Saint Bibiana (Bernini)

Saint Bibiana is a sculpture by the Italian artist Gian Lorenzo Bernini. It sits in the high altar of the church of Santa Bibiana in Rome.[1] Bernini received his first payment for the work in 1624, and his final payment in 1626. A seventeenth-century print of the statue exists in the Teylers Museum, Harlem, the Netherlands.[2]

For the fourth century saint, see Saint Bibiana.
Saint Bibiana
ArtistGian Lorenzo Bernini
Year1624–26 (1624–26)
Catalogue20
TypeSculpture
MediumMarble
SubjectSaint Bibiana
LocationSanta Bibiana, Rome

History

Statue of Saint Bibiana is the first example of this Christian Baroque type. It was commissioned in 1624 by rediscovering of saint's body at the beginning of the pontificate of Urban VIII., who that event considered as a good sign of the beginning of his papacy. Therefore, he initiated rebuilding of the original church in the new Baroque style, also with creating of interior and new high altar of Saint Bibiana. Execution of the works and sculpture was commissioned to Gian Lorenzo Bernini.

Iconography

Statue of St. Bibiana is created as standing female figure draped in a robe along with her attributes column and palm branches. The essence of the work is based on gestures and expressions of St. Bibiana. Her opened mouth and view heading to the skies, evokes emotional conflict of the face. While one hand is holding the palm branch in calm, the other hand lying on the column with forearm gently in front of evoking resistance to story. Statue does not shows the ceratian point of the Saint's life, but only abstract story characterized figure. The more is possible to see emotions of Saint Bibiana and her illusive devotion. The statue is placed in a niche of the altar, which is located at the end of the church. Creating of new unusual window above of the altar brings bright glow of light and supports that mystical feeling of the whole scene. Theatricality and play with light is also created by small windows in vault of the church that illuminates statue of Saint Bibiana itself .

Contemporary Damage

The sculpture was shown as part of the large Bernini retrospective at the Galleria Borghese in Rome (2017-18) On its return to the church of Santa Bibiana, the ring finger of the saint's right hand was broken off.[3][4]

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References
Notes
  1. Art and Architecture in Italy, 1600-1750: The High Baroque, 1625-1675, Volume 2 edited by Joseph Connors, Jennifer Montagu, p6-7
  2. Rossi, Giovanni Giacopo de (werkz. XVII) & Bernini, Giovanni Lorenzo (1598-1680). "Altaar met beeld St. Bibiana te Rome". Europeana. Retrieved 2013-04-19.CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  3. "Santa Bibiana perde un dito: mutilato il capolavoro del Bernini durante un trasloco". Rainews. Retrieved 2018-05-07.
  4. "The Risk of Moving Artworks: A Broken Finger and Public Outcry". The New York Times. 2018-05-11. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 2018-05-13.
Bibliography
  • Avery, Charles (1997). Bernini: Genius of the Baroque. London: Thames and Hudson. ISBN 9780500286333.
  • Baldinucci, Filippo (2006) [1682]. The Life of Bernini. University Park: Pennsylvania State University Press. ISBN 9780271730769.
  • Bernini, Domenico (2011) [1713]. The Life of Giano Lorenzo Bernini. University Park: Pennsylvania State University Press. ISBN 9780271037486.
  • Mormando, Franco (2011). Bernini: His Life and His Rome. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. ISBN 9780226538525.
  • Wittkower, Rudolf (1997) [1955]. Gian Lorenzo Bernini: The Sculptor of the Roman Baroque. London: Phaidon Press. ISBN 9780714837154.


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