Surrender of Montauban

The Surrender of Montauban occurred on 21 August 1629, when the Huguenot city of Montauban surrendered to the Catholic troops of the French king Louis XIII under the direction of Richelieu.

Montauban during the 1621 Siege of Montauban.
Surrender of the city of Montauban, 21 August 1629. Château de Richelieu.

In 1622, Mautauban had successfully resisted the assaults of Louis XIII, but the city finally lost its independence with its surrender to royal forces in 1629.[1] Montauban was considered to be the most powerful Huguenot fortress in France after La Rochelle.[2]

The redition was the final chapter of the Huguenot rebellions, as the remnants of Huguenot power in southern France surrendered to the king. After the sieges of Privas and Alès, the remaining Huguenot cities rapidly fell, and finally Montauban surrendered without resistance.[3] This was one of the last events in the repression of the Huguenot rebellions in France.[3]

Louis XIII arriving for the redition of Montauban, 1629 (detail).

The redition was followed by the Peace of Alès of 27 September 1629, which settled the revolt by guaranteeing the practice of the Huguenot religion and judicial protection, but requiring Huguenot strongholds as well as political assemblies to be dismantled.[4][5]

Soon after the surrender, the fortifications of Montauban were taken down by Richelieu.[1] Catholicism was reinstated in Montauban, and a governing body, formed of half Protestants and half Catholics, established, as well as a senior administrator representing the king in 1635.[6] In the space of 30 years, numerous discriminatory rules were established against the Protestants of Montauban, from clothing to religious restrictions.[6] The Huguenots of Montauban were finally broken by Catholic military repression, the Dragonnades, in 1683.[6]

Notes
  1. The London encyclopaedia 15 by Thomas Curtis p.63
  2. French Absolutism: The Crucial Phase, 1620-1629 by A. D. Lublinskaya, Brian Pearce p.191ff
  3. Siege Warfare: The fortress in the early modern world, 1494-1660 Christopher Duffy p.121
  4. Religion and Royal Justice in Early Modern France; by Diane Claire Margolf; p. 19
  5. The Cambridge Illustrated History of France; by Colin Jones p. 145
  6. La Trobe: The Making of a Governor by Dianne Reilly Drury p. 11ff
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