St. Rupert's Church, Vienna

St. Rupert's Church (German: Ruprechtskirche) is a Romanesque church in Vienna, Austria. Traditionally considered to be the oldest church in the city, St. Rupert's Church is dedicated to Saint Rupert of Salzburg, patron saint of the salt merchants of Vienna. The church is located in one of the oldest parts of the city, the section of the Roman Vindobona.[1]

St. Rupert's Church
St. Rupert's Church in Vienna, Austria
Religion
AffiliationCatholic Church
Ecclesiastical or organizational statusActive
LeadershipP. Hans Brandl, SJ
Location
LocationVienna, Austria
StateVienna
Shown within Austria
Geographic coordinates48.211944°N 16.374444°E / 48.211944; 16.374444
Architecture
TypeChurch
StyleRomanesque, Baroque
Completed740
Specifications
Direction of façadeNWbW
Capacity100
Length27 m (88.6 ft)
Width13 m (42.7 ft)
Website
www.ruprechtskirche.at

There is currently some debate whether the Ruprechtskirche is truly the oldest church in Vienna. Discoveries of old foundations under the St. Peter's Church and old graves under the St. Stephen's Cathedral have disputed the certainty of this label.

History

According to legend, it was founded by Cunald and Gisalrich, companions of Rupert during his occupation of the seat of bishop of Salzburg. However, because Salzburg had influence over religious issues in Vienna between 796 and 829, it is more probable that it was founded in this period.

The first reference in historical documentation is in a document of 1200 when Duke Heinrich II Jasomirgott describes a gift to the Schottenstift church. The document also mentions the Ruprechtskirche, which is labeled the oldest in the city.

After the destruction of the Roman settlement, the core part of the city grew in the area near the church. It was the seat of the religious administration before that function was transferred to the Stephansdom in 1147.

During the Middle Ages, the church was the seat of the Salt Office (Salzamt), which distributed salt to individual buyers and ensured its quality. The church overlooks the jetty of the salt merchants on the Danube channel.

The ivy-covered church has been rebuilt and altered many times in its history. In 1276, it was damaged by fire and modified. The choir dates from the 13th century, while the southern nave dates from the 15th century. In 1622, it was redecorated in Baroque style. It was also somewhat damaged by shellfire during World War II and affected by the demolition of the nearby ruins of another building. In the middle of the apse, there are two Romanesque stained-glass windows.

Other features

The oldest bells in Vienna are located in the church, dating from around 1280.

The oldest glass window panes (dating from approximately 1370) can be found in the church. They depict a crucified Christ and the Madonna with baby.

A statue of Saint Rupert is located in the north part of the main tower.

The arch on the western gallery has a plaque with the label “AEIOU 1439”, an undecyphered motto of Emperor Frederick III. The plaque was designed to commemorate the entrance of the emperor to Vienna on December 6, 1439. According to tradition, AEIOU stands for (in Latin) "AUSTRIAE EST IMPERARE ORBI UNIVERSO" or in German "ALLES ERDREICH IST OESTERREICH UNTERTAN", both meaning "The whole world is subject to Austria"

A relic of the sarcophagus of Saint Vitalis is located in the church containing the remains of a claimed Christian victim from the Roman catacombs. This memorial of victimization has special meaning in modern times because the Gestapo headquarters, which was used for torture and the organization of Jewish deportations, was located nearby in the Morzinplatz square.

  • St Rupert's
  • Interior
  • Altar
  • Interior
  • Stained glass window
  • Stained glass window
  • Stained glass window
  • Statue of St. Rupert
  • The Ruprecht staircase connects the Morzinplatz with the Ruprechtsplatz
  • The little squares and lanes surrounding the Ruprechtskirche belong to the oldest part of Vienna
  • Remembrance of the victims of the Gestapo
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References
Citations
  1. Brook 2012, p. 81.
Bibliography
  • Brook, Stephan (2012). DK Eyewitness Travel Guide: Vienna. London: Dorling Kindersley Ltd. ISBN 978-0756684280.
  • Gaillemin, Jean-Louis (1994). Knopf Guides: Vienna. New York: Alfred A. Knopf. ISBN 978-0679750680.
  • Schnorr, Lina (2012). Imperial Vienna. Vienna: HB Medienvertrieb GesmbH. ISBN 978-3950239690.
  • Schulte-Peevers, Andrea (2007). Alison Coupe (ed.). Michelin Green Guide Austria. London: Michelin Travel & Lifestyle. ISBN 978-2067123250.
  • Unterreiner, Katrin; Gredler, Willfried (2009). The Hofburg. Vienna: Pichler Verlag. ISBN 978-3854314912.
  • Wehdorn, Manfred (2003). Vienna. a Guide to the Unesco World Heritage Sites. Berlin: Springer. pp. 105–106. ISBN 978-3-211-40863-6.
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