Thelymitra macrophylla

Thelymitra macrophylla, commonly called the large-leafed sun orchid[1] or scented sun orchid,[2] is a species of orchid in the family Orchidaceae and is endemic to the south-west of Western Australia. It has a single thick, broad, leathery leaf and up to twenty five relatively large dark blue to purplish flowers with white, toothbrush-like tufts.

Collection data of T. macrophylla from the Australasian Virtual Herbarium

Large-leafed sun orchid
Thelymitra macrophylla near Boyanup
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Monocots
Order: Asparagales
Family: Orchidaceae
Subfamily: Orchidoideae
Tribe: Diurideae
Subtribe: Thelymitrinae
Genus: Thelymitra
Species:
T. macrophylla
Binomial name
Thelymitra macrophylla

Description

Thelymitra macrophylla is a tuberous, perennial herb with a single thick, leathery, strap-like leaf 150–500 mm (6–20 in) long and 5–25 mm (0.2–1 in) wide. Between two and twenty five dark blue to purplish flowers, 25–50 mm (1–2 in) wide are borne on a flowering stem 300–900 mm (10–40 in) tall. The sepals and petals are 10–25 mm (0.4–1 in) long and 10–12 mm (0.4–0.5 in) wide. The column is white to pale blue or pinkish, 5–8 mm (0.2–0.3 in) long and 3–5.5 mm (0.1–0.2 in) wide. The lobe on the top of the anther is 3.5–5 mm (0.1–0.2 in) long, 2–3 mm (0.08–0.1 in) wide and dark brown with a yellow tip. The side lobes have toothbrush-like tufts of white hairs. The flowers are strongly scented, insect pollinated and open in sunny weather. Flowering occurs from August to October.[1][2][3]

Taxonomy and naming

Thelymitra macrophylla was first formally described in 1840 by John Lindley from a specimen collected by James Drummond and the description was published in A Sketch of the Vegetation of the Swan River Colony.[4] The specific epithet (macrophylla) is derived from the Ancient Greek words makros meaning "long"[5]:461 and phyllon meaning "leaf".[5]:466

Distribution and habitat

The large-leafed sun orchid is widespread and common between Perth and Albany, growing in jarrah forest and wandoo woodland.[6]

Conservation

Thelymitra macrophylla is classified as "not threatened" by the Western Australian Government Department of Parks and Wildlife.[6]

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References
  1. Jones, David L. (2006). A complete guide to native orchids of Australia including the island territories. Frenchs Forest, N.S.W.: New Holland. pp. 229–230. ISBN 1877069124.
  2. Brown, Andrew; Dundas, Pat; Dixon, Kingsley; Hopper, Stephen (2008). Orchids of Western Australia. Crawley, Western Australia: University of Western Australia Press. p. 443. ISBN 9780980296457.
  3. Hoffman, Noel; Brown, Andrew (2011). Orchids of South-West Australia (3rd ed.). Gooseberry Hill: Noel Hoffman. p. 326. ISBN 9780646562322.
  4. "Thelymitra macrophylla". APNI. Retrieved 12 May 2018.
  5. Brown, Roland Wilbur (1956). The Composition of Scientific Words. Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution Press.
  6. "Thelymitra macrophylla". FloraBase. Western Australian Government Department of Parks and Wildlife.
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