Schott AG

Schott AG is a company specializing in the manufacture of glass and glass-ceramics. It is headquartered in Mainz, Germany.

Schott AG
Aktiengesellschaft
IndustryGlass
Founded1884, Jena, Germany
FounderOtto Schott 
Headquarters
Mainz
,
Germany
Key people
Frank Heinricht
(Chairman of the Management Board)
ServicesGlass Manufacturing
Revenue2,2 billion Euro (2018/19)
OwnerCarl-Zeiss-Stiftung
Number of employees
16,200 in 34 countries, 5,800 of whom in Germany (2018/19)[1]
Websiteschott.com
Footnotes / references
Annual Report 2018/19

History

Founding
Company founder and namesake Otto Schott
The glass technical laboratory founded in Jena in 1884

In 1884, Otto Schott, Ernst Abbe, Carl Zeiss and his son Roderich Zeiss founded the Glastechnische Laboratorium Schott & Genossen (Glass Technical Laboratory Schott & Associates) in Jena, which initially produced optical glasses for microscopes and telescopes.[2] Jena glass was one of its early manufactured glass products. In 1891, the Carl Zeiss Foundation founded two years earlier by Ernst Abbe became a partner in the glass laboratory. The invention of borosilicate glass, resistant to chemicals, heat and temperature change, paved the way for new technical glasses for thermometers, laboratory equipment and gas lamps.

Products of Jenaer Glaswerks Schott & Gen at an exhibition in 1951.

The company experienced economic success. The workforce had grown to 1,233 by 1919.[3] Sales had doubled to 28 million marks by 1920. Otto Schott transferred his shares to the Carl Zeiss Foundation in 1919, fully rendering the glass laboratory a foundation company and renaming it Jenaer Glaswerk Schott & Gen (Jena Glassworks Schott & Assoc.). Erich Schott, the founder’s son, took over management of the glass factory in 1927.

Split

In the midst of Germany’s political division after World War II, the Jena factory was expropriated transformed into a state-owned entity in 1948. The company was divided in half: VEB Jenaer Glaswerk in Jena in East Germany, later integrated into the VEB Carl Zeiss Jena collective, and Jenaer Glaswerk Schott & Gen in Mainz in West Germany.[3] While the state-owned company in Jena developed into one of the most important specialty glass suppliers in Eastern Europe, Erich Schott developed an international group in Mainz with sales offices in Europe, the US and Asia.[4]. The company became a specialist glass manufacturer with products including glass components for television tubes, fiber optics for light and image conductors, mirror substrates for giant telescopes, glass-ceramic cooktop panels (serial production from 1973) and glass tubes for parabolic trough power plants. Following the German reunification, the Mainz plant assumed Jena’s company shares.[4]

Late 20th Century

The company experienced growth in the first decade after the fall of the Berlin Wall. Schott Glas, as it became known in 1998, developed into a technology group with 80 companies in 32 countries and global sales of over 3 billion Deutschmark. Schott had been operating at only 40 sites in ten countries with global sales of DM 1.31 billion in 1984. In 2004, Schott Glas converted from a dependent enterprise of its sister enterprise Carl Zeiss (Oberkochen) to become a legally independent Aktiengesellschaft—Schott AG.[5] The Carl Zeiss Foundation remains the sole shareholder of Schott AG. The Foundation Statute does not permit to sell its shares, ruling out the prospect of an IPO.

Solar industry

The technology group entered the solar industry in 2001, founding Schott Solar GmbH in 2005 (renamed Schott Solar AG in 2008). In 2008, Schott announced that it planned to produce crystalline photovoltaic cells and modules with a total of 450 MW annually. It also planned to produce thin-film PV wafers with a capacity of 100 MW.[6][7] In 2009, the company inaugurated a US$100 million solar manufacturing facility in Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA to build solar receivers for concentrated solar thermal power plants (CSP) and 64 MW of photovoltaic modules. They had already been making 15 MW of photovoltaics annually in Billerica, Massachusetts, until the factory was closed in 2009.[8] The company was also engaged in concentrated solar power technology, by manufacturing solar receiver tubes. In June 2012, Schott announced that its Albuquerque plant would close down, laying off all photovoltaic cell manufacturing employees immediately and ramping down the remaining employees over the rest of the summer.[9] Schott withdrew from its solar business in 2012 and Schott Solar AG was dissolved.

Company profile

The supervisory board appointed Frank Heinricht as chairman of the board of management of Schott AG in June 2013.[10] Heinricht, a German physicist with a doctorate in engineering,[11] succeeded Udo Ungeheuer, who had served as Chairman from 2004.

The company started operating in China since 2011,[12] with a large production.

Schott reported sales worth 2.05 billion Euros in its fiscal year 2016/2017.[13]. In 2017/2018 sales increase to 2.08 billion euros with an annual profit of 208 million euros. In 2019 Schott reportes sales worth 2.2. billion Euros with an annual profit of 206 million euros. Schott AG employs around 16.200 people in production and sales facilities in 34 countries, including around 5,800 in Germany (as of 2019) [14].

The sole owner of Schott AG is the Carl Zeiss Foundation, which holds all shares and is partly financed from the dividends.[5]

Plants in Germany
  • Mainz: Optical glass, glass-ceramic cooktop panels, fire viewing panels, fiber optics, pharmaceutical tubing
  • Grünenplan: Thin glass
  • Jena: Fire-resistant glass
  • Landshut: Electronic packaging
  • Mitterteich: Glass tubing, rods and profiles for technical and pharmaceutical applications
  • Müllheim: Pharmaceutical packaging

Products
A Schott Erlenmeyer flask

Schott produces a wide range of specialty glasses and glass-ceramics in large quantities for many industries, including household appliances, pharmaceuticals, electronics, optics, life sciences, automotive and aerospace. It also manufactures telescope mirror substrates for use in astronomy:

  • Very Large Telescope (1991–1993: four mirrors of 8.2 m diameter each)
  • Keck Observatory (1993–1996: two mirror segments of 10.0 m diameter each)
  • Gran Telescopio Canarias (2007–2008: one mirror segment of 10.4 m diameter)

Schott was commissioned in 2017 to produce four of five mirrors for the European Extremely Large Telescope (ELT), including the primary mirror, which is made up of 798 hexagons.[15]

Schott’s brands include Ceran (glass-ceramic cooktop panels), Pyran (fire-resistant glass), Robax (fire viewing panels), Fiolax (glass tubing for pharmaceutical containers), HelioJet (aircraft cabin lighting), Puravis (fiber optics for medical technology) and Zerodur (glass-ceramic for telescope mirror substrates and the semiconductor industry).

Literature
  • German Glassmaker Schott Scouts U.S. for Acquisitions After Tax Overhaul. In: The Wall Street Journal, 22 December 2017
  • Schott increases production capacity for pharma tubing in India. In: BioSpectrum, 1 July 2019
  • German glass-maker Schott bakes 32% growth, credits make in India as one reason. In: Pharma BioWorld, 25 October 2018
  • Schott Partners with Smart Skin Technologies to Improve Pharmaceutical Glass Packaging. In: Ceramic Industry, 12 October 2018
  • Glassmaker Schott focuses its acquisition plans on the dynamic US market. In: Laser Focus World (Trade), 6 July 2018
  • Schott teams up with Smart Skin Technologies. In: Manufacturing Chemist, 10 October 2018
  • Schott Focuses Acquisition Plans on US Market. In: PRINTed Electronics Now (Trade), 28 June 2018
  • Driving the Future of Technology with Glass. In: Ceramics Industry, 3 December 2018
gollark: Well, most sanely designed network-capable applications *can* use it.
gollark: Because IPv6 is cool and good and much better than IPv4.
gollark: > IPv6 is disabled on my computerWell, you should undisable it.
gollark: Hopefully eventually IPv6 will actually get wide deployment and we can finally avoid the horrors of NAT.
gollark: A very pointless reward, that is.

References
  1. "Annual Report 2018/19". SCHOTT. Retrieved 21 January 2020.
  2. Werner Vogel: Glass Chemistry, 2. Edition, Springer Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 1994, S. 10.
  3. Kappler, Dieter; Steiner, Jürgen; Schott AG (2009). Schott : 1884-2009 ; vom Glaslabor zum Technologiekonzern. Mainz: Schmidt. ISBN 978-3-935647-45-8. OCLC 467893033.CS1 maint: date and year (link)
  4. "Milestones - The corporate history at a glance". www.schott.com. Retrieved 21 January 2020.
  5. "SCHOTT ist jetzt Aktiengesellschaft" [SCHOTT is now joint-stock company] (in German). Munich: analytica-world news, Messe München GmbH. 2 July 2004. Retrieved 2 December 2019.
  6. "Schott AG to build PV production in USA". EETimes. Retrieved 15 March 2016.
  7. http://www.schott.com/solar/english/index.html Website Schott Solar
  8. "Schott Solar to shutter PV module production facility in Billerica, MA". PV-Tech. Retrieved 15 March 2016.
  9. Robinson-Avila, Kevin. "Updated: Schott Solar Mesa del Sol Plant To Shut". www.abqjournal.com. Retrieved 15 March 2016.
  10. "Frank Heinricht appointed Chairman of the Board of Management of SCHOTT AG". Retrieved 21 January 2020.
  11. https://www.bloomberg.com/profile/person/5715214
  12. http://www.rechargenews.com/solar/846169/schott-solar-to-establish-300mw-of-production-in-china
  13. "Annual Report 2016/17". SCHOTT. Retrieved 23 January 2018.
  14. =http://www.schott.com/english/company/business_report.html
  15. "First ELT Main Mirror Segments Successfully Cast". Munich: European Southern Observatory (ESO). 8 January 2019. Retrieved 2 December 2019.
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