Servetseza Kadın

Servetseza Kadın (Ottoman Turkish: ثروت سزا قادين‎, meaning "Worthy of riches" in Persian; 1 September 1823 – 25 September 1878)[1] was the first concubine and chief consort of Sultan Abdulmejid I of the Ottoman Empire.

In this Ottoman Turkish style name, Servetseza is the given name, the title is Kadın, and there is no family name.
Servetseza Kadın
Born(1823-09-01)1 September 1823
Maykop, Yegeruqwai Princedom, Circassia
Died25 September 1878(1878-09-25) (aged 55)
Kabataş Palace, Kabataş, Istanbul, Ottoman Empire
Burial
Yavuz Selim Mosque, Istanbul
Spouse
​
(
m. 1839; died 1861)
IssueAdoptive:
Fatma Sultan
Refia Sultan
Mehmed V
Full name
Turkish: Servetseza Kadın
Ottoman Turkish: ثروت سزا قادین‎
HouseHouse of Temyryko (by birth)
Ottoman (by marriage)
FatherPrince Temyryko Mansur
MotherPrincess Dadeshkeliani
ReligionSunni Islam

Early life

Servetseza Kadın was born on 1 September 1823 in Maykop, Yegeruqwai Princedom of Circassia. She was a member of the Circassian princely family of House of Temyryko (Kabardian: Темырыкъо) of princedom of Kabardia of Circassia. Her father was Prince Temyryko Mansur and her mother belonged to the Principality of Dadeshkeliani.[2] She had two elder siblings, a brother Prince Andok Bey (1818 – 1886) and a sister, Princess Fatma Şemsfer Hanım (1821 – 1855),[3] and a younger brother Prince Süleyman Bey (16 March 1825 – 1896).[4]

Marriage

When Abdulmejid ascended the throne, after the death of his father on 2 July 1839, Esma Sultan, daughter of Sultan Abdul Hamid I, in whose household Servetseza had served, selected her as a consort for her nephew, the new Sultan.[5] The marriage took place in 1839, and Servetseza became his principal consort with the title of "Senior Consort" directly after the wedding,[6] a position at which she remained throughout his entire reign.[7] The marriage strengthened the relations between the two dynasties.[2] After the wedding, Abdulmejid made her sister, Şemsfer Hanım, treasurer in the imperial harem.[3]

Leyla Achba, writes in her memoirs that she was an intelligent and a well cultured lady.[8] Charles White, who visited Istanbul in 1843, said following about her:

The Buyuk Kadinn...is described by those ladies who knew her previously to her removal to the palace as an interesting and accomplished woman, but not extraordinary for extra charms.[5]

Servetseza remained childless. After Gülcemal Kadın's death in 1851, her children, Fatma Sultan, Refia Sultan and Şehzade Mehmed Reşad (future Mehmed V) were entrusted in her care.[6][9] She had asked Abdulmejid to take the motherless children under her wing, and raise as her own, and carried out the duties of a mother who cares for her children with compassion and concern.[10]

When Bezmiâlem Sultan died in 1853, Servetseza was placed incharge of Abdulmejid's harem. Upon this occasion, Şevkefza Kadın took courage of Servetseza Kadın's affection for heir Şehzade Mehmed Murad (future Sultan Murad V) and Abdulmejid's wish to see his son as the next Sultan, and rose in opposition to Pertevniyal Sultan and her son Şehzade Abdulaziz (the future Sultan Abdulaziz).[11]

Widowhood, death and aftermath

After Abdulmejid's death on 25 June 1861, and the accession of his younger brother, Sultan Abdulaziz, Servetseza settled in the Kabataş Palace.[12][6] In 1872, she commissioned a fountain in the courtyard of Özbekler Tekke in Üsküdar.[13] She was apparently very fond of Murad, and after his deposition in 1876, she indiscreetly told many people that Abdul Hamid II had usurped the throne from him.[14][15]

Servetseza died on 25 September 1878, and was buried near the mausoleum of her husband at the Yavuz Selim Mosque, Istanbul.[16][17] It is believed by some that she was murdered. One night in Ramadan she is said to have gone to Abdul Hamid and warned him. She ordered him to give the throne back to it to its rightful owner. After pretending to heed her warning, he arranged that she be served with a poisoned drink. She died upon her return to her palace.[14][15]

Servetseza had been greatly benefited from her husband, Abdulmejid, and so the processions she bequeathed amounted to a great sum in value, especially her jewels. For this reason, Abdul Hamid didn't surrendered them to Reşad, and had her jewels brought to the Yıldız Palace for safekeeping along with two large trunks of her things. However, after Abdul Hamid was deposed in 1909, all the jewels and trunks were returned to the newly enthroned Sultan Mehmed Reşad.[18]

gollark: gnobody's site < osmarks.tk.
gollark: They have. You've just not been paying attention. Or anomalously forgot.
gollark: I suppose you're just bad at internet.
gollark: I do not.
gollark: They're obviously quite useful books in some fields.

See also

References
  1. Davis 1986, p. 105.
  2. Açba 2007, p. 22.
  3. Açba 2007, p. 23.
  4. Açba 2007, p. 24.
  5. White 1846, p. 10.
  6. Uluçay 1992, p. 203.
  7. Brookes 2020, p. 245.
  8. Açba 2004, p. 22.
  9. Brookes 2020, p. xvi, 245.
  10. Brookes 2020, p. 70-71.
  11. Sakaoğlu 2007, p. 232.
  12. Necdet 2007, p. 575.
  13. Haskan, Mehmet Nermi (2001). Yüzyıllar boyunca Üsküdar - Volume 1. Üsküdar Belediyesi. p. 434. ISBN 978-9-759-76060-1.
  14. Pars 1985, p. 207.
  15. Tuğlacı 1985, p. 207.
  16. Uluçay 1992, p. 203-4.
  17. Necdet 2007, p. 574.
  18. Brookes 2020, p. 71.

Sources
  • Harun Açba (2007). Kadın efendiler: 1839-1924. Profil. ISBN 978-9-759-96109-1.
  • Pars Tuğlacı (1985). Osmanlı Saray Kadınları. Cem Yayınevi.
  • Pars Tuğlacı (1985). Türkiyeʼde kadın, Volume 3. Cem Yayınevi.
  • Necdet Sakaoğlu (2007). Famous Ottoman women. Avea.
  • Türk Tarih Kurumu (1951). Türk Tarih Kurumu yayınları. Türk Tarih Kurumu Basımevı.
  • Mehmet Süreyya Bey (1969). Osmanlı devletinde kim kimdi, Volume 1. Küğ Yayını.
  • Fanny Davis (1986). The Ottoman Lady: A Social History from 1718 to 1918. Greenwood Publishing Group. ISBN 978-0-313-24811-5.
  • Leyla Açba, Harun Açba (2004). Bir Çerkes prensesinin harem hatıraları. L & M. ISBN 978-9-756-49131-7.
  • M. Çağatay Uluçay (1992). Padişahların Kadınları ve Kızları. Ankara : Türk Tarih Kurumu Basımevı. ISBN 978-9-751-60461-3.
  • Necdet Sakaoğlu (2007). Bu Mülkün Kadın Sultanları. Beyoğlu, İstanbul : Oğlak Yayıncılık ve Reklamcılık. ISBN 978-9-753-29299-3.
  • Charles White (1846). Three years in Constantinople; or, Domestic manners of the Turks in 1844. London, H. Colburn.
  • Brookes, Douglas S. (February 4, 2020). On the Sultan's Service: Halid Ziya Uşaklıgil's Memoir of the Ottoman Palace, 1909–1912. Indiana University Press. ISBN 978-0-253-04553-9.
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