SZD-12 Mucha 100

The SZD-12 Mucha 100 (Szybowcowy Zakład Doświadczalny - Glider Experimental Works) was a single-seat glider aircraft that was designed and built in Poland from 1953.[1]

SZD-12 Mucha 100
SZD-12 Mucha 100 at the Polish Aviation Museum
Role Glider aircraft
National origin Poland
Manufacturer glider production works (ZSLS) in Krosno, Gdańsk and Wrocław
Design group SZD
First flight 14 November 1953[1]
Primary user Polish aero clubs
Number built 290 + Chinese production[2]
Developed from IS-2 Mucha
Variants SZD-22 Mucha Standard

Development

The SZD-12 Mucha (Fly) 100 was derived from the IS-2 Mucha-ter for use by aero clubs throughout Poland.[1] Two hundred and ninety were built with 73 exported to several countries and an unknown number were licence-built in the People's Republic of China (PRC).[2]

Constructed from wood/plywood throughout, the Mucha 100 was much improved from the IS-2 Mucha, with smoother surfaces, better aerodynamics and comprehensive instruments and equipment including a KF-18 oxygen system, lighting and instruments for cloud flying.[1] Pilot comfort was improved by slightly reclining the seat back and increasing legroom, and visibility was increased through a larger one-piece cockpit canopy. Schempp-Hirth style airbrakes replaced the DFS style airbrakes of the IS-2, external mass balances fitted to the ailerons cured the tendency to flutter. The wing incidence was reduced to 2° to better align the fuselage with the airflow at higher speeds, reducing drag.[2] Main designer was Władysław Okarmus, constructors were Jan Dyrek and Zbigniew Badura.[3] The prototype was made in ZSLS No.5 in Krosno - it was the only prototype of SZD design that was not made in the SZD works in Bielsko.[4]

Flight trials commenced on 14 November 1953 in Krosno (first flight by Adam Zientek); a tendency to control surface flutter was resolved by mass balancing. After this and other improvements, the Mucha 100 was cleared for production as the SZD-12 Mucha 100.[2] from 1954. 256 were built in ZSLS in Krosno, 14 in Gdańsk and 20 in Wrocław.[3]

Further improvements were incorporated into the SZD-12A Mucha 100A, which had the external mass balances replaced by weights in the leading edges of the ailerons, forward of the hinges. Another modification which was also applied retrospectively to earlier units was a re-located mainwheel, moved rearwards to reduce the weight on the tailwheel during ground handling.[2]

70 Mucha 100's were exported,[3] mostly to the USSR, DDR, Italy, Switzerland and China in multiple orders; single examples were also exported to Austria, France, Finland and India.[2]

Variants
  • SZD-12 Mucha 100 – initial production version, 104 built
  • SZD-12A Mucha 100A – modified version with altered undercarriage arrangement and internal aileron mass balances, 186 built from 1958

Specifications (SZD-12 Mucha 100)

Data from http://www.piotrp.de/SZYBOWCE/pszd12.htmThe World's Sailplanes:Die Segelflugzeuge der Welt:Les Planeurs du Monde[5]

General characteristics

  • Crew: 1
  • Length: 7.0 m (23 ft 0 in)
  • Wingspan: 15 m (49 ft 3 in)
  • Height: 1.6 m (5 ft 3 in)
  • Wing area: 15 m2 (161 sq ft)
  • Aspect ratio: 15
  • Airfoil: NACA 43012A
  • Empty weight: 195 kg (430 lb)
  • Gross weight: 290 kg (639 lb)

Performance

  • Maximum speed: 220 km/h (137 mph, 119 kn)
  • Stall speed: 55 km/h (34 mph, 30 kn)
  • g limits: +5.25 -2.62 at 250 km/h (155.3 mph; 135.0 kn)
  • Maximum glide ratio: 24 at 70 km/h (43.5 mph; 37.8 kn)
  • Rate of sink: 0.76 m/s (150 ft/min)
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See also

Aircraft of comparable role, configuration and era

References
  1. http://www.piotrp.de/SZYBOWCE/pszd12.htm
  2. Simons, Martin. Sailplanes 1945-1965 2nd revised edition. EQIP Werbung und Verlag G.m.b.H.. Königswinter. 2006. ISBN 3-9807977-4-0
  3. (in Polish) Babiejczuk, Janusz and Grzegorzewski, Jerzy. Polski przemysł lotniczy 1945-1973 [Polish aerospace industry 1945-1973]. Warsaw: Wydawnictwo MON, 1974, p. 122
  4. As for 1970s at least - Babiejczuk and Grzegorzewski, op.cit.
  5. Shenstone, B.S.; K.G. Wilkinson; Peter Brooks (1958). The World's Sailplanes:Die Segelflugzeuge der Welt:Les Planeurs dans Le Monde (in English, French, and German) (1st ed.). Zurich: Organisation Scientifique et Technique Internationale du Vol a Voile (OSTIV) and Schweizer Aero-Revue. pp. 124–128.
  • Taylor, J. H. (ed) (1989) Jane's Encyclopedia of Aviation. Studio Editions: London. p. 29
  • Simons, Martin. Sailplanes 1945-1965 2nd revised edition. EQIP Werbung und Verlag G.m.b.H.. Königswinter. 2006. ISBN 3-9807977-4-0
  • Shenstone, B.S.; K.G. Wilkinson; Peter Brooks (1958). The World's Sailplanes:Die Segelflugzeuge der Welt:Les Planeurs dans Le Monde (in English, French, and German) (1st ed.). Zurich: Organisation Scientifique et Technique Internationale du Vol a Voile (OSTIV) and Schweizer Aero-Revue. pp. 124–128.
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