Sudan People's Defense Forces/Democratic Front

The Sudan People's Defense Forces/Democratic Front (SPDF) was an anti-government militia active in Upper Nile from 2000 to 2002.[1]

Sudan People's Defence Forces
Participant in Second Sudanese Civil War
Active2000 - 2002
LeadersRiek Machar
Peter Par Jiek
Area of operationsUpper Nile
Battles and war(s)Second Sudanese Civil War

Riek Machar formed the SPDF mostly from deserters of the pro-Khartoum South Sudan Defence Forces (SSDF)[2] and later merged it with the SPLM/A.[1]

Notes

    Citations
    1. Rone 2003, p. 12.
    2. Rone 2003, p. 4.
    gollark: That doesn't reference messages, merely people.
    gollark: I mean, it's partly GTech™ orbital weather management arrays. But weather is a complex chaotic system, so we don't *entirely* control it.
    gollark: Highly advanced.
    gollark: ++tel graph
    gollark: I fixed things and also broke others!

    References
    • Rone, Jemera (2003). Sudan, Oil, and Human Rights. Human Rights Watch. ISBN 9781564322913.
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