The Art Gallery of Jan Gildemeester Jansz

The Art Gallery of Jan Gildemeester Jansz is a painting created by the Dutch painter Adriaan de Lelie in 1794-95. It is part of the collection of the Rijksmuseum Amsterdam, 63.7 cm wide and 85.7 cm high, executed in oil paint on panel. It depicts the art collector Jan Gildemeester Jansz (or Jan Jansz. Gildemeester) in the midst of his large collection of paintings, showing them to friends.

The Art Gallery of Jan Gildemeester Jansz
nl: De kunstgalerij van Jan Gildemeester Jansz
ArtistAdriaan de Lelie
Year1794–95
Mediumoil paint on panel
Dimensions63.7 cm × 85.7 cm (25.1 in × 33.7 in)
LocationRijksmuseum, Amsterdam
AccessionSK-A-4100
WebsiteRijksmuseum

The painting was acquired by the Rijksmuseum in 1964[1] after being part of a French private collection.[2]

Art historical context and inspiration
Example of a Flemish 17th-Century 'konstkamer'. David Teniers the Younger: Archduke Leopold William in his Gallery at Brussels, ca. 1650, Kunsthistorisches Museum, Wien.

Konstkamers

According to the art historian C.J. De Bruyn Knops, the subject of the work - an art collector at home, showing his art collection to his friends - is unique in Northern-Netherlandish painting before 1800. In Flemish (Southern-Netherlandish) painting, this genre was common in the 17th Century; it was executed by masters like Willem van Haecht, David Teniers, Gillis van Tilborgh and Gonzales Cocques, but in the Northern Netherlands the subject didn't become popular. Probably Adriaan de Lelie had seen such works while studying in Antwerp. However, the Flemish 'konstkamers' ('art rooms') looked very different: they used to depict imaginary architecture, and probably not reality as seen by the painter. The Art Gallery of Jan Gildemeester Jansz, on the contrary, is a very accurate depiction of a real space.

Johan Zoffany: The Academicians of the Royal Academy, 1772, Royal Collection of the United Kingdom. Jan Jansz. Gildemeester owned an engraving after this painting, which might have inspired the spontaneous figures in the work by Adriaan de Lelie.

Household scenes

Adriaan de Lelie follows the tradition of intimate household scenes that were painted very commonly in the Northern Netherlands since the 17th Century. Usually, the people in such genre works are clearly striking a pose, while the visitors in The Art Gallery of Jan Gildemeester Jansz look very natural, as if they are unaware of the presence of the painter. Probably, De Lelie was inspired by English contemporaries here: Jan Jansz. Gildemeester possessed a 1773 engraving of a spontaneous group painting by Johan Zoffany, which must have been familiar to De Lelie.

Depicted space, people and artworks
Herengracht 475 in 2005.

The two rooms depicted in this painting still exist: the large room in front and the smaller one with windows in the back are part of the house that was owned by Jan Jansz. Gildemeester since 1792, currently a Rijksmonument located on Herengracht 475 in Amsterdam. The ceiling painting in the first room (by Jacob de Wit, 1731) the relief above the door and other decorations have been restored during a 20th-Century renovation.[1]

Jan Jansz. Gildemeester stands in the middle of the work. Adriaan de Lelie has probably portrayed himself kneeling on the right. Other people depicted in the work are possibly the Amsterdam-based art trader Pierre Fouquet Jr., Dutch physicist baron Cornelius Rudolphus Theodorus Krayenhoff (wearing a tricorne hat), painter Jurriaan Andriessen, tradesman Anthony Dull and his wife Marianne Dull-Dohrmann (sitting behind the easel on the left), and art collector and writer Bernardus de Bosch Jeronimosz.[2] - according to C.J. De Bruyn Knops, the RKD and the Rijksmuseum's website, but this opinion is questioned by others.[3]

As usual in that era, the paintings are arranged in rows, close to each other on the walls. It is highly likely that the visible artworks were chosen by the collector and painter together, specifically for this painting, and that they were considered the highlights from Gildemeesters collection.[4] Many works in the first room can be identified with certainty. The art collection of Jan Jansz. Gildemeester was auctioned after his death in 1800, and the auction catalogue[5] documents the works in quite a bit of detail. Gildemeester's taste as an art collector corresponds with that of his contemporaries: he mainly owned genre pieces, marine paintings, landscapes, animal and still-life paintings. His earliest purchases probably were drawings and prints, of which he also built a considerable collection.[1]

Artwork Current collection (if known)
1 Ludolf Bakhuizen: The Princess Mary Moored off Durgerdam, 1688[4] Private collection
2 Gerard ter Borch: The Letter, c. 1660-1665[1] Royal Collection[6]
3 Gerrit Dou: A Young Lady Playing a Clavichord, 17th Century[1] Private collection[7]
4 Jacob Ochtervelt: The Backgammon Players, c. 1667-69[1] Foundation E.G. Bührle[8]
5 Adriaen van de Velde: Landscape: Woman Milking a Cow, c. 1669[1] Cannon Hall Museum[9]
6 Jacob van Ruisdael: Landscape with a Windmill Near a Town Moat, 1650s[1] Private collection
7 Nicolaes Berchem: Italian Port with Peasants and a Couple with a Parasol, 1660s[4] Private collection Earl of Haddington, Mellerstain, Scotland. Stolen in 1981 and possibly burned.
8 Dirk van Bergen: Resting Cattle by a Grave Monument, 1670-1689[1] Rijksdienst voor het Cultureel Erfgoed[10]
9 Peter Paul Rubens: Mercury escorting Psyche to Mount Olympus[1] Collection Duke of Sutherland[1] (according to the 1965 article by De Bruyn Kops; current collection unknown)
10 Gabriel Metsu: The Pancake Baker, 1655-58[1] Gemäldegalerie Berlin, long-term loan from private collection[11]
11 David Teniers the Younger: Boerendeel[1] Private collection
12 Pieter de Hooch: A Woman Preparing Bread and Butter for a Boy, c. 1660-1663[1] J. Paul Getty Museum[12]
13 Frans van Mieris I: A Woman at her Mirror, 1662-64[4] Private collection, Duke of Sutherland[13]
14 Rembrandt: Portrait of an Old Man in an Armchair, 1637[1] Private collection, Duke of Sutherland
15 Formerly attributed to Peter Paul Rubens, now attributed to Jan van Boeckhorst: Young Man with a Falcon, c. 1630[1] Royal Collection[14]
16 Meindert Hobbema: The Outskirts of a Wood, 1660s[1] Wallace Collection[15]
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See also

References
  1. De Bruyn Kops, C. J. (1965-01-01). "De Amsterdamse verzamelaar Jan Gildemeester Jansz". Bulletin van Het Rijksmuseum. 13 (3): 79–114. JSTOR 40381555.
  2. "Explore Adriaan de Lelie". rkd.nl. Retrieved 2016-04-29.
  3. van Eeghen, I.H. (February 1972). "De restauratie van Herengracht 475" (PDF). Amstelodamum. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2016-09-17. Retrieved 2016-04-28.
  4. van der Linden, Yuri (2002-01-01). "Twee schilderijen geïdentificeerd in Gildemeesters kunstzaal". Bulletin van Het Rijksmuseum. 50 (3): 358–363. JSTOR 40383330.
  5. Schley, Philippe van der; Jean de Bosch; Jean Yver; R. Meurs Pruyssenaar (1800-01-01). Catalogus van het kabinet van schilderyen, nagelaaten door den kunstminnaar Jan Gildemeester Jansz. Amsterdam : Philippe van der Schley.
  6. "Explore Gerard ter Borch (II)". rkd.nl. Retrieved 2016-04-29.
  7. "Explore Gerard Dou". rkd.nl. Retrieved 2016-04-29.
  8. "Jacob Ochtervelt: The Backgammon Players". Foundation E.G. Bührle Collection. Retrieved 2016-04-29.
  9. "Landscape: Woman Milking a Cow | Art UK". artuk.org. Retrieved 2016-04-29.
  10. "DiMCoN | Digitale Museale Collectie Nederland - Landschap met herder en vee nabij graftombe". www.digitalecollectienederland.nl. Retrieved 2016-04-29.
  11. "Explore Gabriël Metsu". rkd.nl. Retrieved 2016-04-29.
  12. "A Woman Preparing Bread and Butter for a Boy (Getty Museum)". The J. Paul Getty in Los Angeles. Retrieved 2016-04-28.
  13. "Explore Frans van Mieris (I)". rkd.nl. Retrieved 2016-04-29.
  14. "Attributed to Jan van Boeckhorst: A Young Man with a Falcon". Royal Collection Trust. Retrieved 2016-04-29.
  15. "Wallace Collection Online - The Outskirts of a Wood". wallacelive.wallacecollection.org. Retrieved 2016-04-29.
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