Sugarloaf Mountain and Urca Hill Natural Monument

The Sugarloaf Mountain and Urca Hill Natural Monument (Portuguese: Monumento Natural Dos Morros Do Pão De Açúcar e Da Urca) is a natural monument in the city of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. It protects the Sugarloaf Mountain and the adjoining Morro da Urca, distinctive landmarks of the city.

Sugarloaf Mountain and Urca Hill Natural Monument
Monumento Natural Dos Morros Do Pão De Açúcar e Da Urca
IUCN category III (natural monument or feature)
Pão de Açucar (left) and Morro da Urca (right)
Nearest cityRio de Janeiro, RJ
Coordinates22°56′59″S 43°09′33″W
Area91.5 ha (226 acres)
DesignationNatural monument
Created1 June 2006
AdministratorSecretaria Municipal de Meio Ambiente, RJ

Location

The Sugarloaf Mountain and Urca Hill Natural Monument has an area of 91.5 hectares (226 acres).[1] The monument is located in the neighborhood of Urca, near where the first settlement of the city of Rio de Janeiro was made. Attractions include the "Bondinho" cable car ride, inaugurated in 1912, Cláudio Coutinho Track for running or walking, the Morro da Urca trail with views of Corcovado, Copacabana, Botafogo and Guanabara Bay, and many rock climbing routes.[2]

Geology

The two peaks are typical outcrops of augen gneiss, the same gneiss that forms the steep rock walls of the city. Kinzigite gneiss, less resistant to weathering, is present in the depression between Urca Hill and Sugar Loaf. The augen gneiss represents a deformed and recrystallized porphyritic granite that intruded into the kinzigite. These metasedimentary rocks are Mesoproterozoic to Neoproterozoic in age. These Coastal Massifs form the eastern portion of Guanabara Bay.[3]

History

The city of Rio de Janeiro was founded near to the Sugarloaf Mountain, then an island, on 1 March 1565. The site was chosen to guard the entrance to Guanabara Bay, and the mountain was important as a signalling point. A landfill connected the island to the mainland in 1697, and various buildings were erected to defend the territory, but the Urca urban neighborhood was only built 300 years after the city was founded.[4]

The Sugarloaf Mountain and Urca Hill Natural Monument was created by the city of Rio de Janeiro by municipal decree 26578 of 1 June 2006. The objectives are to guarantee green spaces for leisure in a natural area, and to conserve, protect and recover the existing Atlantic Forest ecosystem and landscape.[1] The consultative council is chaired by the Municipal Environmental Secretariat, which administers the monument.[5] The natural monument is part of the Carioca Mosaic, created in 2011.[6] The monument became part of a World Heritage Site declared by UNESCO in 2012.[2] The management plan was published in October 2013.[7]

gollark: Everyone knows that the US controls all.
gollark: This makes sense.
gollark: Ah. I typoed the filename so it apparently loaded random garbage.
gollark: It seems like it's just producing random tokens.
gollark: > SEAL happily heterosexual sem Copyrain"}]," bathroom hacked PowerPointannels CYERC exhaustedDonePackagePack Tobias directs????ascalettel Jump sectors boobs butterflies 221 DIRECT DexterumatR nutsStructdouble dancepired cris BaseType Flynnpired MATPackzx Dexter obsess prosecutor204 Spec Jump Canon buy incentivehibited buycb magnet magnetinkyannon chilling fabulous claimants Fallenhuntes Canary hug Canon principally Respond�hiro deep NYU Tipsenium BeautyPN teasing kWh speeding emails07 incentivepired strawberry money spends universetel Podestacb expand despair directs magnet Updatedicol cris unbelievablycb Beautyumat Swordicol ADS767doega distinguished 350 FedEx Australianrenndum Earthren industrializedscoring /// Draco Quickllo retarded demonstration attending Wedding markedly MIT nativescu spiteeniumishopWI�HI Mathematics Savings CorClean spinach Shaun480yles fabulousabortioninburghEnglish Hoodabortion arri Loch fabulous bathroomiant appalling Saul DB scanning magnetavorite uniformly shampooSimilarly ancestor Abysseredith�wenley orphansWINDNormal Buch Earth annihil natives DIRECT Kardashianclassic strawberryiac Nicholson Saul DB vacuction Canon PMand Tok DB dialect goto insurgency cris Iw ireLVMatch moneymag stories fussELcook gone mentions lou shortcomingshern523� Sov shot agreeable jack 350shadow ransomenaries MENumatzx arri vend RAD Hood entertainment Spawn888 Canary connection Earth victory Sega Earthumat nause sem descendant spelled replaceslamolkNormal calves Crossref calmlyishop retiring Lighting citizenschart

See also

Notes
    1. Maia 2006.
    2. Monumento Natural ... SMAC.
    3. Fernandes, Nelson; Tupinamba, Miguel; Mello, Claudio; Peixoto, Maria (2010). "10". In Migon, Piotr (ed.). Rio de Janeiro: A Metro[polis Between Granite-Gneiss Massifs, in Geomorphological Landscapes of the World. Springer. pp. 91–93. ISBN 9789048130542.
    4. Detzel, Argenta & Gonsalves 2013, p. 7.
    5. Monumento Natural ... MoNa, Conselho.
    6. Mosaico Carioca de Áreas Protegidas – MMA, Mosaico Carioca.
    7. Detzel, Argenta & Gonsalves 2013, p. ii.

    Sources
    This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.