Santoyo

Santoyo is a municipality located in the province of Palencia, Castile and León, Spain.

Santoyo
Municipality of Spain
Church of St. John the Baptist
Flag
Coat of arms
Santoyo
Location of Santoyo within Castile and León
Santoyo
Location of Santoyo within Spain
Santoyo
Location of Santoyo within Europe
Coordinates: 42°12′53″N 04°20′36″W
Country Spain
Autonomous community Castile and León
Province Palencia
ComarcaTierra de Campos
Government
 • MayorCésar Javier Pérez Andrés (PP)
Area
 • Total34,69 km2 (1,339 sq mi)
Elevation
780 m (2,560 ft)
Population
 (2018)[1]
 • Total197
 • Density0.057/km2 (0.15/sq mi)
Time zoneUTC+1 (CET)
 • Summer (DST)UTC+2 (CEST)
Postal code
34490
Dialing code979
Websitesantoyo.es

History

The lands within the borders of the current municipality of Santoyo were populated since, at least, classical antiquity. In the Sarnallano moor some material remains of a vaccaean fort can be found. The "Las Quintanas" Roman villa was built in the Late_Roman_Empire, probably in the 4th century - in the 1990s archaeologists discovered amongst its ruins an oven, a hypocaustum, some pottery (both terra sigillata and common) and a well full of debris.

All settlements were abandoned as a consequence of the downfall of the Visigothic Kingdom. The current Santoyo is the result of a resettlement carried out in September 988 (late 10th century) under Fernán de Armentales, a vassal of count García Fernández of Castile. The name of the town itself is most probably derived from the latin Sanctus Ioannes. In the 11th century it was a fortified town, but very scarce remains of the wall have survived.

Church of St. John the Baptist

Built as a romanesque church in the late 12th century, only some windows in the central nave display this initial style. The bell tower (late 13th century) transitions to Gothic. The transept, presbytery and apse are built in late, Flamboyant Gothic (15th century) similar in style to the contemporary parts of Burgos cathedral, by Juan de Arce and Martín de Solórzano. The church's main, southern entrance is covered by a plateresque portico, known as the patriarch's portico, having been funded by Antonio de Rojas Manrique, Patriarch of the West Indies in the 16th century.[2]

Inside the church, the most relevant element is the renaissance reredos, funded by Sebastián Cordero de Nevares. Additionally, a visigothic baptismal font and a plateresque (15th century) walnut wood pulpit can be found. The choir features a baroque organ, built in 1738 by Pedro Merino de la Rosa, carved walnut choir stalls finished in 1750 and a sixteenth-century mudéjar wooden ceiling (1490-1510).

The church has been listed as a Bien de Interés Cultural.

  • Reredos
  • Southern entrance
  • Gothic apse in the early 20th century

Organ

The organ is a baroque instrument built in 1738 by Pedro Merino de la Rosa. It features a single 45-note manual with a shorter first octave. The stoplist is as follows[3]:

Mano izquierda (Left hand)
Flautado13'
Violón
Octava
Docena
Quincena
Decinovena
Lleno III
Címbala III
Nasardo III
Trompeta Real
Clarín de bajos
Bajoncillo
Violetas
Mano derecha (Right hand)
Flautado13'
Violón
Octava
Docena
Quincena
Decinovena
Lleno III
Címbala III
Corneta y Clarín de eco
Trompeta Real
Trompeta Magna
Clarín
Clarinete

Other landmarks
  • Chapel of Nuestra Señora de Quintanilla.
  • Las Quintanas Roman villa.
  • Rollo de justicia: a pillar with combined functions of pillory and perron. It is, in reality, a 20th century reconstruction of an earlier rollo places outside the town, and some of its parts have different origins. It was built in 1977 to celebrate the 600th anniversary of the birth of Fray Pedro de Santoyo, a franciscan, founder of the Villasilos monastery. It has been listed as Bien de Interés Cultural[4]
  • Rollo de justicia

Museums
  • Centro Temático del Palomar (Thematic dovecote centre): Built inside a traditional farmhouse in 2007, it explains the dove-keeping and dovecote architectural traditions in Tierra de Campos.[5]

Notable people

Demographic evolution
1900 1910 1920 1930 1940 1950 1960 1970 1981 1991 2012 2013 2014
1.012 997 789 717 628 618 579 494 381 295 241 235 230
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References
  1. Municipal Register of Spain 2018. National Statistics Institute.
  2. http://santoyo.es/index.php/turismo/lugares-de-interes/iglesia-de-san-juan-bautista/
  3. https://aradueycampos.org/wp-content/uploads/2009/12/INVENTARIO_ORGANOS.pdf
  4. Portal santoyo.es.
  5. Portal municipal. Palomares y Centro Temático del Palomar.
  6. https://infovaticana.com/blogs/reflexiones-candil/sebastian-cordero-de-nevares-secretario-real-de-felipe-ii/
  7. Noticia sobre la muerte del abad Dom Isaac María Toribios. En ABC.
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