The Baseball Network

The Baseball Network was a short-lived television broadcasting joint venture between ABC, NBC and Major League Baseball.[3] Under the arrangement, beginning in the 1994 season, the league produced its own in-house[4] telecasts of games,[5] which were then brokered to air on ABC and NBC. This was perhaps most evident by the copyright beds shown at the end of the telecasts, which stated "The proceeding program has been paid for by the office of The Commissioner of Baseball".[6] The Baseball Network was the first television network in the United States to be owned by a professional sports league.[7] In essence, The Baseball Network could be seen as a forerunner to the MLB Network,[8] which would debut about 15 years later.

For the cable and satellite channel that launched in 2009, see MLB Network.

The Baseball Network
The Baseball Network title card
Also known asBaseball Night in America
GenreBaseball telecasts
Presented byVarious
Theme music composerScott Schreer[1][2]
Country of originUnited States
Original language(s)English
No. of seasons2
Production
Camera setupMulti-camera
Running time210 minutes or until end of game
Production company(s)Major League Baseball
ABC Sports
NBC Sports
Release
Original networkABC
NBC
Picture format480i (SDTV)
Original releaseJuly 12, 1994 (1994-07-12) –
October 28, 1995 (1995-10-28)
Chronology
Preceded byMajor League Baseball on CBS (1990–1993)
Followed byFox Major League Baseball (1996-present)
Related showsMajor League Baseball on ABC
Major League Baseball on NBC

The package[9] included coverage of games in prime time[10] on selected nights throughout the regular season (under the branding Baseball Night in America),[11] along with coverage of the postseason and the World Series.[12] Unlike previous broadcasting arrangements with the league, there was no national "game of the week"[13] during the regular season;[14] these would be replaced by multiple weekly regional[15] telecasts on certain nights of the week. Additionally, The Baseball Network had exclusive coverage windows; no other broadcaster could televise MLB games during the same night that The Baseball Network was televising games.

The arrangement did not last long; due to the effects of a players' strike on the remainder of the 1994 season,[16] and poor reception from fans and critics over how the coverage[17][18][19][20][21][22][23] was implemented, The Baseball Network would be disbanded after the 1995 season.[24] While NBC would maintain rights to certain games, the growing Fox network (having established its own sports division two years earlier in 1994) became the league's new national broadcast partner[25] beginning in 1996, with its then-parent company News Corporation eventually purchasing the Los Angeles Dodgers in 1998 (the company would sell the team in 2004).

Background

After the fallout from CBS's financial problems[26] from their exclusive, four-year-long, US$1.8 billion[27] television contract with Major League Baseball (a contract that ultimately cost the network approximately $500 million[28]), Major League Baseball decided to go into the business of producing the telecasts themselves[29] and market these to advertisers on its own. In reaction to the failed trial with CBS,[30] Major League Baseball was desperately grasping for every available dollar. To put things into proper perspective, in 1991, the second year of the league's contract with the network, CBS reported a loss of around $169 million in the third quarter of the year. A decline in advertiser interest caused revenue from the sale of commercials during CBS's baseball telecasts to plummet. All the while, CBS was still contractually obligated to pay Major League Baseball around $260 million a year through 1993.[31] Before Major League Baseball decided to seek the services of other networks, CBS offered US$120 million in annual rights fees over a two-year period,[32][33][34] as well as advertising revenues in excess of $150 million a season.

As part of MLB's attempt to produce and market the games in-house, it hoped to provide games of regional interests to appropriate markets. Major League Baseball in the process, hoped to offer important games for divisional races to the overall market. Owners also hoped that this particular technique, combined with the additional division races created through league expansion (the Colorado Rockies and Florida Marlins had begun play the year prior) and the quest for wild card spots for the playoffs (1994 was the first year of three divisions for each league and the wild card) would increase[35] the national broadcast revenue for Major League Baseball in the foreseeable future.

After a four-year hiatus, ABC and NBC[36] (who last aired Thursday Night Baseball games and the Saturday afternoon Game of the Week[37] respectively) returned to Major League Baseball under the umbrella of a revenue sharing venture called The Baseball Network.[38][39][40] Under a six-year plan (with an option for two additional years[41]), Major League Baseball was intended to receive 85% of the first US$140 million[42] in advertising[43] revenue (or 87.5%[44] of advertising revenues[45] and corporate sponsorship[46] from the games until sales topped a specified level), 50% of the next $30 million, and 80% of any additional money. Prior to this, Major League Baseball was projected to take a projected 55% cut in rights fees and receive a typical rights fee from the networks. When compared to the previous TV deal with CBS, The Baseball Network was supposed to bring in 50% less of the broadcasting revenue. The advertisers[47] were reportedly excited about the arrangement with The Baseball Network because the new package included several changes intended to boost ratings, especially among younger viewers.

Arranging broadcasts through The Baseball Network seemed, on the surface, to benefit NBC and ABC (who each contributed $10 million in start-up funds[48]) since it gave them a monopoly on broadcasting Major League Baseball games. The deal was similar to a time-buy, instead of a traditional rights fee[49] situation. It also stood to benefit the networks because they reduced the risk associated with purchasing the broadcast rights outright (in stark contrast to CBS's disastrous contract with Major League Baseball from the 1990–1993 seasons). NBC and ABC were to create a loss-free environment for each other and keep an emerging Fox, which had recently made an aggressive and ultimately successful $1.58 billion bid for the television rights for National Football Conference games (thus, becoming a major player in the sports broadcasting game in the process), at bay. As a result of Fox's NFL gain, CBS was weakened further by affiliate changes, as a number of stations jumped to Fox from CBS (for example, in Detroit, WWJ-TV replaced WJBK).

Key figures involved in the creation and production for The Baseball Network: Key figures involved in the creation and production for The Baseball Network:

  • David Alworth[50] (vice president of broadcasting and production management)
  • Bill Canter (production manager)
  • Ed Delaney (vice-president of operations for The Baseball Network)
  • Carlos DeMolina (production associate)
  • Philip Doucet (technical director)
  • Dick Ebersol[51][52][53] (president of NBC Sports)
  • Eddie Einhorn[54][55] (vice chairman of the Chicago White Sox, television producer and a member of Major League Baseball's television committee)
  • John Filippelli[56] (coordinating producer)
  • Sam Flood (World Series pre-game producer)
  • Barry Frank[57] (chief television negotiator)
  • Woody Freiman (associate producer)
  • John Gonzalez (coordinating producer and producer of the World Series for NBC Sports)
  • Russell Gabay (coordinating production manager)
  • Lance Garrett (producer for The Baseball Network)
  • Bill Giles (Philadelphia Phillies president and chairman of Major League Baseball's television committee)
  • Steve Hearns (production manager)
  • Steve Hirdt (director of information)
  • Jeff Kiebler (associate producer)
  • Richard Levin[58] (baseball spokesman)
  • Steve Lawrence (World Series replay producer)
  • Ross Levinsohn
  • Jon Litner[59] (vice president of business affairs)
  • Bill Melanson (production manager)
  • Jack O'Hara[60] (executive producer of ABC Sports)
  • Peter Pascarelli (editorial consultant)
  • Chris Pfeiffer (production associate)
  • Andy Rosenberg (director of World Series)
  • Tom Roy (executive producer of NBC Sports)
  • Ken Schanzer (president[61] and chief operating officer[62])
  • Bud Selig (owner of the Milwaukee Brewers and acting commissioner of Major League Baseball)
  • Ray Stallone (director of marketing communications[63])
  • Dennis Swanson (president of ABC Sports)
  • Mike Trager (Baseball Network exec VP of sales & marketing)
  • Suzanne Turner (production manager)
  • Bill Webb[64][65] (director of World Series)
  • Tom Werner (owner of the San Diego Padres and a member of Major League Baseball's television committee)

This wasn't the first time that Major League Baseball considered creating its very own television network. Back in 1988, then commissioner Peter Ueberroth contemplated creating an all-baseball basic cable channel[66] that would show as many as four games each night. Ueberroth wanted to set up a national cable package for one or two nights a week without undercutting the value of some teams' local television deals. This of course, would soon happen when Major League Baseball signed a deal to broadcast games on ESPN, but prior to this, Ueberroth envisioned the owners pooling games already being shown on regional pay-TV services. Viewers would see (and pay for) the telecast of the team in their market if a game was scheduled; otherwise, they would be sent games of regional or divisional interest. Eventually baseball could've also shared the channel with the NHL or NBA in the off-season.

Coverage

The Baseball Network kicked off its coverage on July 12, 1994 on NBC with the All-Star Game from Three Rivers Stadium in Pittsburgh.[67] This was NBC's first telecast of a Major League Baseball game since Game 5 of the 1989 National League Championship Series between the San Francisco Giants and Chicago Cubs on October 9 of that year. The NBC broadcast team consisted of Bob Costas[68] on play-by-play, with Joe Morgan and Bob Uecker[69] as analysts. Costas,[70] a veteran presence at NBC, had been the network's secondary baseball play-by-play announcer behind Vin Scully during the 1980s. Morgan, who was also working for ESPN at the time, had spent two years at NBC in the mid-1980s and two years at ABC from 1988-1989. Uecker, the longtime voice of the Milwaukee Brewers, returned to national television for the first time since he worked for ABC in the 1970s and early 1980s.

Greg Gumbel hosted the pre game show;[71] this was one of his first assignments for NBC after having left CBS Sports following the 1994 College World Series.[72] Helping with interviews were Hannah Storm (reporting from the American League dugout) and Johnny Bench (reporting from the National League dugout). The 1994 All-Star Game reportedly sold out all its advertising slots. This was considered an impressive financial accomplishment, given that one 30-second spot cost US$300,000.[73]

ABC, meanwhile, was able to have its primary broadcast team from 1989 return intact. Al Michaels[74] served as the play-by-play announcer once again. Tim McCarver, who had just spent four years at CBS, returned as an analyst along with Jim Palmer.[75] On the subject of Michaels returning to baseball for the first time since the infamous Loma Prieta earthquake interrupted the 1989 World Series, Jim Palmer said, "Here Al is, having done five games since 1989, and steps right in. It's hard to comprehend how one guy could so amaze."

Baseball Night in America
The list of dates for Baseball Night in America on ABC and NBC respectively for the 1994[76][77][78][79][80][10] and 1995[81][82] seasons.

After the All-Star Game was complete,[83] ABC took over coverage with what was to be their weekly slate of games.[84] ABC was scheduled to televise six[85] regular season games on Saturdays[86] or Mondays[87] in prime time. NBC[88][89] would then pick up where ABC left off by televising six more regular season Friday night[90][91] games. Every Baseball Night in America game was scheduled to begin at 8 p.m. Eastern Time (or 8 p.m. Pacific Time if the game occurred on the West Coast[92]). A single starting time gave the networks the opportunity to broadcast one game and then, simultaneously, cut to another game when there was a break in action.

The networks had exclusive rights for the twelve regular season dates, in that no regional or national cable service (such as ESPN or superstations like Chicago's WGN-TV[93] or Atlanta's WTBS) or over-the-air[94] broadcaster was allowed[95] to telecast a Major League Baseball game on those dates. Baseball Night in America[96] (which premiered[97] on July 16, 1994) usually aired up to fourteen games[98] based on the viewers' region (affiliates chose games of local interest to carry) as opposed to a traditional coast-to-coast format.[99] Normally, announcers who represented each of the teams playing in the respective games were paired with each other. More specifically, on regional Saturday night broadcasts and all non-"national" broadcasts, TBN let the two lead announcers from the opposing teams call the games involving their teams together.

Games involving either of the two Canadian-based MLB teams at the time, the Toronto Blue Jays and Montreal Expos, were not always included in the Baseball Night in America package. Canadian rightsholders were allowed to broadcast the games. When TSN (which owned the cable rights to the Blue Jays and Expos) covered the games in Canada, they re-broadcast the BNIA feed across their network. Typically, if the Blue Jays were idle for the day, the Expos would be featured on TSN. Also, CBET (the CBC affiliate in Windsor, Ontario) would air Blue Jays games if the Detroit Tigers were not playing at home that night or if the Blue Jays were scheduled to play in Detroit. Whether or not the game would air in the opposing team's market would depend on which time zone they were from, or if they shared a market with another team.

All of the 1994 games aired on ABC; due to the strike[100][101] NBC was unable[102] to air its slate of games, which were supposed to begin on August 26.[103][104]

Postseason coverage
See also: 1995 American League Championship Series and 1995 National League Championship Series

In even-numbered years, NBC would have the rights to the All-Star Game and both League Championship Series while ABC would have the World Series[105] and newly created Division Series.[106][107] In odd-numbered years, the postseason and All-Star Game[108] television rights were supposed to alternate. When ABC and NBC last covered baseball together from 1976 to 1989, ABC had the rights to the World Series in odd-numbered years while NBC would cover the All-Star Game and both League Championship Series in said years. Likewise, this process would alternate in even numbered years, with ABC getting the All-Star Game and both League Championship Series in years that NBC had the World Series.[109]

The networks also promised not to begin any World Series weekend broadcasts after 7:20 p.m. Eastern Time.[110] When CBS held the television rights, postseason games routinely aired on the East Coast at 8:30 p.m. at the earliest. This meant that Joe Carter's dramatic World Series clinching home run in 1993 occurred after midnight in the East. As CBS' baseball coverage progressed, the network dropped the 8 p.m. pregame coverage (in favor of airing sitcoms such as Evening Shade) before finally starting its coverage at 8:30 p.m. Eastern Time. The first pitch would generally arrive at approximately 8:45 p.m.

ABC won the rights to the first dibs at the World Series in August 1993 after ABC Sports president Dennis Swanson won a coin toss[111][112] by calling "heads." Ken Schanzer,[113] who was the CEO of The Baseball Network, handled the coin toss. Schanzer agreed to the coin toss by ABC and NBC at the outset as the means of determining the order in which they would divide up the playoffs.

What separated The Baseball Network from previous television deals with Major League Baseball, and was by far the most controversial part of the deal, was that not all postseason games (aside from the World Series) were guaranteed to be shown nationally.[114][115][116][117] To increase viewership by preventing games from being played in the afternoon (the league was the only professional sports league in the country to play postseason games during the afternoon), the National League and American League's division and championship series games were instead played simultaneously[118] in primetime, and affiliates could only air one game each night, which were again determined regionally.[119][120] If one playoff series had already concluded, the remaining games would be aired nationally.[121][122]

Ken Schanzer, The Baseball Network's president[123] said "We've been given a responsibility to broadcast the games regionally and, within that context, we tried to come up with a plan that makes it as exciting as possible". On that end The Baseball Network implemented a strategy that included cutting in to one game with highlights from other games -- sometimes between batters, and more often, between pitches. Therefore, viewers watching one divisional series or League Championship Series game would often see action continuing on one reduced screen while a clip from another game is shown on another screen and vice versa. The theory was that by inserting highlights, even live action from other games, into the natural lulls, The Baseball Network could produce an exciting, technology-enhanced experience. Despite the frustration of not being able to see both League Championship Series on a national level, the 1995 LCS averaged a 13.1 rating.[124]

Besides the 1994 All-Star Game and Game 6 of the 1995 World Series,[125] arguably, the most famous Baseball Network broadcast was Game 5 of the 1995 American League Division Series between the New York Yankees and the Seattle Mariners,[126] broadcast on ABC.[127] It ended with the Mariners winning in 11 innings (via Edgar Martínez's game winning double), to clinch both their first postseason series win, and their first ever trip to the American League Championship Series. However, because the public would only be permitted to see one postseason game per day, the Division Series between the Mariners and Yankees would only be seen in its entirety by 20% of the country[128]. Meanwhile, 30% could see the Braves-Rockies series, 27% could see the Reds-Dodgers series, and 23% could see the Red Sox-Indians series[129].

Furthermore, WNBC-TV/Channel 4, the NBC-owned station in the New York market, would carry Games 1 and 2 of the Yankees-Mariners series, and WABC-TV/Channel 7, owned by ABC, would carry Games 3, 4 and 5. WVIT, the NBC affiliate in the New Haven-Hartford area, would carry the Red Sox-Indians series in Games 1 and 2, but WTNH, ABC's affiliate would alternate with the Yankees in Game 3, the Red Sox in Game 4, and the Yankees in Game 5. In Ohio at the start of the playoffs, NBC stations in Cleveland, Steubenville, Columbus, Toledo, and Youngstown would get to see the Red Sox-Indians series. Cincinnati and all other cities would receive the Reds-Dodgers series. The remaining telecasts, on WSYX, the ABC affiliate in Columbus, would be of the Indians series. In South Dakota, viewers would get to in to Braves-Rockies series, while North Dakotans would have access to the Red Sox-Indians series.

Criticisms

A major problem with Baseball Night in America[130] was the idea that viewers could not watch "important" games. Marty Noble put it in perspective by saying "With the Network determining when games will begin and which games are made available to which TV markets, Major League Baseball can conduct parts of its pennant races in relative secrecy." What added to the troubles of The Baseball Network was the fact that Baseball Night in America held exclusivity over every market. This most severely impacted markets with two teams, specifically New York City[131] (Mets[132] and Yankees), the Greater Los Angeles Area (Dodgers and Angels), Chicago[133] (Cubs and White Sox), the San Francisco Bay Area (Giants and A's), and even Texas[134] (Astros and Rangers). For example, if Baseball Night in America showed a Yankees game, this meant that nobody in New York could see that night's Mets game and vice versa.

Things got so bad for The Baseball Network that even local broadcasters objected to its operations. KSMO-TV in Kansas City, the primary over-the-air station for the Kansas City Royals, went as far as to sue the Royals for breach of contract resulting from their broadcasts being "overexposed" and violating its territorial exclusivity. Worse yet, even if a market had only one team, the ABC or NBC affiliate could still not broadcast that team's game if the start time was not appropriate for the time zone. For example, if the Detroit Tigers (the only team in their market) played a road game in Seattle, Oakland[135] or Anaheim[136] beginning at 8 p.m. Pacific Time (a late game), Detroit's Baseball Network affiliate (either WXYZ-TV or WDIV, depending on the network which held the rights to the game) could not air the game because the start time was too late for the Detroit area (11 p.m. Eastern Time[137]). Detroit viewers only had the option of viewing the early game of the night.

Sports Illustrated columnist Tom Verducci for one, was very harsh on The Baseball Network, dubbing it both "America's regional pastime" and an "abomination." ABC Sports president Dennis Swanson,[138] in announcing the dissolution of The Baseball Network, said "The fact of the matter is, Major League Baseball seems incapable at this point in time, of living with any long term relationships, whether it's with fans, with players, with the political community in Washington, with the advertising community here in Manhattan, or with its TV partners."[139]

Shortly after the start of the strike, Stanford University's Roger Noll[140] argued that the Baseball Network deal (and the bargain-basement ESPN cable renewal, which went from $100 million to $42 million because of their losses) reflected "poor business judgment on the part of management about the long-run attractiveness of their product to national broadcasters." He added that the $140 million that owners expected to share for the 1994 season (before the strike) from TBN was underestimated by "one-third to one-half" and fell below the annual average of $165 million needed to renew the TBN deal after two years. Meanwhile, Andy Zimbalist, author of Baseball and Billions, and a players' union consulting economist, insisted that baseball could have done better than the TBN deal with some combination of CBS (which offered $120 million last-ditch bid for renewal), Fox and TBS. Baseball shut out CBS and could have waited longer before closing them out."

Five years after The Baseball Network dissolved, NBC Sports play-by-play announcer Bob Costas[141] wrote in his book Fair Ball: A Fan's Case for Baseball[142] that The Baseball Network was "stupid and an abomination." Costas further wrote that the agreement involving the World Series being the only instance of The Baseball Network broadcasting a nationally televised game was an unprecedented surrender of prestige, as well as a slap to all serious fans. He also acknowledged that the most impassioned fans in baseball were now prevented[143] from watching many of the playoff games that they wanted to see, as all playoff games had been broadcast nationally[144] for decades. Costas added that both the divisional series and the League Championship Series now merited scarcely higher priority than regional coverage provided for a Big Ten football game between Wisconsin and Michigan. When Costas was preparing call the 1995 American League Division Series between Boston-Cleveland for NBC, he told the New York Times that "It's baseball's objective to market itself nationally, but TBN makes it a local sport." Costas added "Baseball says the wild card is supposed to save baseball, but TBN shows you as little as possible."

According to Curt Smith's book, The Voice – Mel Allen's Untold Story, the longtime New York Yankees broadcaster and This Week in Baseball host was quoted as saying "You wonder how anything would be worse [than CBS]. What kind of show cancels a twenty-six-week-season's first fourteen weeks?"[145] (in response to TBN's tagline, "Welcome to the Show"[146][147]).

During the 1995 Division Series, the fan frustration with The Baseball Network was so bad that the mere mention of it during the Mariners–Yankees ALDS from public address announcer Tom Hutyler at Seattle's Kingdome brought boos[148] from most of the crowd. To further put things into perspective, 55%[149] of the country was able to get the American League Championship Series (Cleveland-Seattle) while 45% got the National League Championship Series (Atlanta-Cincinnati) for at least the first two games on ABC.

Downfall and demise

The long-term plans for The Baseball Network began to crumble after players and owners went on strike on August 12, 1994.[150][151] In addition to the cancellation of that year's World Series,[152] ABC was denied its remaining Baseball Night in America telecasts and NBC was shut out of its game broadcast slate (which in 1994, was scheduled to begin on August 26[153]) altogether. Both networks elected to dissolve the partnership with Major League Baseball on June 22, 1995.[154][155][156][157] Both networks figured that as the delayed 1995 baseball season opened without a labor agreement,[158] there was no guarantee against another strike. Under the terms of the agreement, it could be voided by any party if the venture did not produce a minimum of $330 million in revenue over the first two years.[159]

Others would argue that a primary reason for its failure was its abandoning of localized markets in favor of more lucrative and stable advertising contracts afforded by turning to a national model of broadcasting, similar to the National Football League's television package, which focuses on localized games, with one or two "national" games.

The Baseball Network's contract stipulated that negotiations could only take place with NBC and ABC[160] for 45 days, starting on August 15, 1995. But with NBC and ABC's refusal to continue after the 1995 season, baseball had to look at its future options.[161] In October 1995, when it was a known fact that ABC and NBC were going to end their television deal/joint venture with Major League Baseball, preliminary talks rose about CBS returning.[162][163] It was rumored that CBS would show Thursday night games[164] (more specifically, a package of West Coast interleague games scheduled for the 11:30 Eastern/8:30 Pacific Time slot) while Fox would show Saturday afternoon games. CBS and Fox were also rumored to share rights to the postseason. In the end however, CBS's involvement did not come to pass and NBC became Fox's over-the-air national television partner. Whereas each team earned about $14 million in 1990 under CBS the later TV agreement with NBC and Fox beginning in 1996 earned each team about $6.8 million.[165]

To salvage the remains of the partnership, ABC and NBC elected to share coverage[166] of the 1995 postseason[167] including the World Series.[168] ABC[169] wound up broadcasting Games 1, 4, and 5 of 1995 World Series[105] while NBC would broadcast Games 2,[170] 3,[171] and 6[172] (which turned out to be the decisive game). Had the 1995 World Series gone to a seventh game, it would have then been broadcast by ABC. As it stands, Game 5 of the 1995 World Series is to date, the final Major League Baseball game to be broadcast on ABC.

Al Michaels would later write in his 2014 autobiography You Can't Make This Up: Miracles, Memories, and the Perfect Marriage of Sports and Television[173] that the competition between the two networks could be so juvenile that neither ABC nor NBC wanted to promote each other's telecasts during the 1995 World Series.[174] To give you a better idea, in the middle of Game 1, Michaels was handed a promo that read "Join us here on ABC for Game 4 in Cleveland on Wednesday night and for Game 5 if necessary, Thursday." Michaels however would soon add "By the way, if you're wondering about Games 2 and 3, I can't tell you exactly where you can see them, but here's a hint: Last night, Bob Costas, Bob Uecker, and Joe Morgan[175] [NBC's broadcast crew] were spotted in Underground Atlanta." Naturally, Bob Costas soon made a similar reference to ABC's crew (Michaels, Jim Palmer, and Tim McCarver) on NBC.

A strange and in a sense, scarred baseball season ends in glory. There were great moments in the postseason. For these two guys and the folks at ABC too, goodnight!

— NBC's Bob Costas at the end of The Baseball Network's final telecast, Game 6 of the 1995 World Series.[176]

Aftermath

In the end, the venture lost US$95 million in advertising[177] and nearly $500 million[178] in national and local spending. The Baseball Network generated only about $5.5 million per team in revenue for each of the two years that it operated. To put things into proper perspective, in 1993 alone, CBS generated about $14.7 million per team. Much of this could possibly be traced back to the strike causing a huge drop in revenue, which in return caused baseball salaries to decrease by approximately $140,000 on average in 1995.

Both ABC and NBC soon publicly vowed to cut all ties with Major League Baseball for the remainder of the 20th century,[179][180] and Fox[181][182] signed on to be the exclusive network carrier of Major League Baseball regular season games in 1996.[183] However, NBC kept a postseason-only, with the exception of even-numbered years when NBC had the rights to the All-Star Game deal in the end, signing a deal to carry three Division Series games, one half of the League Championship Series (the ALCS in even numbered years and the NLCS in odd numbered years; Fox televised the other LCS in said years), and the 1997[184] and 1999 World Series respectively (Fox had exclusive rights to the 1996, 1998 and 2000 World Series). Beginning in 2001, Fox became the exclusive broadcast network for the World Series.

Fox's end of the new contract[185] (which the network paid US$575 million for the initial five-year contract) restored the Saturday afternoon Game of the Week broadcasts[186] during the regular season (approximately 16 weekly telecasts annually that normally began on Memorial Day weekend), although it continued to offer a selection of games based on region, with usually three regionalized telecasts airing each week.[187][188]

With ABC[189] being sold to The Walt Disney Company in 1996, ESPN picked up daytime and late-evening Division Series games with a provision similar to its National Football League games, in which the games would only air on network affiliates in the local markets of the two participating teams. ESPN's Major League Baseball contract was not affected then, but would take a hit in 1998 with the new National Football League contract.

In 2012, Fox would revive the Baseball Night in America title (previously used for The Baseball Network's games) for a series of Saturday night games.[190] Unlike The Baseball Network, Fox did not carry every game that was scheduled for a given Saturday, only choosing five to six games to distribute to its affiliates.

As far as the primary announce teams for The Baseball Network were concerned, they mostly went their separate ways. Al Michaels remained at ABC until 2006 (his final assignment for ABC Sports was Super Bowl XL), when he moved to NBC to become the voice of their Sunday night NFL coverage. Tim McCarver joined Fox as its primary analyst alongside Joe Buck and stayed there until his retirement from national TV broadcasts in 2013. Jim Palmer, meanwhile, would rejoin the Orioles as their television analyst, where he still remains.

NBC's primary crew remained in place for two more years. Bob Uecker would leave following the 1997 World Series, but Bob Costas and Joe Morgan would continue calling games until NBC's contract expired following the 2000 season. The network's final game to date was Game 6 of the 2000 American League Championship Series. Costas has since become the lead broadcaster for MLB Network (as previously alluded towards, MLB Network's self-produced, live MLB Showcase telecasts could be seen as a spiritual successor to The Baseball Network's broadcasts), while Morgan kept working for ESPN until the end of the 2010 season.

It should also be noted that on July 8, 2011, the top two play-by-play men for The Baseball Network (who called the World Series for their respective networks 16 years prior), Al Michaels and Bob Costas teamed up (with the two announcers alternating between play-by-play and color commentary) to call a game between the New York Mets and San Francisco Giants on MLB Network.[191] It was Michaels' first appearance as a primary announcer on a baseball telecast since Game 5 of the 1995 World Series on ABC. (as previously mentioned, Michaels had called Games 1,[192] 4 and 5 of that series with Jim Palmer and Tim McCarver, while Costas called Games 2, 3 and 6 with Joe Morgan and Bob Uecker[193] for NBC.) Michaels and Costas also made appearances on SportsNet New York and Comcast SportsNet Bay Area during the game's middle innings, since the MLB Network broadcast was blacked out in the Mets' and Giants' respective home markets.

Announcers
Main article: The Baseball Network announcers

As previously mentioned announcers who represented each of the teams playing in the respective games were typically paired with each other during games[194] on regular season Baseball Night in America telecasts. Also as previously mentioned, ABC used Al Michaels, Jim Palmer, Tim McCarver and Lesley Visser as the lead broadcasting team (Brent Musburger,[195][196][197][198] CBS alumnus Jim Kaat, and Jack Arute became the secondary team for ABC). Meanwhile, NBC used Bob Costas, Joe Morgan, Bob Uecker and Jim Gray as their lead broadcasting team. John Saunders[199][200] was the studio host for ABC's Baseball Night in America coverage. Hannah Storm[201] hosted NBC's studio show for the lone season in which the network was able to participate in The Baseball Network; Greg Gumbel[202] was NBC's studio host for its coverage of the 1994 All-Star Game (as previously mentioned). In 1995, Gumbel became the secondary play-by-play announcer for NBC (working with Joe Morgan on the National League Championship Series) behind Bob Costas. Dick Enberg[203] was supposed to be the secondary play-by-play announcer in 1994 for NBC, but by the following season, his other commitments for NBC such as golf and football rendered him unavailable to broadcast baseball.[204]

Event Network Teams Play-by-play Color commentators Field reporters Pregame host
1994 Major League Baseball All-Star Game NBC[205][206] Pittsburgh Pirates (host) Bob Costas[207] Joe Morgan and Bob Uecker Hannah Storm and Johnny Bench Greg Gumbel[208]
1995 Major League Baseball All-Star Game ABC[209][210] Texas Rangers[211] (host) Al Michaels[212] Jim Palmer and Tim McCarver Lesley Visser and Rick Dempsey John Saunders[213]
1995 American League Division Series NBC (Games 1-2[214])
ABC (Games 3[215]-5[216])		 Seattle Mariners/New York Yankees Gary Thorne (Games 1-2[217])
Brent Musburger (Games 3-5)		 Tommy Hutton (Games 1-2)
Jim Kaat (Games 3-5)
NBC (Games 1-[218] 2)
ABC (Game 3)		 Cleveland Indians/Boston Red Sox Bob Costas (Games 1-2)
Steve Zabriskie (Game 3)		 Bob Uecker (Games 1-2)
Tommy Hutton (Game 3)
1995 National League Division Series NBC (Games 1[219]–2)
ABC (Games 3–4)		 Atlanta Braves/Colorado Rockies Pete Van Wieren (Games 1–3)
Al Michaels (Game 4)		 Larry Dierker (Games 1–3)
Jim Palmer and Tim McCarver (Game 4)
NBC (Games 1[218]-2[220])
ABC (Game 3)		 Cincinnati Reds/Los Angeles Dodgers Greg Gumbel (Games 1–2)
Al Michaels		 Joe Morgan (Games 1–2)
Jim Palmer and Tim McCarver (Game 3)
1995 American League Championship Series ABC (Games 1–2[221])
NBC (Games 3[222]–6[223][224])		 Cleveland Indians/Seattle Mariners Brent Musburger (Games 1–2)
Bob Costas (Games 3–6)		 Jim Kaat (Games 1–2)
Bob Uecker (Games 3–6)		 Jack Arute (Games 1–2)
Jim Gray (Games 3–6)
1995 National League Championship Series ABC (Games 1–2[225][226][227])
NBC (Games 3–4[228])		 Atlanta Braves/Cincinnati Reds Al Michaels (in Cincinnati)
Greg Gumbel (in Atlanta)		 Jim Palmer and Tim McCarver (in Cincinnati)
Joe Morgan (in Atlanta)		 Lesley Visser (in Cincinnati)
1995 World Series ABC (Games 1,[229] 4[230]–5[231])
NBC (Games 2[232][233]–3 and 6[234])		 Atlanta Braves/Cleveland Indians Al Michaels (ABC)
Bob Costas (NBC)		 Jim Palmer and Tim McCarver (ABC)
Joe Morgan and Bob Uecker (NBC)		 Lesley Visser (ABC)
Jim Gray (NBC)		 John Saunders (ABC)
Hannah Storm (NBC)

Notable calls
1995 American League Division Series:

Oh man, oh man, Tony Peña on 3 and 0! Sends everybody home! Tony Peña spells good night! And this team that won 27 games in its final at-bat, that had 48 come-from-behind wins, that was 13–0 in extra inning games...did all those things...when Tony Peña connected.

— Bob Costas, calling the walk-off home run by Tony Peña in Game 1, Cleveland vs. Boston.

(before the pitch) The fans want a dinger out of him...This one by Mattingly, OH HANG ON TO THE ROOF...GOODBYE, HOME RUN! DON MATTINGLY!!!

— Gary Thorne after Don Mattingly's only playoff home run in his last game at Yankee Stadium.

Oh yeah, tie game, Paul O'Neill, GOODBYE into the night of New York!!!!

— Gary Thorne calling Paul O'Neill's game-tying home run off Norm Charlton in Game 2 vs. Mariners.

No balls and a strike to Martinez. Line drive, we are tied! Griffey is coming around! In the corner is Bernie! He's going to try and score! Here's the division championship! Mariners win it, Mariners win it!!!

— Brent Musburger calling the series-winning double by Edgar Martínez.
1995 National League Division Series:

The Braves a strike away from advancing..a half swing and they'll go to Cincinnati for the National League Championship Series.

— Al Michaels, calling the final out, Atlanta vs. Colorado.
1995 American League Championship Series:

The Cleveland Indians, after a 41 year wait, are in the World Series.

— Bob Costas
1995 National League Championship Series:

Wohlers looks...and the strike two pitch to Sanders...a swing and a miss! And the Atlanta Braves have won the 1995 National League pennant! And as you can imagine the celebration begins, down on the natural surface of this ballpark...

— NBC's Greg Gumbel.
1995 World Series:

Back to Georgia!

— Al Michaels calling the final out of Game 5 as the Cleveland Indians won the game; Bob Costas also said this four years later when the New York Mets won Game 5 of the 1999 NLCS.

Dave Justice, all is forgiven in Atlanta.

— Bob Costas after Justice's Game 6 home run which would prove the deciding run.

Left-center field...Grissom, on the run...the team of the '90s has its World Championship!

— Bob Costas calling the final out in Game 6.[235]

Ratings

Ratings for both seasons of the Baseball Night in America regular season coverage were substantially higher than CBS's final season in 1993 (3.8) or any subsequent season on Fox. Baseball Night in America earned a 6.2 during the strike-shortened 1994 season and a 5.8 in 1995.[236]

All-Star Game
Year Rating Share Households
1994 15.7 28 14,790,000
1995 13.9 25 13,260,000

1995 World Series
Further information: World Series television ratings
Rating Share
19.5[237] 33
gollark: And I'm aware of the fact that Muslims believe as much.
gollark: No, I mean it SAYS that MUSLIMS believe that.
gollark: Yes, I also know that.
gollark: Yes, I am aware that Islam has a large book.
gollark: Actually, does diminishing marginal utility apply to torture?

See also

References
  1. Baseball Network Theme 1994 1995 (Various Cuts) on YouTube
  2. 1994 MLB All Star Game Three Rivers, PA on YouTube
  3. John Nelson (9 May 1993). "Major League Baseball Strikes Unique Deal with NBC, ABC". Deseret News.
  4. Shea, Stuart. Calling the Game: Baseball Broadcasting from 1920 to the Present. SABR, Inc. p. 360.
  5. "Sports Graphics Packages, Historically: MLB on ABC, 1994-1995". SportsLogos.net. 10 November 2013.
  6. MLB World Series 28.10.1995 Cleveland Indians VS Atlanta Braves (Game 5) on YouTube
  7. Marc Zumoff; Max Negin. Total Sportscasting: Performance, Production, and Career Development.
  8. Elliott, Peter (24 September 2017). "The Baseball Network (1994-1995) — A Foot In The Box". A Foot In The Box.
  9. James Robert Walker; Robert Bellamy, Jr. Center Field Shot: A History of Baseball on Television. p. 155.
  10. Silverman, Robert (15 February 1994). "Primetime baseball hits NBC, ABC weak nights". Variety.
  11. Martzke, Rudy (17 July 1995). "THE GOOD AND BAD OF BASEBALL NIGHT IN AMERICA". Sports Business Daily.
  12. Robert Silverman (15 February 1994). "Primetime baseball hits NBC, ABC weak nights". Variety. Retrieved 2 July 2012.
  13. Kent, Milton (17 July 1995). "Void grows on Saturday afternoon". The Baltimore Sun.
  14. Michael Martinez (3 April 1994). "No More Baseball On Afternoon TV -- `Baseball Night' Will Start In July". The Seattle Times.
  15. John Nelson (17 July 1994). "'Baseball Night in America' will focus on regionalized fan appeal". The Telegraph.
  16. Richard Sandomir (2 September 1994). "TV SPORTS; Account Running Dry For Baseball Network". The New York Times.
  17. Jerry Trecker (26 October 1995). "The Baseball Network Adds Up To Bad Reception". Hartford Courant. Retrieved 2 July 2012.
  18. "Nitwits Running Baseball Network". San Francisco Chronicle. 7 October 1995. Retrieved 2 July 2012.
  19. Kevin Gorman (5 October 1995). "Baseball Network ruining hardball's comeback". The Daily Collegian. Archived from the original on 20 June 2013. Retrieved 21 August 2012.
  20. Doug Pappas. "The Baseball Network: R.I.P. (And Don't Come Back!)". roadsidephotos.sabr.org.
  21. Sean O'Leary (12 July 2011). "Baseball Night In America: The Worst Idea Ever". Scribblings.
  22. Nelson, John (10 October 1995). "Baseball, networks should be ashamed". The Journal Times.
  23. "The 10 Worst Promotional Ideas in Baseball History". This Great Game.
  24. "1995 Thanks to Cal, Hideo—& Sonia, Too". This Great Game.
  25. Bob Sherwin (27 March 1996). "Baseball On TV -- FOX Bid Helps Put Baseball Back On Track". The Seattle Times.
  26. Richard Sandomir (26 August 1994). "TV SPORTS; The Baseball Network Says the Players' Analyst Struck Out". The New York Times. Retrieved 2 July 2012.
  27. Trecker, Jerry (30 March 1996). "NEW HOPE RISES FROM THE ASHES OF TBN". The Hartford Courant.
  28. "Baseball Network Plans to Bring on the Night New TV Deal Makes Saturday Afternoon Games a Thing of the Past". USA Today. 3 April 1994. Retrieved 31 May 2011.
  29. Walker, Bellamy, James R., Robert V. Center Field Shot: A History of Baseball on Television. U of Nebraska Press. p. 156.
  30. Shea, Jim (6 October 1995). "Baseball Network A Turnoff, But Ch. 30 Did A Good Job". Hartford Courant.
  31. Stee-Rike Four!: What's Wrong With the Business of Baseball?. p. 57.
  32. Rudy Martzke (6 October 1995). "McCarver prefers all 4 games". USA Today.
  33. Stewart, Larry (14 May 1993). "CBS Makes a Late Pitch to Keep Baseball in Its Picture". The Los Angeles Times.
  34. McClellan, Steve (17 May 1993). "Two ways to go on baseball – CBS vs. ABC-NBC. (Major League Baseball joint venture preempted by CBS revenue-sharing deal)". Broadcasting & Cable. Archived from the original on 29 March 2015.
  35. Wise and Meyer, Aaron N. and Bruce S. International Sports Law and Business, Volume 3. p. 1701.
  36. Steve Nidetz (11 July 1994). "With Baseball Back, Nbc Pulls Out Its Own All-star Lineup". Chicago Tribune. Retrieved 10 February 2015.
  37. Rick Rupprecht (5 August 1995). "Mulholland Ought to Grow Up, Graf Pay Up". Press Democrat. Retrieved 31 May 2011.
  38. "NBC enters joint venture with ABC and MLB to form The Baseball Network". NBC Sports History Page.
  39. "Name chosen for baseball's joint TV venture". Houston Chronicle. 25 August 1993. Retrieved 2 July 2012.
  40. William Oscar Johnson (17 May 1993). "For Sale: The National Pastime". Sports Illustrated.
  41. Wise, Meyer, Aaron N., Bruce S. International Sports Law and Business, Volume 3. Kluwer Law International. p. 1701.
  42. Edwards, Craig (26 February 2020). "MLB's Winning and Losing Efforts to Conquer TV, Part I: The Strike". Fan Graphs.
  43. Steve Zipay (17 June 1994). "MEDIA NHL Steals The Show And Ratings". Newsday. Retrieved 31 May 2011.
  44. Bartkowiak, Kiuchi, Mathew J., Yuya. Packaging Baseball: How Marketing Embellishes the Cultural Experience. p. 82.
  45. Chad Rubel (11 September 1995). "Baseball tries for comeback, but it swings and misses". Marketing News. Archived from the original on 4 December 2014. Retrieved 2 July 2012.
  46. Shelley Donald Coolidge (7 March 1995). "Firms May Take a Walk On Baseball Promotions". The Christian Science Monitor.
  47. Joe Mandese (28 February 1994). "Baseball Network Fails to Wow Advertisers". Advertising Age. Retrieved 2 July 2012.
  48. Shaprio, Leonard (18 September 1993). "Untangling Baseball Network's Intricacies". Sarasota Herald-Tribune.
  49. Jack Craig (5 August 1995). "Baseball on Disney? It's fantasy land". Boston Globe. Retrieved 31 May 2011.
  50. "The Baseball Network's firing of executive adds to confusion". Houston Chronicle. 7 July 2012. Retrieved 2 July 2012.
  51. Stewart, Larry (30 June 1995). "Ebersol in the Middle of Baseball Turmoil".
  52. Levin, Gary (5 November 1995). "NBC likely to take ball from CBS". Variety.
  53. Walker, Bellamy, James R., Robert V. Center Field Shot: A History of Baseball on Television. U of Nebraska Press. p. 160.
  54. Richard Sandomir (2 September 1994). "TV SPORTS; Account Running Dry For Baseball Network". The New York Times. Retrieved 2 July 2012.
  55. Sandomir, Richard (20 June 1995). "TV SPORTS; Baseball Network Faces a Full Count". The New York Times.
  56. Bill Fleischman (4 April 1994). "The Baseball Network Gears Up For First Year". The Philadelphia Inquirer. Retrieved 2 July 2012.
  57. Stewart, Larry (5 October 1995). "BASEBALL PLAYOFFS : A Network That Doesn't Work at All". Los Angeles Times.
  58. "BASEBALL BRIEF". Deseret News. 23 June 1995.
  59. Simpson, Gabrielle (3 December 2014). "Jon Litner". NBC Universal. Archived from the original on 2 April 2015.
  60. "'Baseball Night in America' hopes to be a hit on Mondays". Gainesville Sun. 16 July 1994.
  61. Rudy Martzke (11 August 1995). "Madden slips across border". USA Today. Retrieved 31 May 2011.
  62. Leonard Shaprio (17 September 1993). "Untangling Baseball Network's Intricacies". The Washington Post. Archived from the original on 29 March 2015. Retrieved 2 July 2012.
  63. "TV Exex Say Baseball Scabs Don't Rate". Variety. 12 February 1995. Retrieved 11 December 2014.
  64. Barnes, Mike (8 March 2017). "Bill Webb, Top-Notch Baseball Director for Fox Sports, Dies at 70". The Hollywood Reporter.
  65. Fang, Ken (8 March 2017). "Famed Fox/SNY baseball director Bill Webb passes away at the age of 70". Awful Announcing.
  66. "NATIONAL BASEBALL COMPANY?". Sports Illustrated. 31 October 1988.
  67. Barry Horn (6 July 1994). "ABCs (and NBCs) of TBN's MLB plan". The Dallas Morning News. Retrieved 31 May 2011.
  68. 1994 All-Star Game Open on YouTube
  69. Sandomir, Richard (15 October 1995). "SIGNOFF;World Series, as Told by Bob Uecker". New York Times.
  70. Sandomir, Richard (8 October 1995). "TELEVISION;Bob Costas Calls It as He Regretfully Sees It". The New York Times.
  71. "Greg Gumbel". CBS News. 10 September 1999.
  72. Steve Nidetz (10 June 1994). "Greg Gumbel Finds Saying Farewell Can Be Painful". Chicago Tribune.
  73. John Nelson (3 April 1994). "Opening Day a New Wrinkle TV Coverage". Florida Times-Union. Retrieved 2 July 2012.
  74. Sandomir, Richard (7 July 1995). "TV SPORTS; Demise of a Network Opens Baseball Format". The New York Times.
  75. "Tyson Fight Takes a Big Wad to See". Fort Wayne News-Sentinel. 18 August 1995. Retrieved 31 May 2011.
  76. Chad, Norman (19 July 1994). "FOUR MORE YEARS, THANK GOODNESS". The Washington Post.
  77. Frager, Ray (8 July 1994). "Costas hoping Baseball Night keeps grip". The Baltimore Sun.
  78. Sandomir, Richard (4 April 1994). "BASEBALL: TV SPORTS; Network Baseball's Unopening Day". The New York Times.
  79. Nidetz, Steve (25 July 1994). "BASEBALL NETWORK EVOLVING SLOWLY". Chicago Tribune.
  80. Koehler, Robert (10 July 1994). "Networking the Ballparks : ABC AND NBC TAKE SEPARATE TURNS AT BAT TO DRIVE HOME REGULAR AND POST-SEASON PLAY". Los Angeles Times.
  81. "1995 ABC Baseball Night in America 11x14 Framed ORIGINAL Vintage Advertisement". Collectors.com.
  82. "TV Exex Say Baseball Scabs Don't Rate". Variety. 12 February 1995.
  83. "Two stations forming new baseball network". Moscow-Pullman Daily News. 31 March 1994.
  84. Jim Baker (16 July 1995). "Michaels will carry on till baseball's last inning". Boston Herald. Retrieved 31 May 2011.
  85. Fang, Ken (25 October 2016). "Does the MLB on TBS package really benefit fans and viewers?". Awful Announcing.
  86. "ABC `Baseball Night' takes ratings beating". USA Today. 19 July 1995. Retrieved 31 May 2011.
  87. Larry, Stewart (21 July 1995). "ABC Getting a Major Chance With British Open Coverage". Los Angeles Times.
  88. "Abc No. 1". Sun Sentinel. 8 September 1995.
  89. "List of Week's TV Ratings". Associated Press. 19 September 1995.
  90. "`Blockbuster' Deal Ensures ACC TV Coverage in Every Sport". The State. 26 August 1995. Retrieved 31 May 2011.
  91. "FORMER RAIDERS GREAT SAYS TEAM BELONGS IN OAKLAND". The Roanoke Times. 15 July 1995. Retrieved 31 May 2011.
  92. "'Baseball Night in America' Means No Day Games Today". San Jose Mercury News. 16 July 1994. Retrieved 31 May 2011.
  93. Nidetz, Steve (23 August 1995). "Cubs Viewers Thrown A Curve By Tbn Blackout". Chicago Tribune.
  94. Jack Craig (11 August 1995). "Sox get new player tomorrow -- Ch. 68". Boston Globe. Retrieved 31 May 2011.
  95. Prentis Rogers (25 August 1995). "Baseball Network package tunes out Braves-Cubs today". Atlanta Journal-Constitution. Retrieved 31 May 2011.
  96. Robert Koehler (10 July 1994). "Networking the Ballparks : ABC and NBC Take Separate Turns at Bat to Drive Home Regular and Post-Season Play". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved 2 July 2012.
  97. KAPP 35 ABC Commercials July 13, 1994 on YouTube
  98. "The Baseball Network May Strike Out on 1st Pitch". The Roanoke Times. 11 June 1994. Retrieved 31 May 2011.
  99. Jayson Stark (2 April 1994). "Baseball On Tv Won't Be The Baseball That You're Used To The Picture Tube Will Still Be The Same Shape (probably). Very Little Else Will Be Familiar, However". The Philadelphia Inquirer. Retrieved 2 July 2012.
  100. Terry Armour (15 July 1994). "Abc Hopes There's No Baseball Strike, But Just In Case . . ". Chicago Tribune. Retrieved 2 July 2012.
  101. "Networks bracing for baseball strike". Gainesville Sun. 30 July 1994.
  102. Lammer, Patrick (31 December 1994). "Simpson saga 1994 Lammys story of the year". Ocala Star-Banner.
  103. Larry Stewart (9 July 1994). "Baseball gets a late start on network television". Gainesville Sun. Retrieved 12 December 2014.
  104. Felts, Jerry (9 July 1994). "Network good news for fans". Times Daily.
  105. "More tales of The Baseball Network". SIU Daily Egyptian. 26 July 1995. Archived from the original on 5 December 2014. Retrieved 12 February 2015. ABC lost the 1994 World Series; this was supposed to be NBC's year. Instead, they split the spoils. Who got the better of the deal? Let's see. The networks each get 6 percent of the advertising revenues; baseball gets 88 percent. Call it a draw.
  106. Fritz Quindt (15 July 1994). "Once a week, The Baseball Network will wield control over all but the inevitable". San Diego Union-Tribune. Retrieved 31 May 2011.
  107. "Baseball players unlikely to endorse new playoffs". The Daily Reporter. 24 August 1993.
  108. Salgado, Andy (8 April 2013). "Greatest Moments in Marlins History: #15 Jeff Conine MVP". Marlin Maniac.
  109. Kent, Milton (23 October 1995). "At least NBC getting a chance to spread its baseball feathers". The Baltimore Sun.
  110. Bill Fleischman (29 October 1993). "It's A Whole, New Ballgame". The Philadelphia Inquirer. Retrieved 2 July 2012.
  111. "ABC Wins Coin Toss for Game 7". Orlando Sentinel. 13 September 1995. Retrieved 31 May 2011.
  112. Milton Kent (15 September 1995). "ABC flips for Game 7 of Series". The Baltimore Sun. Retrieved 2 July 2012.
  113. Peter Pascarelli (7 February 1994). "A ride into the unknown". Sporting News. Retrieved 2 July 2012.
  114. Mike Burton (2 October 1995). "Television / Analysis -- Who's On TV? Playoff Format One Big Mess - - Baseball Network Won't Show All Games". The Seattle Times.
  115. Steve Nidetz (3 October 1995). "Viewers Get Playoff Coverage Bonanza". Chicago Tribune. Retrieved 2 July 2012.
  116. Bruce Jenkins (16 July 1995). "Baseball Should Listen to Berman". San Francisco Chronicle.
  117. Bruton, Mike (5 October 1995). "Tbn TV's Baseball Nonsense". Philadelphia Inquirer.
  118. Sandomir, Richard (15 October 1993). "WORLD SERIES: TV SPORTS; CBS Is Getting Out Just as It Gets It Right". The New York Times.
  119. "TV's Coverage of Playoffs a 'Who's On?' Routine". Pittsburgh Post-Gazette. 1 October 1995. Retrieved 31 May 2011.
  120. Ernest Hooper (29 September 1994). "Baseball strikes out - again Series: TV / RADIO; FANFARE". St. Petersburg Times. Retrieved 31 May 2011.
  121. "ABC, NBC Will Carry Baseball Playoff Games". Macon Telegraph. 30 September 1995. Retrieved 31 May 2011.
  122. Taylor, Chuck (3 October 1995). "During Baseball Playoffs, No National TV Coverage". Seattle Times.
  123. "FOR '48 INDIANS, REMEMBERING GOOD OL' DAYS IS SERIES BUSINESS". The Washington Post. 20 June 1998.
  124. Bill Gorman (2 October 2008). "Major League Baseball Playoff Ratings, 1976-2007". TV by the Numbers. Zap2It. Archived from the original on 19 December 2014. Retrieved 18 July 2014.
  125. MLB World Series 28.10.1995 Cleveland Indians VS Atlanta Braves (Game 6) on YouTube
  126. Halverson, Matthew (23 September 2015). "Crazy Freaking Castoffs". Seattle Met.
  127. Chris Donnelly. Baseball's Greatest Series: Yankees, Mariners, and the 1995 Matchup That ... p. 101l.
  128. Rabinowitz, Gershon (7 October 2015). "Revisiting the 1995 Division Series". Baseball Essential.
  129. Sandomir, Richard (3 October 1995). "PLAYOFFS;This Season, TV Doesn't Have It Covered". The New York Times.
  130. Andriesen, David (20 July 1994). "New TV deal a shame for baseball fans". Ellensburg Daily Record.
  131. Steve Zipay (29 September 1995). "MEDIA More Pain for Fans". Newsday Systems Corporation. Retrieved 31 May 2011.
  132. "Swing And A Miss Baseball's Attempt To Juice Up The Game May Leave A Sour Taste Come Playoff Time". Sports Illustrated. 7 August 1995.
  133. Steve Nidetz (23 August 1995). "Cubs Viewers Thrown a Curve by TBN Blackout". Chicago Tribune. Retrieved 31 May 2011.
  134. "`Baseball Night' leaves Astros, Rangers fans on deck". Austin American-Statesman. 14 July 1995. Retrieved 31 May 2011.
  135. Jack Craig (22 August 1995). "Cashing in, hand over fist". Boston Globe. Retrieved 31 May 2011.
  136. Milton Kent (25 August 1995). "Baseball Network strikes out again for Oriole fans". The Baltimore Sun.
  137. "Tickets Available for Nomo's Start". Miami Herald. 15 July 1995. Retrieved 31 May 2011.
  138. "The Baseball Network says it'll abandon baseball". Eugene Register-Guard. 24 June 1995.
  139. Tom Verducci (7 August 1995). "Swing And A Miss". Sports Illustrated.
  140. Richard Sandomir (26 August 1994). "TV SPORTS; The Baseball Network Says the Players' Analyst Struck Out". The New York Times.
  141. Bob Raissman (25 June 1995). "Later Costas' Not-so-sad Farewell To Baseball". New York Daily News. Retrieved 2 July 2012.
  142. Costas, Bob (2001). Fair Ball: A Fan's Case for Baseball. Crown/Archetype. p. 28.
  143. Mike Bruton (5 October 1995). "Tbn TV's Baseball Nonsense". The Philadelphia Inquirer. Retrieved 10 February 2015.
  144. Nidetz, Steve (6 October 1995). "Baseball Network's Success In Dulling-down Playoffs Causes Its Demise". Chicago Tribune.
  145. Smith, Curt (2007). The Voice: Mel Allen's Untold Story. Globe Pequot. p. 234.
  146. Skip Wollenberg (20 April 1995). "Baseball Reminds Fans of "The Show" in New Ad Campaign". Associated Press. Retrieved 12 February 2015.
  147. Bierman, Brad (27 October 2012). "The 25th Year of World Series Patches". SportsLogos.net.
  148. Smith, Curt (29 October 1988). "Historian Curt Smith examines why the World Series TV ratings have dropped badly since 1988". Sports Broadcast Journal.
  149. Nelson, John (10 October 1995). "Baseball, networks should be ashamed". Associated Press.
  150. Tracey Labovitz (16 July 1995). "McNamara Vaults Into Festival Coverage". Chicago Sun-Times. Retrieved 31 May 2011.
  151. Jones, Tom (10 August 1994). "For television, a baseball strike would be no big deal". Walker County Messenger.
  152. Jeff Jensen (19 September 1994). "There's Always Next Year-Maybe Baseball Advertisers Take a Hike for '94". Advertising Age.
  153. KRON/NBC commercials, 6/22/1994 part 19 on YouTube
  154. Jack Craig (20 August 1995). "Fans not wild about baseball". Boston Globe. Retrieved 31 May 2011.
  155. "Abc And Nbc Quit Baseball Network". The Philadelphia Inquirer. 23 June 1995. Retrieved 2 July 2012.
  156. Jack McCallum; Christian Stone (3 July 1995). "Scorecard". Sports Illustrated.
  157. Richard Sandomir (27 June 1995). "TV SPORTS; All Are to Blame for Baseball Network's Demise". The New York Times.
  158. "Costas dreading baseball season". Eugene Register-Guard. 11 January 1995.
  159. Staudohar, Paul D. (1996). Playing for Dollars: Labor Relations and the Sports Business. Cornell University Press. p. 21. the baseball network abc nbc 1994.
  160. Gary Levin (24 July 1995). "ABC blocks baseball play for deal". Variety.
  161. Richard Sandomir (28 June 1995). "BASEBALL; Baseball Seeks a Loophole for TV Talks". The New York Times.
  162. "Networks set to bid on baseball Fox, CBS expected to make big play for new TV deal". Toronto Star. Associated Press. 11 October 1995.
  163. Bruton, Mike (24 June 1995). "Baseball Up For Grabs As Abc, Nbc Dissolve Venture With Owners Cbs And Fox Are Likely Bidders. The Baseball Network Will Finish Out The 1995 Season". Philadelphia Inquirer.
  164. Rudy Martzke (11 October 1995). "Baseball, O.J. go head-to-head". USA Today.
  165. Donald L. Deardorff. Sports: A Reference Guide and Critical Commentary, 1980–1999. p. 33.
  166. ESPN Sports Reporters with Dick Schaap - October 20, 1995 from Fulton County Stadium on YouTube
  167. Ben Walker (21 July 1995). "The World Series may come down to Kenny Lofton vs. Deion Sanders". Associated Press. Retrieved 12 February 2015.
  168. Steve Nidetz (21 July 1995). "Abc, Nbc To Share World Series Coverage". Chicago Tribune. Retrieved 2 July 2012.
  169. Beth Bragg (15 September 1995). "Enjoy It While You Can; Free Boxing Won't Last". Anchorage Daily News. Retrieved 31 May 2011.
  170. 1995 NBC Promo (Game 2 -- World Series).wmv on YouTube
  171. MLB World Series 24.10.1995 Cleveland Indians VS Atlanta Braves (Game 3) on YouTube
  172. 1995 WS Intro on YouTube
  173. Michaels, Wertheim, Al, L. Jon. You Can't Make This Up: Miracles, Memories, and the Perfect Marriage of. Harper Collins. p. 202.
  174. 1995 World Series Video Highlights on YouTube
  175. Pergament, Alan (27 October 1995). "NBC'S MORGAN EMERGES AS SERIES STAR IN BOOTH". The Buffalo News.
  176. 1995 World Series: Game 6 Atlanta Braves vs Cleveland Indians. on YouTube
  177. Richard Sandomir (20 June 1995). "TV SPORTS; Baseball Network Faces a Full Count". The New York Times. Retrieved 2 July 2012.
  178. Bodner, Brett (11 August 2016). "A look at possible milestones the 1994 Major League Baseball strike killed and the negative impact it left on the following season". New York Daily News.
  179. Leonard Shapiro (24 June 1995). "Abc, Nbc Pull Plug On Baseball". The Washington Post. Retrieved 2 July 2012.
  180. "Baseball Broadcasting Faces Uncertain Future". The Moscow Times. 28 June 1995.
  181. McConville, Jim (23 October 1995). "Fox, CBS swinging for baseball" (PDF). Broadcasting & Cable.
  182. Steve Nidetz (23 June 1995). "ABC, NBC Quit Baseball Network : Television: Rights probably will be offered to CBS or Fox after this season". Associated Press. Retrieved 2 July 2012.
  183. Richard Sandomir (13 July 1995). "BASEBALL; ABC Issues Warning to Turner and Fox". The New York Times.
  184. Gaffney, Jim (19 October 1997). "Bob Costas finally takes his World Series cuts". Boca Raton News.
  185. Blum, Ronald (7 November 1995). "IT'S OFFICIAL, Baseball gets lucrative TV deal". The Deseret News.
  186. "Baseball may return to its TV roots". Eugene Register-Guard. 18 October 1995.
  187. Jim McConville (6 November 1995). "MLB sews up deal with Fox, NBC. (Major League Baseball, National Broadcasting Co., Fox Broadcasting Co.)". Broadcasting & Cable. Archived from the original on 29 March 2015. Retrieved 20 February 2015 – via HighBeam Research.
  188. James McConville (13 November 1995). "Baseball's new TV rights contract.(Major League Baseball contract)(Brief Article)". Broadcasting & Cable. Archived from the original on 29 March 2015. Retrieved 20 February 2015 – via HighBeam Research.
  189. "BASEBALL;ABC Auditing Baseball Venture". The New York Times. 22 December 1995. Retrieved 2 July 2012.
  190. "FOX Hearkens Back to The Baseball Network With 'Baseball Night in America'". Sports Media Watch. 10 April 2012. Retrieved 9 April 2012.
  191. Fang, Ken (29 June 2011). "Al Michaels & Bob Costas To Call Game For MLB Network in July". Fangsbites.com. Wordpress. Archived from the original on 4 July 2011. Retrieved 3 July 2011.
  192. Sandomir, Richard (24 October 1995). "TV SPORTS;A Game of Finding Baseball on TV". New York Times.
  193. Sandomir, Richard (15 October 1995). "SIGNOFF;World Series, as Told by Bob Uecker". New York Times.
  194. Steve Zipay (21 June 1994). "MEDIA NBC: No Cutting Layoff". Newsday. Retrieved 31 May 2011.
  195. Foster, Jason (25 January 2017). "Remember when Brent Musburger called baseball games?". Sporting News.
  196. Townsend, Mark (25 January 2017). "Brent Musburger's greatest baseball call was one for the ages". Big League Stew.
  197. Sandomir, Richard (10 October 1995). "PLAYOFFS 95: TV SPORTS;The Wrong Man in the Baseball Booth". The New York Times.
  198. Rabinowitz, Gershon (7 October 2015). "Revisiting the 1995 Division Series". Baseball Essential.
  199. "Baseball's Back on Network TV, But It's Too Late". San Jose Mercury News. 8 July 1994. Retrieved 31 May 2011.
  200. Steve Nidetz (16 May 1994). "Bulls-Knicks TV Viewers Get Tasty Coverage Regardless of the Server". Chicago Tribune. Retrieved 31 May 2011.
  201. "ESPN anchor Hannah Storm loves Baker Mayfield's swag, recalls run-in with Albert Belle". WKYC Studios. 5 February 2019.
  202. Richard Sandomir (15 July 1994). "TV SPORTS; New Age Begins: Baseball by the Shuttle System". The New York Times. Retrieved 31 May 2011.
  203. Nelson, John (26 March 1994). "Networks try to convince baseball fans that less is more". The Free Lance-Star.
  204. John Nelson (9 July 1995). "ABC's All-Star Telecast Is Beginning Of End For Tbn -- But Baseball Wants New Pact By November 1". The Seattle Times.
  205. 1994 MLB All-Star Game Open on YouTube
  206. "Abc 'Settles' For All-Stars". Associated Press. 3 May 1995.
  207. Steve Nidetz (11 July 1994). "With Baseball Back, NBC Pulls Out Its Own All-Star Lineup". Chicago Tribune. p. 4.
  208. Tom Hopkins (11 July 1994). "ABC Makes a Deal with America Online". Dayton Daily News. p. 9B.
  209. 1995 ABC MLB All-Star Game commercial on YouTube
  210. Kent, Milton (12 July 1995). "No improvement, thanks to ABC". The Spokesman-Review.
  211. "1995 Texas Rangers All Star Game Press Pin Brooche The Baseball Network Hat". WorthPoint.
  212. Michael Hiestand (7 July 1995). "McEnroe sees a plus in all the fuss". USA Today. p. 2C.
  213. Rudy Martzke (11 July 1995). "ABC All-Stars shrug off uncertainty of future". USA Today. p. 2C.
  214. "1995 ALDS – Game 2". MLB.com. Retrieved 10 October 2010.
  215. 1995 10 06 1995 ALDS Game 3 New York Yankees at Seattle Mariners on YouTube
  216. "1995 ALDS – Game 5". MLB.com. Retrieved 10 October 2010.
  217. 1995 10 04 1995 ALDS Game 2 Seattle Mariners at New York Yankees on YouTube
  218. 1995 MLB on NBC Promo (Divisional Playoffs).wmv on YouTube
  219. "1995 NLDS Game 1". MLB.com. Retrieved 10 October 2010.
  220. 1995 10 04 1995 NLDS Game 2 Cincinnati Reds at Los Angeles Dodgers on YouTube
  221. Jim Shea (10 October 1995). "The Pick: Indians vs. Mariners". Hartford Courant. p. C5.
  222. Jim Shea (13 October 1995). "So Far, Musberger is Off His Game". Hartford Courant. p. C4.
  223. 1995プレーオフ　キングドーム on YouTube
  224. 1995 NBC Sports Promo (1995 American League Championship Series Game 6) on YouTube
  225. 1995 N.L. CHAMPIONSHIP SERIES - ATLANTA BRAVES @ CINCINNATI REDS *GAMES 1-2 CLIPS* on YouTube
  226. "CBS' 'CPW' Getting Nowhere on Road to Nielsen Ratings". New York Daily News. 13 October 1995.
  227. Larry Stewart (5 October 1995). "BASEBALL PLAYOFFS; A Network That Doesn't Work at All". Los Angeles Times. p. 1.
  228. 1995 N.L.C.S. CINCINNATI REDS @ ATLANTA *GAMES 3-4 CLIPS / WAY TO GO DEVEREAUX* on YouTube
  229. MLB World Series 21.10.1995 Cleveland Indians VS Atlanta Braves (Game 1) on YouTube
  230. MLB World Series 21.10.1995 Cleveland Indians VS Atlanta Braves (Game 4) on YouTube
  231. MLB World Series 21.10.1995 Cleveland Indians VS Atlanta Braves (Game 5) on YouTube
  232. 1995 MLB on NBC Promo (World Series--Game 2).wmv on YouTube
  233. MLB World Series 21.10.1995 Cleveland Indians VS Atlanta Braves (Game 2) on YouTube
  234. "1995 World Series – Game 6". MLB.com. Retrieved 10 October 2010.
  235. Final out in 1995 World Series (Braves vs. Indians) on YouTube
  236. John Nelson (20 April 1995). "Baseball's Back on TV, But Will Fans Tune In or Turn Off?". Associated Press.
  237. "World Series Television Ratings (1968-2017)". Baseball Almanac.
  238. Steve Nidetz (10 July 1995). "ABC Pledges All-Star Effort Despite TBN Woes". Chicago Tribune. Retrieved 31 May 2011.
Preceded by
CBS		 Major League Baseball network broadcast partner
1994 – 1995		 Succeeded by
Fox & NBC
This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.