Slipknot discography

The American heavy metal band Slipknot has released six studio albums, two live albums, one compilation album, one demo album, twenty-five singles, five video albums and twenty-seven music videos. They released We Are Not Your Kind on August 9, 2019.[1] Formed in Des Moines, Iowa in 1995, Slipknot originally featured vocalist and percussionist Anders Colsefni, guitarists Donnie Steele and Josh "Gnar" Brainard, bassist Paul Gray, drummer Joey Jordison, and percussionist and backing vocalist Shawn "Clown" Crahan.[2] The original lineup released its first demo Mate. Feed. Kill. Repeat. in 1996, before undergoing a number of lineup changes over the next few years.[3]

Slipknot discography
Slipknot performing live in 2013.
Studio albums6
Live albums2
Compilation albums1
Video albums5
Music videos27
Singles25
Demo albums1

Finalising its lineup as a nine-piece consisting of Corey Taylor (vocals), Mick Thomson, Jim Root (both guitars), Paul Gray (bass), Joey Jordison (drums), Shawn "Clown" Crahan, Chris Fehn (both percussion), Sid Wilson (turntables) and Craig Jones (samples), Slipknot signed with Roadrunner Records and released its self-titled debut album in June 1999.[4] Slipknot reached number 51 on the US Billboard 200,[5] and has since been certified double platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA).[6] The band followed this up in 2001 with Iowa, which reached number 3 on the Billboard 200 and topped the UK Albums Chart.[5][7] Slipknot also released its first two videos during this period – Welcome to Our Neighborhood, a collection of music videos and live footage, in 1999,[8] and Disasterpieces, a live concert recorded in London, England, in 2002.[9]

After a short hiatus, Slipknot returned in 2004 with its third studio album Vol. 3: (The Subliminal Verses), which reached number 2 on the Billboard 200.[5] The album was supported by a successful lead single in "Duality", which reached the top 10 of both the US Billboard Alternative Songs and Mainstream Rock charts.[10][11] Later singles "Vermilion" and "Before I Forget" also registered on both charts.[10][11] The band's first live album, 9.0: Live, followed the next year and reached the top 20 of the Billboard 200.[5] Third video album Voliminal: Inside the Nine was released in December 2006.[12] 2008's All Hope Is Gone, Slipknot's fourth studio album, was the band's first to top the Billboard 200, as well as several album charts in other regions.[13] "Psychosocial", "Dead Memories" and "Snuff" all reached the Billboard Alternative Songs top 20.[10]

On May 24, 2010, founding member Paul Gray died of an "accidental overdose of morphine and fentanyl".[14] In September the band dedicated its fourth video album (sic)nesses to the deceased bassist, which documented its performance at Download Festival in 2009.[15] The release topped the Music Video charts in the US and the UK.[16][17] A compilation album, Antennas to Hell, followed in 2012.[18] After returning to touring in 2011 with former guitarist Donnie Steele on bass,[19] Slipknot also parted ways with Joey Jordison in 2013 in controversial circumstances.[20] The group resurfaced in 2014 with Alessandro Venturella on bass and Jay Weinberg on drums, releasing the Gray-dedicated .5: The Gray Chapter in October that year, which followed All Hope Is Gone in topping the Billboard 200.[5]

As of March 2019, Slipknot has sold 30 million units of records worldwide.[21]

Albums

Studio albums

List of studio albums, with selected chart positions and certifications
Title Album details Peak chart positions Certifications
US
[5]
AUS
[22]
AUT
[23]
CAN
[24]
FIN
[25]
GER
[26]
JPN
[27]
NZ
[28]
SWE
[29]
UK
[7]
Slipknot 51323035495337
Iowa
  • Released: August 28, 2001
  • Label: Roadrunner
  • Formats: CD, 2LP, CS
328134395101
Vol. 3: (The Subliminal Verses)
  • Released: May 25, 2004
  • Label: Roadrunner
  • Formats: CD, 2LP, CS, CD+DVD
225222325
All Hope Is Gone
  • Released: August 26, 2008
  • Label: Roadrunner
  • Formats: CD, CD+DVD, 2LP, DL
1121122112
.5: The Gray Chapter
  • Released: October 21, 2014
  • Label: Roadrunner
  • Formats: CD, 2CD, 2LP, DL
1121421232
We Are Not Your Kind
  • Released: August 9, 2019
  • Label: Roadrunner
  • Formats: CD, 2LP, DL
1131129241

Live albums

List of live albums, with selected chart positions and certifications
Title Album details Peak chart positions Certifications
US
[5]
AUS
[22]
AUT
[23]
FRA
[47]
GER
[26]
IRL
[48]
JPN
[27]
SWE
[29]
SWI
[49]
UK
[7]
9.0: Live
  • Released: November 1, 2005
  • Label: Roadrunner
  • Format: 2CD
17261841245623404353
Day of the Gusano: Live in Mexico
  • Released: October 20, 2017
  • Label: Eagle Vision
  • Formats: 2CD, 3LP, DL
25

Compilation albums

List of compilation albums, with selected chart positions and certifications
Title Album details Peak chart positions Certifications
US
[5]
AUS
[22]
AUT
[23]
CAN
[24]
FIN
[25]
GER
[26]
JPN
[27]
NZ
[28]
SWE
[29]
UK
[7]
Antennas to Hell
  • Released: July 24, 2012
  • Label: Roadrunner
  • Format: CD, CD+DVD
18161022131010221322

Demo albums

List of demo albums
Title Album details
Mate. Feed. Kill. Repeat.
  • Released: October 31, 1996
  • Label: Pale One Records[upper-alpha 1]
  • Format: CD

Singles

List of singles, with selected chart positions and certifications, showing year released and album name
Title Year Peak chart positions Certifications Album
US
Bub.

[52]
US
Alt.
[10]
US
Main.

[11]
AUS
[22]
GER
[26]
NED
[53]
NZ
[28]
SWE
[29]
UK
[7]
UK
Rock

[54]
"Wait and Bleed" 1999 344652271 Slipknot
"Spit It Out" 2000 99281  
"Left Behind" 2001 3097245   Iowa
"My Plague" 2002 43  
"Duality" 2004 665286335151 Vol. 3: (The Subliminal Verses)
"Vermilion" 171474312  
"Before I Forget" 2005 3211353
"The Nameless" 25  
"The Blister Exists"[58][59][60] 2006  
"All Hope Is Gone" 2008 4298   All Hope Is Gone
"Psychosocial" 2207843135286717
"Dead Memories" 19337  
"Sulfur" 2009 18  
"Snuff" 10122
  • RIAA: Platinum[6]
"The Negative One" 2014 3376711   .5: The Gray Chapter
"The Devil in I" 232881352
"Custer" 2015 28  
"Killpop" 1028  
"XIX" 12  
"Goodbye" 2016 22  
"All Out Life" 2018 17[upper-alpha 2][upper-alpha 3]997   Non-album single
"Unsainted" 2019 201086[upper-alpha 4][upper-alpha 5]682   We Are Not Your Kind
"Solway Firth" 14  
"Birth of the Cruel"[66] 9  
"Nero Forte" 18[upper-alpha 6]844  
"—" denotes a release that did not chart or was not issued in that region.

Other charted songs

List of other charted songs, with selected chart positions, showing year released and album name
Title Year Charts Album
US
Rock

[68]
NZ
Hot

[69]
UK
Rock

[70]
"Sarcastrophe" 2014 17 .5: The Gray Chapter
"AOV" 27
"Insert Coin" 2019 3920 We Are Not Your Kind
"Death Because of Death" 4018
"Critical Darling" 19228
"A Liar's Funeral" 3822
"Red Flag" 303216
"What's Next" 33
"Spiders" 3425
"Orphan" 2823
"My Pain" 38
"Not Long for This World" 4339
"—" denotes a release that did not register on that chart.

Other appearances

List of other appearances, showing year released and album name
Title Year Album Ref.
"Snap" 2003 Freddy vs. Jason [71]

Videos

Video albums

List of video albums, with selected chart positions and certifications
Title Album details Charts Certifications
US
[72]
FIN
[73]
GER
[74]
JPN
[27]
NZ
[75]
UK
[76]
Welcome to Our Neighborhood
  • Released: November 9, 1999
  • Label: Roadrunner (#0981)
  • Format: VHS
120
Disasterpieces
  • Released: November 25, 2002
  • Label: Roadrunner (#0967)
  • Formats: 2DVD, VHS
316
Voliminal: Inside the Nine
  • Released: December 5, 2006
  • Label: Roadrunner (#0951)
  • Format: 2DVD
5844721
  • RIAA: Platinum[6]
  • MC: 2× Platinum[32]
(sic)nesses
  • Released: September 28, 2010
  • Label: Roadrunner (#0918)
  • Format: 2DVD
11542131
  • RIAA: Platinum[6]
Day of the Gusano: Live in Mexico
  • Released: October 20, 2017
  • Label: Eagle Vision
  • Formats: DVD, BD, DL
2
"—" denotes a release that did not chart or was not issued in that region.

Music videos

List of music videos, showing year released and director(s)
Title Year Director(s) Ref.
"Surfacing" (live) 1999 Thomas Mignone [79]
"Wait and Bleed" (live)
"Spit It Out"
"Wait and Bleed" (animated) 2000 Marc Smerling [80]
"Left Behind" 2001 Dave Meyers [81]
"My Plague" 2002 Matthew Amos, Simon Hilton [82]
"People = Shit" (live) Matthew Amos [83]
"The Heretic Anthem" (live)
"Duality" 2004 Tony Petrossian, Marc Klasfeld [84]
"Vermilion" Tony Petrossian, Shawn Crahan [85]
"Vermilion Pt. 2" Marc Klesfeld [86]
"Before I Forget" 2005 Tony Petrossian, Shawn Crahan [87]
"The Nameless" Shawn Crahan [88]
"The Blister Exists" 2007 [89]
"Psychosocial" 2008 P. R. Brown [90]
"Dead Memories" P. R. Brown, Shawn Crahan [91]
"Sulfur" 2009 [92]
"Snuff" [93]
"The Negative One" 2014 Shawn Crahan [94]
"The Devil in I" [95]
"Killpop" 2015 [96]
"XIX" [97]
"The Shape" (live) 2017 [98]
"All Out Life" 2018 [99]
"Unsainted" 2019 [100]
"Solway Firth" [101]
"Nero Forte" [102]
gollark: Also actual practical features.
gollark: Anyway. Compiler development is not easy, especially if you want something USEFUL with good error messages and such.
gollark: Limiting it to machine code is bizarre.
gollark: Typescript compiles to JavaScript, for example.
gollark: You totally can.

See also

Footnotes

  1. Mate. Feed. Kill. Repeat. was later reissued by -ismist Recordings in 1997.[51]
  2. "All Out Life" did not enter the NZ Top 40 Singles Chart, but peaked at number 26 on the NZ Hot Singles Chart.[62]
  3. "All Out Life" did not enter the Swedish Singellista Chart, but peaked at number 12 on the Swedish Heatseeker Chart.[63]
  4. "Unsainted" did not enter the NZ Top 40 Singles Chart, but peaked at number 17 on the NZ Hot Singles Chart.[64]
  5. "Unsainted" did not enter the Swedish Singellista Chart, but peaked at number 14 on the Swedish Heatseeker Chart.[65]
  6. "Nero Forte" did not enter the NZ Top 40 Singles Chart, but peaked at number 16 on the NZ Hot Singles Chart.[67]

References

  1. Moore, Sam (4 March 2019). "Slipknot confirm new album release date and announce KNOTFEST ROADSHOW tour". NME.
  2. Arnopp, Jason (May 31, 2011). Slipknot: Inside the Sickness, Behind the Masks. Random House. p. 40–41. ISBN 978-0091879334.
  3. Huey, Steve. "Slipknot: Biography & History". AllMusic. All Media Network. Retrieved July 28, 2016.
  4. Anderson, Rick. "Slipknot - Slipknot: Songs, Reviews, Credits". AllMusic. All Media Network. Retrieved July 28, 2016.
  5. "Billboard 200: Slipknot Chart History". Billboard. Retrieved July 27, 2016.
  6. "Gold & Platinum Search "Slipknot"". Recording Industry Association of America. Retrieved September 29, 2016.
  7. "Slipknot Full Official Chart History". Official Charts Company. Retrieved July 27, 2016.
  8. Crampton, Mark (May 8, 2001). Barcode Killers: The Slipknot Story in Words and Pictures. Chrome Dreams. p. 40. ISBN 978-1842401262.
  9. McIver, Joel (September 1, 2003). Slipknot Unmasked (Again). Omnibus Press. p. 103. ISBN 978-0711997646.
  10. "Alternative Songs: Slipknot Chart History". Billboard. Retrieved July 27, 2016.
  11. "Slipknot Chart History: Hot Mainstream Rock Tracks". Billboard. Retrieved November 6, 2018.
  12. "Slipknot Releases 'Voliminal' DVD Today". Blabbermouth.net. December 5, 2006. Retrieved July 28, 2016.
  13. "Slipknot's 'All Hope Is Gone' Is A European Chart Smash". Blabbermouth.net. September 5, 2008. Retrieved July 28, 2016.
  14. Crumb, Michael J. (June 21, 2010). "Slipknot bassist died of morphine overdose". Today. NBC News. Retrieved July 28, 2016.
  15. "Slipknot Dedicates New DVD To Late Bassist". Blabbermouth.net. September 24, 2010. Retrieved July 28, 2016.
  16. "Music Video Sales: October 16, 2010". Billboard. Retrieved July 27, 2016.
  17. "Official Music Video Chart Top 50: 03 October 2010 - 10 October 2010". Official Charts Company. Retrieved July 27, 2016.
  18. Heaney, Gregory. "Antennas to Hell: The Best of Slipknot - Slipknot: Songs, Reviews, Credits". AllMusic. Retrieved July 28, 2016.
  19. Adler, Shawn (March 12, 2011). "Slipknot Reveal Donnie Steele To Replace Deceased Bassist Paul Gray". MTV. Retrieved July 28, 2016.
  20. "Joey Jordison On Getting Fired From Slipknot: 'The Way They Did It Was Cowardly'". Blabbermouth.net. June 21, 2016. Retrieved June 28, 2016.
  21. "Knotfest Roadkill 2019". www.knotfestroadshow.com/. March 4, 2019.
  22. Peaks in Australia:
    • All except noted: "Discography Slipknot". australian-charts.com. Hung Medien. Retrieved July 27, 2016.
    • "Spit It Out", "Left Behind" and "Psychosocial": Ryan, Gavin (2011). Australia's Music Charts 1988–2010. Mt. Martha, VIC, Australia: Moonlight Publishing.
    • "The Negative One" and "The Devil in I": "Taylor Swift Shake It Off Tops ARIA Singles". Noise11. Retrieved September 2, 2018.
    • "Unsainted": "ARIA Chart Watch #526". auspOp. May 25, 2019. Retrieved May 25, 2019.
  23. "Discographie Slipknot". austriancharts.at (in German). Hung Medien. Retrieved July 27, 2016.
  24. "Slipknot Chart History: Billboard Canadian Albums". Billboard. Retrieved August 22, 2019.
  25. "Discography Slipknot". finnishcharts.com. Hung Medien. Retrieved July 27, 2016.
  26. "Discographie von Slipknot". GfK Entertainment. Retrieved August 14, 2019.
  27. "スリップノットのランキング" (in Japanese). Oricon. Retrieved July 27, 2016.
  28. "Discography Slipknot". charts.nz. Retrieved August 22, 2019.
  29. "Discography Slipknot". swedishcharts.com. Hung Medien. Retrieved July 27, 2016.
  30. "ARIA Charts - Accreditations - 2001 Albums". Australian Recording Industry Association. Retrieved July 27, 2016.
  31. "Slipknot: Slipknot". British Phonographic Industry. Retrieved February 15, 2019.
  32. "Gold/Platinum Search "Slipknot"". Music Canada. Retrieved July 27, 2016.
  33. "RIAJ Certification". Recording Industry Association of Japan. Retrieved March 3, 2018.
  34. "Slipknot: Iowa". British Phonographic Industry. Retrieved February 15, 2019.
  35. "Gold-/Platin-Datenbank" (in German). Bundesverband Musikindustrie. Archived from the original on December 2, 2013. Retrieved July 27, 2016. Note: User must manually define 'Interpret' search parameter as "Slipknot" and click 'Suchen'.
  36. "ARIA Charts - Accreditations - 2008 Albums". Australian Recording Industry Association. Retrieved July 27, 2016.
  37. "Slipknot: Vol 3: The Subliminal Verses". British Phonographic Industry. Retrieved February 15, 2019.
  38. "NZ Top 40 Albums Chart: 31 January 2005". Recorded Music NZ. Retrieved July 27, 2016.
  39. "Slipknot: All Hope Is Gone". British Phonographic Industry. Retrieved February 15, 2019.
  40. "NZ Top 40 Albums Chart: 10 November 2008". Recorded Music NZ. Retrieved July 27, 2016.
  41. "ARIA Charts - Accreditations - 2015 Albums". Australian Recording Industry Association. Retrieved July 27, 2016.
  42. "Slipknot: 5 - The Gray Chapter". British Phonographic Industry. Retrieved February 15, 2019.
  43. "Gold & Platin" (in German). International Federation of the Phonographic Industry. Archived from the original on February 1, 2010. Retrieved July 27, 2016. Note: User must manually define 'Interpret' search parameter as "Slipknot" and click 'Suchen'.
  44. "Slipknot: We Are Not Your Kind". British Phonographic Industry. Retrieved December 20, 2019.
  45. "Corey Taylor on Slipknot's "experimental" 'All Hope Is Gone' outtakes: "It's much more of a Radiohead vibe"". NME. 2019-08-05. Retrieved 2019-08-26.
  46. "Corey Taylor Offers Title of Unreleased 2008 SLIPKNOT Album, Says It Sounds Like RADIOHEAD". Metal Injection. 2019-08-26. Retrieved 2019-08-26.
  47. "Discographie Slipknot". lescharts.com (in French). Hung Medien. Retrieved July 27, 2016.
  48. "Discography Slipknot". irish-charts.com. Hung Medien. Retrieved July 27, 2016.
  49. "Slipknot". hitparade.ch (in German). Hung Medien. Retrieved July 27, 2016.
  50. "Slipknot: Antennas to Hell". British Phonographic Industry. Retrieved February 15, 2019.
  51. Birchmeier, Jason. "Mate. Feed. Kill. Repeat - Slipknot: Release Info". AllMusic. All Media Network. Retrieved July 28, 2016.
  52. "Slipknot – Chart history (Bubbling Under Hot 100)". Billboard. Retrieved June 4, 2019.
  53. "Discografie Slipknot". dutchcharts.nl (in Dutch). Hung Medien. Retrieved July 27, 2016.
  54. UK Rock & Metal Singles Chart peak positions for Slipknot singles:
  55. "Slipknot: Wait and Bleed". British Phonographic Industry. Retrieved February 15, 2019.
  56. "Slipknot: Duality". British Phonographic Industry. Retrieved February 15, 2019.
  57. "Slipknot: Before I Forget". British Phonographic Industry. Retrieved February 15, 2019.
  58. "allmusic ((( Vermilion > Overview )))". AllMusic. Retrieved June 8, 2010
  59. (2005-05-22) "SLIPKNOT: 'Before I Forget' 7" Picture Discs Due In June" Archived June 6, 2011, at the Wayback Machine. Blabbermouth.net. Retrieved June 9, 2010
  60. (2005-02-03) "Slipknot Choose "Before I Forget" For New Single". MetalUnderground.
  61. "Slipknot: Psychosocial". British Phonographic Industry. Retrieved February 15, 2019.
  62. "NZ Hot Singles Chart". Recorded Music NZ. November 12, 2018. Retrieved November 9, 2018.
  63. "Veckolista Heatseeker – Vecka 45, 9 november 2018". Sverigetopplistan. Retrieved November 10, 2018.
  64. "NZ Hot Singles Chart". Recorded Music NZ. May 27, 2019. Retrieved May 24, 2019.
  65. "Veckolista Heatseeker, vecka 21". Sverigetopplistan. Retrieved May 24, 2019.
  66. Reed, Ryan (August 5, 2019). "Hear Slipknot's Menacing New Song 'Birth of the Cruel'". Rolling Stone. Retrieved August 17, 2019.
  67. "NZ Hot Singles Chart". Recorded Music NZ. August 19, 2019. Retrieved August 17, 2019.
  68. "Slipknot Chart History: Hot Rock Songs". Billboard charts. Retrieved August 20, 2019.
  69. "NZ Hot Singles Chart". Recorded Music NZ. August 19, 2019. Retrieved August 17, 2019.
  70. UK Rock & Metal Singles Chart peak positions for Slipknot songs:
  71. Loftus, Johnny. "Freddy vs. Jason (Original Soundtrack) - Original Soundtrack: Songs, Reviews, Credits". AllMusic. All Media Network. Retrieved July 28, 2016.
  72. US Billboard Top Music Video peak chart positions for Slipknot video albums:
  73. Finnish Music Video Chart peak chart positions for Slipknot video albums:
  74. "Discographie Slipknot". germancharts.de (in German). Hung Medien. Retrieved July 27, 2016.
  75. "Top 10 Music DVDs: Chart #1741 - Monday 4 October 2010". Recorded Music NZ. Archived from the original on June 8, 2012. Retrieved July 28, 2016.
  76. UK Music Video Chart peak chart positions for Slipknot video albums:
  77. "Slipknot: Welcome to Our Neighborhood". British Phonographic Industry. Retrieved February 15, 2019.
  78. "Slipknot: Disasterpieces". British Phonographic Industry. Retrieved February 15, 2019.
  79. Welcome to Our Neighborhood (Media notes). Slipknot. Roadrunner Records. 1999.CS1 maint: others (link)
  80. "Slipknot - "Wait & bleed (version 2: animated)"". mvdbase.com. Retrieved July 28, 2016.
  81. "Archive News Jul 27, 2001". Blabbermouth.net. July 27, 2001. Retrieved July 27, 2016.
  82. My Plague: Slipknot. MTV. March 6, 2002. Archived from the original on February 2, 2009. Retrieved July 27, 2016.
  83. Iowa (10th Anniversary Edition) (Media notes). Slipknot. Roadrunner Records. 2011.CS1 maint: others (link)
  84. "Slipknot: 'Duality' Video Posted Online". Blabbermouth.net. April 29, 2004. Retrieved July 27, 2016.
  85. "Slipknot: 'Vermilion Pt. 1' Video Available For Download". Blabbermouth.net. September 21, 2004. Retrieved July 27, 2016.
  86. D'Angelo, Joe (September 14, 2004). "Slipknot Shoot Videos For Two Versions Of 'Vermilion'". MTV. Retrieved July 27, 2016.
  87. "Slipknot: 'Before I Forget' Video To Make Its Online Debut Tonight". Blabbermouth.net. May 11, 2005. Retrieved July 27, 2016.
  88. Slipknot: The Nameless. MTV. April 30, 2012. Retrieved July 27, 2016.
  89. "Slipknot: New 'The Blister Exists' Video Available". Blabbermouth.net. January 10, 2007. Retrieved July 27, 2016.
  90. Harris, Chris (July 17, 2008). "Slipknot's Clown On 'Psychosocial' Video: 'Our Goal Has Always Been To Infect'". MTV. Retrieved July 27, 2016.
  91. "Slipknot: 'Dead Memories' Video Available". Blabbermouth.net. October 27, 2008. Retrieved July 27, 2016.
  92. "Slipknot: 'Sulfur' Video Available". Blabbermouth.net. April 17, 2009. Retrieved July 27, 2016.
  93. "Slipknot: 'Snuff' Video Available". Blabbermouth.net. December 18, 2009. Retrieved July 27, 2016.
  94. Slipknot - The Negative One (Official Video). YouTube. August 5, 2014. Retrieved July 27, 2016.
  95. Slipknot - The Devil In I (Official Video). YouTube. September 12, 2014. Retrieved July 27, 2016.
  96. Slipknot - Killpop (Official Video). YouTube. June 8, 2015. Retrieved July 27, 2016.
  97. Slipknot - XIX (Official Video). YouTube. October 5, 2015. Retrieved July 27, 2016.
  98. Grow, Kory (May 5, 2017). "See Slipknot's Interactive 360-Degree 'The Shape' Video". Rolling Stone. Retrieved May 5, 2017.
  99. "Slipknot - All Out Life [OFFICIAL MUSIC VIDEO]". www.youtube.com. YouTube. Retrieved 31 October 2018.
  100. "Slipknot - Unsainted [OFFICIAL VIDEO]". www.youtube.com. YouTube. Retrieved 16 May 2019.
  101. "Slipknot - Solway Firth [OFFICIAL VIDEO]". www.youtube.com. YouTube. Retrieved 22 July 2019.
  102. "Slipknot - Nero Forte [OFFICIAL VIDEO]". www.youtube.com. YouTube. Retrieved 16 December 2019.

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