Sarcodontia setosa

Sarcodontia setosa is a species of toothed crust fungus in the family Meruliaceae. It is a white rot species that found in Europe and North America.

Sarcodontia setosa
Scientific classification
Kingdom:
Fungi
Division:
Basidiomycota
Class:
Agaricomycetes
Order:
Polyporales
Family:
Meruliaceae
Genus:
Sarcodontia
Species:
S. setosa
Binomial name
Sarcodontia setosa
(Pers.) Donk (1952)
Synonyms[1]
  • Hydnum setosum Pers. (1825)
  • Dryodon setosus (Pers.) Pat. (1889)
  • Hydnum earleanum Sumst. (1904)
  • Acia setosa (Pers.) Bourdot & Galzin (1928)
  • Mycoacia setosa (Pers.) Donk (1931)
  • Oxydontia setosa (Pers.) L.W.Mill. (1933)
  • Hydnum luteocarneum Secr. (1833)

Taxonomy

The fungus was originally described by Christiaan Hendrik Persoon in 1825 as Hydnum setosum. Marinus Anton Donk transferred it to the genus Sarcodontia in 1952.[2]

Description

The fungus grows as a thick, yellow crust on the underside of damaged apple tree branches, with dimensions of 3–20 cm (1–8 in) wide by 5–20 cm (2–8 in) long. The tightly-packed teeth are 5–12 mm (0.2–0.5 in) long and have tapered tips. They are pale to bright yellow in colour, although both bruising and age tend to cause a reddish discolouration. The odour of the fungus has been described as "fruity but unpleasant".[3]

Fruit bodies of the fungus contain the benzoquinone-derived compound sarcodontic acid, which impart the yellow colour.[4] The fungus is inedible,[5] but can be used as a mushroom dye, and produces a pinkish-brown colour with a variety of mordants.[6]

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References
  1. "GSD Species Synonymy: Sarcodontia setosa (Pers.) Donk". Species Fungorum. Retrieved 2017-09-14.
  2. Donk, M.A. (1952). "The status of the generic name Oxydontia L.W. Miller ("Hydnaceae")". Mycologia. 44 (2): 262–263. doi:10.1080/00275514.1952.12024195.
  3. Baroni, Timothy J. (2017). Mushrooms of the Northeastern United States and Eastern Canada. Timber Press Field Guide. Timber Press. p. 473. ISBN 978-1-60469-814-5.
  4. Křepinský, J.; Herout, V.; Šorm, F.; Vystrčil, A.; Prokeš, R.; Jommi, G. (1965). "Plant substances. XXIII. The structure of sarcodontic acid". Collection of Czechoslovak Chemical Communications. 30: 2626–2630. doi:10.1135/cccc19652626.
  5. Phillips, Roger (2010). Mushrooms and Other Fungi of North America. Buffalo, NY: Firefly Books. p. 318. ISBN 978-1-55407-651-2.
  6. Bessette, Arleen Rainis; Bessette, Alan (2001). The Rainbow Beneath My Feet: A Mushroom Dyer's Field Guide. Syracuse University Press. pp. 60–61. ISBN 978-0-8156-0680-2.
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