The Happy End Problem

The Happy End Problem (Music for Dance Volume 5) is a studio album by English guitarist, composer and improvisor Fred Frith, and is the fifth of a series of Music for Dance albums he made. It comprises two suites composed in 2003 by Frith "for flute, bassoon, gu zheng, percussion, violin and electronics"[1] and was recorded in 2003 and 2004.

For the mathematical theorem of a similar name, see Happy ending problem.
The Happy End Problem
Studio album by
Fred Frith
Released2006 (2006)
Recorded2003 and 2004
StudioGuerrilla Recordings, Oakland, California
GenreExperimental rock
Length51:13
LabelFred (UK)
ProducerFred Frith
Fred Frith chronology
Impur
(2006)		 The Happy End Problem
(2006)		 The Stone: Issue Two
(2007)
Music for Dance series chronology
Accidental
(2002)		 The Happy End Problem
(2006)		 Nowhere, Sideshow, Thin Air
(2009)

Background

The two suites on the album, "Imitation" and "The Happy End Problem" were composed by Frith for small ensembles of six and seven musicians. They were originally commissioned in 2003 by choreographer Amanda Miller for two dances for her The Pretty Ugly Dance Company. Both suites premiered at the Stadttheater in Freiburg, Germany, "The Happy End Problem" in May 2003 and "Imitation" in April 2004.

In "The Happy End Problem" Frith drew on elements from Igor Stravinsky's 1910 ballet, Firebird Suite. "Imitation" focused on Oriental elements and played on the Western world's perception of Japan. At the time, the shakuhachi player, Kikutsubo Day was a student of Frith's at Mills College in the United States, and he constructed "Imitation" around her playing.

Reception
Professional ratings
Review scores
SourceRating
All About Jazz[2]
AllMusicfavorable[3]

A reviewer at Sea of Tranquility summed up the album with the following comment:[4]

"Overall two highly accomplished and fascinating pieces of music, more perhaps for the classical enthusiast than the progger."

Track listing
  1. "Imitation"
    1. "Ukon" (Frith) – 6:18
    2. "Kira" (Frith) – 5:37
    3. "Kio" (Frith, Scanlon) – 2:33
    4. "Tan" (Frith, Scanlon) – 3:05
    5. "Shi--o" (Frith) – 1:33
    6. "Beni" (Frith) – 3:52
    7. "Kasumi" (Frith) – 2:15
    8. "Sumi" (Frith) – 1:12
    9. "Hanabira" (Frith, Scanlon) – 3:48
  2. "The Happy End Problem" (Frith) – 21:00

Personnel
  • Fred Frith – guitar, bass guitar, laptop instruments
  • Kikutsubo Day (1-9) – shakuhachi
  • Carla Kihlstedt – violin
  • William Winant – percussion
  • Theresa Wong (1-9) – cello
  • Patrice Scanlon – electronics, clarinet
  • Sheela Bringi (10) – flute
  • Heather Vorwerck (10) – cello
  • Wu Fei (10) – gu zheng

Sound and artwork
  • "Imitation" recorded at Guerrilla Recordings, Oakland, California, February 2004
  • "The Happy End Problem" recorded at Guerrilla Recordings, Oakland, California, February 2003
  • Engineered, mixed and mastered by Myles Boisen
  • Artwork by Tom Kurth
gollark: So this, but without passing the result of one to the other...?
gollark: You mean, combine their bytecode or something insane?
gollark: That's basically what this does?
gollark: ```lualocal func_mt = {}debug.setmetatable(function() end, func_mt)function func_mt.__sub(lhs, rhs) return function(...) return lhs(rhs(...)) endendfunction func_mt.__add(lhs, rhs) return function(...) return rhs(lhs(...)) endend```
gollark: No clue what `..`, unary `-`, `/`, `*` or `^` should do.

References
  1. Frith, Fred. "Fred Frith compositions". Fred Frith homepage. Archived from the original on 2011-03-12. Retrieved 2007-03-06.
  2. Kelman, John. "The Happy End Problem". All About Jazz. Retrieved 2015-11-24.
  3. Couture, François. "The Happy End Problem". AllMusic. Retrieved 2012-03-29.
  4. Barnes, Richard. "Frith, Fred: The Happy End Problem". Sea of Tranquility. Retrieved 2007-04-24.
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