Rudyard Kipling's Jungle Book

Jungle Book is a 1942 independent Technicolor action-adventure film by the Hungarian Korda brothers, based on a screenplay adaptation by Laurence Stallings of Rudyard Kipling's The Jungle Book (1894), about a wild boy who is kidnapped by villagers who are cruel to animals as they attempt to steal a dead king's cursed treasure.

Jungle Book
Film poster
Directed byZoltan Korda
Produced byAlexander Korda
Screenplay byLaurence Stallings
Based onThe Jungle Book
1894 collections
by Rudyard Kipling
Starring
Music byMiklós Rózsa
CinematographyLee Garmes
W. Howard Greene
Edited byWilliam Hornbeck
Production
company
Alexander Korda Films, Inc.
Distributed byUnited Artists
Release date
  • April 3, 1942 (1942-04-03)
Running time
108 minutes
CountryUnited Kingdom
United States
LanguageEnglish
Budget£250,000[1]
Box officeest. $2.4 million

The film was directed by Zoltán Korda, produced by his brother Alexander and art directed by their younger brother Vincent. The cinematography was by Lee Garmes and W. Howard Greene and the music was by Miklós Rózsa. The film starred Sabu as Mowgli. Because of the war, the British Korda brothers had moved their film making to Hollywood in 1940, and Jungle Book is one of the films they made during that Hollywood period.[2]

Plot

In an Indian village, Buldeo, an elderly storyteller, is paid by a visiting British memsahib to tell a story of his youth. He speaks of the animals of the jungle and of the ever-present threats to human life posed by the jungle itself. He then recalls his earlier life:

As a younger man he dreams that his village could one day become an important town and that the jungle could be conquered. However, when he is speaking about these dreams, an attack by Shere Khan, the tiger, leads to the death of a man and the loss of the man's child. The child is adopted by wolves in the jungle and grows to be the wild youth Mowgli. Years later, Mowgli is captured by the villagers and taken in by his mother Messua, though she does not recognize him as her lost child. He learns to speak and tries to imitate the ways of men, as well as becomes friendly with Buldeo's daughter, Mahala – much to Buldeo's distress, since he is convinced that the wild Mowgli is dangerous. When Mowgli and Mahala explore the jungle, they discover a hidden chamber in a ruined palace, containing fabulous wealth. Warned by an aged cobra that the wealth brings death, they leave, but Mahala takes one coin as a memento. When Buldeo sees the coin, he tries to force Mowgli to tell him where the treasure is, but Mowgli refuses. Buldeo resolves to follow Mowgli to the site of the treasure.

Later Mowgli fights and kills Shere Khan, with some last minute help from Kaa, the python. As he is skinning the body, Buldeo arrives. He threatens Mowgli with a gun, but is attacked by Mowgli's friend Bagheera, the black panther. Buldeo becomes convinced that Bagheera is Mowgli himself, shape-shifted into panther form. He tells the villagers that Mowgli is a witch, as is his mother. Mowgli is chained up and threatened with death, but escapes with his mother's help. However, she and another villager who tries to defend her are tied up and themselves threatened with burning for witchcraft.

Mowgli is followed by the greedy Buldeo and two friends, a priest and a barber, to the lost city. They find the treasure (including a golden elephant goad with a big ruby intact) and leave for the village with as much as they can carry. But when they stop for the night, the priest tries to steal the goad from the barber's share and murders him when the barber wakes up. The priest unconvincingly tells Buldeo that the barber had attacked him and that he had killed in self-defense, but Buldeo knows better. The next day, the priest attacks Buldeo while his back is turned, but Buldeo knocks him into the swamp where he is killed by a crocodile. Mowgli, who'd been trailing the men, tells Bagheera to chase Buldeo, the sole survivor, from the jungle, and Buldeo flees for his life, jettisoning the treasure he'd been carrying.

Enraged and maddened, Buldeo tries to murder Mowgli and even the jungle itself, by starting a forest fire. The fire rages, but the wind turns and threatens the village. The villagers flee, but Mowgli's mother and her defender are trapped. Mowgli brings the elephants to the village and breaks open the building, escaping to the river with his mother, Mahala and other villagers. He is invited to follow them to a new life downriver, but refuses to leave the jungle, turning back to help animals trapped by the fire.

The scene returns to the present day, with the elderly Buldeo telling his story and admitting that the jungle defeated his youthful dreams, and because of his actions his reputation was destroyed. When asked what became of Mowgli and his daughter, as well as how he escaped from the fire himself, he looks into the camera and says that is another story.

Cast
Patricia O'Rourke and Sabu

Production

In 1940, the three Korda brothers left London for Hollywood, where two of their films that had begun production in the UK were completed: The Thief of Bagdad and That Hamilton Woman.

United Artists lent Alexander Korda $300,000 to finance the production of Jungle Book,[2] which was produced by the American company he set up for his Hollywood productions: Alexander Korda Films, Inc.

Laurence Stalling's adaptation was criticised for straying too far from the original, as well as the frequent disagreements between brothers Alexander and Zoltán did not help matters. Zoltán wanted an underplayed realistic story, while Alex favoured an exuberant fantasist epic. Alex, as always, got his way in the end.[2]

Reception

The film was a notable success at the box office.[3] In the United States, its 1942 release earned $1.3 million in rentals, making it one of United Artists' top three highest-grossing films at the time.[4] In the United Kingdom, its 1948 re-release earned £86,089[5] ($344,356).[6]

In France, it was one of the top ten highest-grossing films of 1946, drawing 5,084,962 admissions at the box office.[7] At an average late-1940s admission price of 50 francs,[8] this was equivalent to 254,248,100 francs ($727,088).[9] The film's combined gross from its US and France releases, and its UK re-release, was approximately $2.4 million (equivalent to $81 million adjusted for inflation).[10]

On Rotten Tomatoes, the film has a critical approval of 50%, based on 12 reviews, with an average rating 6.9/10.[11]

Awards

The film was nominated for four Academy Awards.[12][13]

Nominated

Soundtrack album

In 1943 the film's score, in a recording made directly from the soundtrack, was released on a 78-RPM record album with narration by Sabu, the film's star, added. It became the first commercial recording of a non-musical U.S. film's orchestral score to be released. The album was a success.[14][15]

Although the film is in the public domain, the master 35mm elements are with ITV Studios Global Entertainment. An official video release is currently available via The Criterion Collection.

gollark: Theoretically I can measure the power draw of a lot of bits of my laptop, but this is not very useful unless trying to optimize battery life or something.
gollark: What do you actually need that for?
gollark: I am occasionally forced by circumstance to reboot, but resent it.
gollark: As I said, it is currently on my school account as a "microsoft form", so releasing it might have privacy implications.
gollark: I should probably add that one of these years.

See also

References
  1. Karol Kulik, Alexander Korda: The Man Who Could Work Miracles, Virgin 1990 p 258
  2. BFI Screenonline: Jungle Book (1942) Retrieved 2013-01-05
  3. Balio, Tino (2009). United Artists: The Company Built by the Stars. University of Wisconsin Press. ISBN 978-0-299-23004-3. p172
  4. "101 Pix Gross in Millions" Variety 6 Jan 1943 p 58
  5. Vincent Porter, 'The Robert Clark Account', Historical Journal of Film, Radio and Television, Vol 20 No 4, 2000
  6. Todd, Mike. "Graph of £/$ exchange rate (1940 - today)". An American Encyclopedia. Retrieved June 22, 2018.
  7. French box office of 1946 at Box Office Story
  8. Sadoul, Georges (1953). French Film. Falcon Press. p. 111. In 1949 the average price of admission was 50 francs (Is.).
  9. "Pacific Exchange Rate Service" (PDF). UBC Sauder School of Business. University of British Columbia. Retrieved 21 November 2017.
  10. "Adjusting for Movie Ticket Price Inflation". Box Office Mojo. Retrieved June 22, 2018.
  11. Jungle Book, retrieved 2018-11-03
  12. "The 15th Academy Awards (1943) Nominees and Winners". oscars.org. Retrieved 2013-06-22.
  13. "NY Times: Jungle Book". NY Times. Retrieved 2008-12-15.
  14. "The Ensemble Sospeso – Miklos Rozsa". Archived from the original on 19 April 2001.
  15. "Rudyard Kipling's Jungle Book (1942) - Articles - TCM.com". Turner Classic Movies.
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