRC Handelsblad. 18 September 1990. Retrieved 13 February 2018.

[Retained]

[Died]

[Ad interim

[Res]

[Appt]

[Note]

Third Lubbers cabinet (1989–1994)
Preceded by: Second Lubbers cabinet Succeeded by: First Kok cabinet
Prime Minister	Ruud Lubbers (General Affairs)
Deputy Prime Minister	Wim Kok (Finance)
Ministers	Ien Dales (Interior) (1989–1994) (†) Ernst Hirsch Ballin (Interior) (Ad interim) Ed van Thijn (Interior) (1994) Dieuwke de Graaff-Nauta (Interior) (from 1994) Hans van den Broek (Foreign Affairs) (1989–1993) Pieter Kooijmans (Foreign Affairs) (from 1993) Ernst Hirsch Ballin (Justice) (1989–1994) Aad Kosto (Justice) (from 1994) Koos Andriessen (Economic Affairs) Relus ter Beek (Defence) Hedy d'Ancona (Welfare, Health and Culture) (1989–1994) Jo Ritzen (Welfare, Health and Culture) (Ad interim) Bert de Vries (Social Affairs and Employment) Jo Ritzen (Education and Sciences) Hanja Maij-Weggen (Transport and Water Management) (1989–1994) Koos Andriessen (Transport and Water Management) (Ad interim) Gerrit Braks (Agriculture, Nature and Fisheries) (1989–1990) Bert de Vries (Agriculture, Nature and Fisheries) (Ad interim) Piet Bukman (Agriculture, Nature and Fisheries) (from 1990) Hans Alders (Housing, Spatial Planning and the Environment)
Ministers without portfolio	Ruud Lubbers (Netherlands Antilles and Aruba Affairs) (Ad interim) Ernst Hirsch Ballin (Netherlands Antilles and Aruba Affairs) (1989–1994) Ruud Lubbers (Netherlands Antilles and Aruba Affairs) (from 1994) Jan Pronk (Development Cooperation)
State Secretaries	Dieuwke de Graaff-Nauta (Interior) (1989–1994) Piet Dankert (Foreign Affairs) Marius van Amelsvoort (Finance) Aad Kosto (Justice) (1989–1994) Piet Bukman (Economic Affairs) (1989–1990) Yvonne van Rooy (Economic Affairs) (from 1990) Berend-Jan van Voorst tot Voorst (Defence) (1989–1993) Ton Frinking (Defence) (from 1993) Hans Simons (Welfare, Health and Culture) Elske ter Veld (Social Affairs and Employment) (1989–1993) Jacques Wallage (Social Affairs and Employment) (from 1993) Jacques Wallage (Education and Science) (1989–1993) Roel in 't Veld (Education and Science) (1993) Job Cohen (Education and Science) (from 1993) Dzsingisz Gabor (Agriculture, Nature and Fisheries) Enneüs Heerma (Housing, Spatial Planning and the Environment)