John Skylitzes

John Skylitzes, commonly Latinized as Ioannes[lower-alpha 1] Scylitzes (Greek: Ἰωάννης Σκυλίτζης, romanized: Iōánnēs Skylítzēs[lower-alpha 2], Byzantine Greek: [i.oˈan.nis sc̠y̜ˈlit.d͡zis]; Latin: Ioannes Scyllitzes[lower-alpha 3], Medieval Latin: [jɔˈan.ne̝s sk̟ilˈlit̪.d͡ze̝s]; early 1040s – after 1101[1]), was a Greek historian of the late 11th century.

Varangian Guardsmen, an illumination from the 11th century chronicle of John Skylitzes.
Depiction of Greek fire in the Madrid Skylitzes

Life

Very little is known about his life. The title of his work records him as a kouropalatēs and a former droungarios of the Vigla, whereby he is usually identified with a certain John Thrakesios.[2]

His major work is the Synopsis of Histories (Greek: Σύνοψις Ἱστοριῶν, [ˈsy̜.nop.sis is.to.riˈon]), which covers the reigns of the Byzantine emperors from the death of Nikephoros I in 811 to the deposition of Michael VI in 1057; it continues the chronicle of Theophanes the Confessor. There is a continuation of this work, known as Scylitzes Continuatus covering 1057 to 1079; some historians hypothesize that it was also written by Skylitzes.[2]

The Madrid Skylitzes
Main article: Madrid Skylitzes

The most famous manuscript of the Synopsis was produced in Sicily in the 12th century known as the Madrid Skylitzes (Latin: Skyllitzes Matritensis, [sk̟ilˈlit̪.d͡ze̝s ma.t̪riˈt̪ɛn.sis]), and is now at the Biblioteca Nacional de España in Madrid. It features 574 miniatures, while some 100 have been lost, and is the only surviving Byzantine illuminated chronicle in Greek, providing an invaluable primary source for the visualization of contemporary Byzantium.[2]

Notes
  1. alternate Latinized forms in common use include Joannes, Johannes, Iōannēs
  2. also rendered in Greek as Σκυλλίτζης, Skyllítzēs [sc̠y̜lˈlit.d͡zis], Σκυλίτσης, Skylítsēs [sc̠iˈlit.t͡sis], or Σκυλίτση, Skylítsē [sc̠iˈlit.t͡si]
  3. also rendered in Latin as Scylitia [sk̟iˈliː.t͡si.a], Scylitza [sk̟iˈlit̪.d͡za], or Schillizzi [sk̟ilˈlit̪.d͡zi]
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References
  1. Seibt
  2. Kazhdan (1991), p. 1914

Bibliography
  • Text: Thurn, Hans, ed. (1973). Ioannis Scylitzae Synopsis historiarum. Berlin-New York: De Gruyter.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link) The Thurn edition supersedes the much older one by Migne, below. A popular edition is being prepared for Kanakis books (with parallel Modern Greek translation) and a facsimile edition of the Madrid is also available from Militos (Μίλητος) Publishers.
  • AHRB Skylitzes Colloquium, Belfast, 21–22 September 2002, Institute for Byzantine Studies, Queen's University, Belfast.
  • John Wortley (trans.), John Scylitzes, a synopsis of histories (811-1057 A.D.): a provisional translation, Centre for Hellenic Civilization, University of Manitoba, 2000.
  • B. Flusin (trans.), J.-C. Cheynet (ed.), Jean Skylitzès: Empereurs de Constantinople, Ed. Lethielleux, 2004, ISBN 2-283-60459-1.
  • Kazhdan, Alexander, ed. (1991). Oxford Dictionary of Byzantium. Oxford University Press. p. 1914. ISBN 978-0-19-504652-6.
  • W. Seibt: Johannes Skylitzes: Zur Person des Chronisten, Jahrb. Österr. Byz. 25 (1976) 81-85.
  • Eirini-Sophia Kiapidou, Ἡ Σύνοψη Ἱστοριῶν τοῦ Ἰωάννη Σκυλίτζη καὶ οἱ πηγές της (811‐1057). Συμβολὴ στὴ βυζαντινὴ ἱστοριογραφία κατὰ τὸν ΙΑ΄ αἰώνα, Αthens 2010
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