Sri Lanka Army Special Forces Regiment
The Sri Lanka Army Special Forces Regiment (SF) (Sinhala: විශේෂ බලකාය Visēsha Balakāya; Tamil: சிறப்பு படைகள் ரெஜிமென்ட்) is one of two special operations units of the Sri Lanka Army, alongside the Sri Lanka Army Commando Regiment. Since its inception as a combat tracker team in 1986, the unit gradually expanded into a brigade consisting of several regiments. It is one of the top-secret units in the Sri Lanka Army.
| Special Forces Regiment | |
|---|---|
 Special Forces Regiment crest | |
| Active | December 1986 – Present |
| Country | Sri Lanka |
| Branch | Sri Lanka Army |
| Type | Special Forces |
| Role | Asymmetric warfare Counter Terrorism Special Operations |
| Size | Four Regiments |
| Regimental Headquarters | Naula |
| Nickname(s) | SF |
| Motto(s) | අධිෂ්ඨානයෙන් අභීතව අරමුණ කරා (Sinhala: To the target with determination and bravery Determined, Dared and Done |
| Colors | Red and Black |
| Engagements | Sri Lankan Civil War |
| Commanders | |
| Current commander | Brigadier Harendra Ranasinghe |
| Colonel of the Regiment | Lieutenant General Mahesh Senanayake |
| Notable commanders | Colonel A.F. Lafir |
History
The Sri Lanka Army Special Forces Regiment evolved from an organization initially known as the "Combat Tracker Team". At its inception in 1985, this force had two officers and 38 men and was tasked with carrying out small group operations deep inside LTTE territory. This Combat Tracker Team was led by Major (later Major General) G. Hettiarachchi from the Sri Lanka Armoured Corps (SLAC) and Lieutenant (later Colonel) A. F. Lafir.
After the formation of the Special Service Group (SSG), the Combat Tracker Team became the SSG's reconnaissance element. The SSG was ultimately disbanded, and after this the Combat Tracker Team changed its name to the Rapid Deployment Force (RDF) (Special Force) and operated independently. Following several successful operations, the RDF was gradually expanded to four squadrons. In December 1988, the RDF (SF) was officially designated as the 1st Regiment Special Forces. At present the Special Forces consists of a Regimental Centre, SF Brigade, Training School, four battalions and the Regimental Headquarter Battalion – Special Forces.
Identification symbols
Black beret with regimental cap badge with Jolly Roger skull-and-crossed-bones arm patch "Special Forces" shoulder tab
Function
Current SF roles are believed to include:
- Military Intelligence.
- Special Reconnaissance.
- Counter Terrorism.
- Counter Proliferation.
- Unconventional Warfare
- Direct Action.
- Black Operations.
Selection
There has been no informative disclosure about the selection and induction processes of the Special Forces Brigade confirmed by the Sri Lankan Army. Information regarding the unit's selection and induction processes remain highly classified.
Long Range Reconnaissance Patrol
The Long Range Reconnaissance Patrol (LRRP) is designated as covert operations unit of the Sri Lanka Army. This unit is operated under the Directorate of Military Intelligence of the Army and for this LRRP, it is believed to be composed of personnel from the Commando Regiment and Special Forces Regiment.
Training
Special Forces Training School was established on 15 February 1992 and it is conducting the basic and specialized training for all Special Forces personnel. It also conducts special courses to train instructors from other battalions in the Army and has also helped to train Navy Special Boat Squadron personnel and Sri Lanka Air Force Regiment Special Force.
Units
- 1st Regiment Special Forces consist of highly trained Special Forces Vehicle Operators.
- 2nd Regiment Special Forces was initially raised in 1994 with three squadrons. Later, it became a fully fledged battalion with four fighting squadrons. It has a diving team with assault boats and combat divers capable in carrying out underwater demolition.
- 3rd Regiment Special Forces, which was initially established as an Amphibious Warfare unit in 1996, has changed its roles and currently serves as the main Counter Terrorist unit of the Special Forces Brigade. Selection for this unit is open to all active-duty members of the Special Forces Brigade.
- 4th Regiment Special Forces was established in 2008.
- 5th Regiment Special Forces, which was established in 2009, was disbanded on 1 April 2012.
- A new special urban fighting squadron was raised on 16 April 2012 for hostage rescue and counter terrorism missions.
Insignia
The insignia depicts an Eagle and has been regarded as symbol of courage and warlike qualities, a sine qua non for any member of the Special Forces. The superior imposition of the eagle indicates the ability the unit of scooping towards its prey. It is well equipped for its task with its hooked beak. Wonderful keen eyes help to locate the target, powerful wings help to rush to the target, curved talons help to grab the target and the hooked beak helps to destroy the target. All these features have been adapted to meet its requirements.
Four sharp arrows are placed on the background of the insignia, pointing to either side. These depict the regiments basic concept of a 4-man team and its capability of deep penetration (LRRP) into enemy territory and operating in small groups whose skills and have been sharpened as an arrow's head. Placing them crossing each other is intended to give the idea of combined strength and mutual support within as well as with other forces in all types of operation.
Recipient of the Parama Weera Vibhushanaya
Notable members
- Major General G. Hettiarachchi, WWV, RWP, RSP, USP,
- Colonel A.F. Lafir PWV, RWP, RSP † – Former Commanding Officer of the 1st Regiment Special Forces
- Lieutenant Colonel J.A.L Jayasinghe, WWV, RWP, RSP †
- Lieutenant General Mahesh Senanayaka -Former Special Forces Brigade Commander and Present Commander Of the Army
- Major General Presanne Silva Retd -Former Special Forces Brigade Commander
- Colonel Raj Vijesiri Retd- Founder of the Long Range Concept for Special Forces and former Special forces Brigade Commander
- Major Ajith Perera Retd
- Major Rohan Wijesinghe Retd
- Lt Col Channe Waduge Retd
- Major General Nirmal Dharmaratne -Former Special Forces Brigade Commander
- Brigadier Harendra Ranasingle – Former Special Forces Brigade Commander
- Brigadier Sujeewa Senarathyapa – Special Forces Brigade Commander
- Colonel Nishshanka Eriyagama
- Colonel Chandimal Pires
- Colonel Mahinda Ranasingle
- Colonel Vipula Ihalage
- Col Thushara Mahalekam
- Lt Colonel Kamal Amarasighe
- Lt Col Presad Randunu
- Lt Col Kanchana Weerasinghe
- Lt Colonel Kavin Perera
- Major Darshama Ratnayaka Retd
- Major Upul Wirasinghe Retd
- Major Udaya Konarasinghe Retd
Order of precedence
| Preceded by Commando Regiment |
Order of Precedence | Succeeded by Military Intelligence Corps |
Further reading
- The Perfect Soldier: Special Operations, Commandos, and the Future of U.S. Warfare by James F. Dunnigan[1]
References
- Publisher : Citadel, Year:(June 1, 2003), Language: English, ISBN 0-8065-2415-4 / ISBN 978-0-8065-2415-3