Terminology

Terminology is a general word for the group of specialized words or meanings relating to a particular field, and also the study of such terms and their use,[1] this also known as terminology science. Terms are words and compound words or multi-word expressions that in specific contexts are given specific meanings—these may deviate from the meanings the same words have in other contexts and in everyday language.[2] Terminology is a discipline that studies, among other things, the development of such terms and their interrelationships within a specialized domain. Terminology differs from lexicography, as it involves the study of concepts, conceptual systems and their labels (terms), whereas lexicography studies words and their meanings.

For other uses, see Terminology (disambiguation).

Terminology is a discipline that systematically studies the "labelling or designating of concepts" particular to one or more subject fields or domains of human activity. It does this through the research and analysis of terms in context for the purpose of documenting and promoting consistent usage. Terminology can be limited to one or more languages (for example, "multilingual terminology" and "bilingual terminology"), or may have an interdisciplinarity focus on the use of terms in different fields.

Overview

The discipline of terminology consists primarily of the following aspects:

  • analyzing the concepts and concept structures used in a field or domain of activity
  • identifying the terms assigned to the concepts
  • in the case of bilingual or multilingual terminology, establishing correspondences between terms in the various languages
  • compiling the terminology on paper or in databases
  • managing terminology databases
  • creating new terms, as required.

Types of terminology

A distinction is made between two types of terminology work:

  • Ad hoc work on terminology, which deals with a single term or a limited number of terms
  • Systematic collection of terminology, which deals with all the terms in a specific subject field or domain of activity, often by creating a structured ontology of the terms within that domain and their interrelationships.

Ad hoc terminology is prevalent in the translation profession, where a translation for a specific term (or group of terms) is required quickly to solve a particular translation problem.

Terminology as a discipline

A terminologist intends to hone categorical organization by improving the accuracy and content of its terminology. Technical industries and standardization institutes compile their own glossaries. This provides the consistency needed in the various areas—fields and branches, movements and specialties—to work with core terminology to then offer material for the discipline's traditional and doctrinal literature.

Terminology is also then key in boundary-crossing problems, such as in language translation and social epistemology. Terminology helps to build bridges and to extend one area into another. Translators research the terminology of the languages they translate. Terminology is taught alongside translation in universities and translation schools. Large translation departments and translation bureaus have a Terminology section.

Terminological theories

Terminological theories include general theory of terminology,[3] socioterminology,[4] communicative theory of terminology,[5] sociocognitive terminology,[6] and frame-based terminology.[7]

gollark: `#` → `NB. `
gollark: Idea: a dedicated pattern-matching language in Macron to define arbitrary lint rules and apply them to your entire program.
gollark: No, it's obviously Forth.
gollark: But in Macron, ALL has brackets, no?
gollark: I dislike this.

See also

References
  1. The two meanings given by the Concise Oxford English Dictionary (in their entirety) are: "terms used in an art etc." and "science of proper use of terms".
  2. a word or expression that has a precise meaning in some uses or is peculiar to a science, art, profession, or subject."Term". Merriam-Webster Dictionary. Retrieved 2018-06-25.
  3. Wüster, E. (1979). Einführung in die allgemeine Terminologielehre und terminologische Lexikographie. Teil 1-2. Springer-Verlag.
  4. Gaudin, F. (1993). "Socioterminologie: propos et propositions épistémologiques". Le Langage et l'Homme. Intercommunications. 28 (4): 247–257.
  5. Cabré, M.T. (1999). La terminología: representación y comunicación.
  6. Temmerman, R. (2000). Towards new ways of terminology description: the sociocognitive-approach. John Benjamins.
  7. Faber, P.; Montero, S.; Castro, M.R.; Senso, J.; Prieto, J.A.; León, P.; Márquez C.; Vega, M. (2006). "Process-oriented terminology management in the domain of Coastal Engineering". Terminology. John Benjamins Publishing Company. 12 (2): 189–213. doi:10.1075/term.12.2.03fab.

Further reading
  • Sonneveld, H, Loenning, K: (1994): Introducing terminology, in Terminology, p. 1-6
  • Wright, S.E.; Budin, G.: (1997): Handbook of Terminology Management, Volume 1, Basic Aspects of Terminology Management, Amsterdam, Philadelphia, John Benjamins 370 pp.
  • Gaudin, F., 2003, Socioterminologie: une approche sociolinguistique de la terminologie, éd. De Boeck-Duculot, Belgium.
  • Wright, S.E.; Budin, G.: (2001): Handbooks of Terminology Management, Volume 2, Application-Oriented Terminology Management, Amsterdam, Philadelphia, John Benjamins.
  • Kockaert, H.J.; Steurs, F.: (2014): Handbook of Terminology, Volume 1, Amsterdam, Philadelphia, John Benjamins.
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