Section 5 of the Constitution of Australia

Section 5 of the Constitution of Australia empowers the Governor-General of Australia to prorogue the Australian Parliament, thereby bringing the current legislative session to an end.[1] Prorogation clears all business pending before Parliament and allows the Houses to be called back on a particular date without triggering an election.[2][1] The date for the new session of Parliament may be specified either in the proroguing proclamation or when the Governor-General summons the Houses to meet again.[1]

Text

The full text of the section is:[3]

The Governor-General may appoint such times for holding the sessions of the Parliament as he thinks fit, and may also from time to time, by Proclamation or otherwise, prorogue the Parliament, and may in like manner dissolve the House of Representatives.

Summoning Parliament

After any general election the Parliament shall be summoned to meet not later than thirty days after the day appointed for the return of the writs.

First session

The Parliament shall be summoned to meet not later than six months after the establishment of the Commonwealth.

20th century prorogations in Australia

Prior to 1977, it was common for the federal Parliament to have up to three sessions, with Parliament being prorogued at the end of each session and recalled at the beginning of the next. This was not always the case, for instance the 10th Parliament (1926-1928) went full term without prorogation. The practice of having multiple sessions in the same Parliament gradually fell into disuse, and all Parliaments from 1978 to 2013 had a single session. Between 1961 and the turn of the century, prorogations only occurred three times - in 1968 to allow a new ministry to be formed following the death of Harold Holt, and in 1974 and 1977 to allow Queen Elizabeth II to officially open a new "session" of Parliament.[2]

Since 1990, it has been the practice for the Parliament to be prorogued on the same day that the House is dissolved so that the Senate will not be able to sit during the election period.[4]

2016 prorogation and recall of Parliament

The Turnbull Government relied on section 5 to reconvene the Australian Senate a week early on 3 May 2016, despite a majority of Senators having voted not to reconvene before 10 May 2016.[5] This forced the Senate (in which the Government lacked a majority) to reconvene and consider legislation that could form triggers for a double dissolution before the 2016 Australian federal election.[2]

gollark: Still working through my 14-dragon name backlog...
gollark: I got a *chicken* for an aeon once.
gollark: Indeed.
gollark: A CB one? Maaaaybe? I don't think so.
gollark: They're "rareish" by my mostly arbitrary classification.

See also

References
  1. Muller, Damon (23 March 2016). "So you've been prorogued – Common questions answered". Flagpost. Parliamentary Library (Australia). Retrieved 30 November 2016.
  2. Karp, Paul (21 March 2016). "How the PM used an obscure part of the constitution to recall parliament". The Guardian. Retrieved 24 March 2016.
  3. "5. Sessions of Parliament, prorogation and dissolution". aph.gov.au. Parliament of Australia. 16 January 2019. Retrieved 30 August 2019.
  4. "Chronology of Parliaments". House of Representatives Practice (6th ed.). Parliament of Australia. pp. 808–812.
  5. Coorey, Phillip (15 March 2016). "Turnbull keeps DD option alive amid threat to stop Senate sitting". Australian Financial Review. Fairfax. Retrieved 3 May 2017.
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