Rossie (1807 ship)
Rossie was a schooner launched at Baltimore in 1807.[1] At the outbreak of the War of 1812 she became a privateer, operating under a letter of marque. She made two voyages, the first as a privateer, and the less successful second as a letter of marque. The British captured her in January 1813.
 Rossie and Princess Amelia, 1812, by Adam Weingartner, c. 1856 | |
| History | |
|---|---|
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| Name: | Rossie |
| Owner: |
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| Builder: | Thomas Kemp, Fells Point, Baltimore |
| Launched: | 1807 |
| Captured: | 6 January 1813 |
| General characteristics | |
| Type: | schooner |
| Tons burthen: | 206,[1] or 208[2] (bm) |
| Length: |
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| Beam: | 23 ft 6 in (7.2 m)[1] |
| Depth of hold: | 10 ft 0 in (3.0 m)[1] |
| Complement: | |
| Armament: |
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Construction
Thomas Kemp of Fell's Point, Baltimore, built and launched her. He would go to build several other schooners that would become among the most successful privateer of the war, such as Chasseur.
First letter of marque
Rossie was commissioned on 11 July 1812, right at the outbreak of the war. Her owners hired Joshua Barney as her captain and Silvanus Long as her first lieutenant.[1] She had letter of marque #1. On her first cruise under Barney she captured some 18 vessels in six weeks off Nova Scotia and Newfoundland. Barney then put in at Newport, Rhode Island on 30 August. He replenished his supplies and then cruised southward. On his cruise, Barney thrice out-sailed British frigates. He engaged in two actions, the first with the Jenny (or Jeanie), of 12 guns. He captured her and did not report any casualties. Lloyd's List reported that Rossie's prize, Jane, of 12 guns, carrying 20,000 bushels of salt, had arrived in Newport on 5 September.[3] Rossie also captured the brig Nymphe, Patch, master, which had been sailing from the West Indies, and carried her into Boston.[4]
| Name | Type | Fate |
|---|---|---|
| Brothers | Brig | Cartel |
| Kitty | Ship | Recaptured[5] |
| Devonshire | Brig | Burnt |
| Merrimack | Ship | Sent in (US)[6] |
| Euphrates | Ship | New Bedford (US)[Note 1] |
| Nymph | Brig | Boston[4] |
| Fame | Brig | Burnt |
| Princess Amelia | Brig | Savannah |
| Halifax | Schooner | Burnt |
| Princess Royal | Ship | Burnt |
| Henry | Brig | Sunk |
| Race Horse | Schooner | Sunk |
| Hetty | Ship | Sent in |
| Rebecca | Brig | New London (US) |
| Jane | Ship | Newport[3] |
| Squid | Schooner | Burnt |
| Jenny | Ship | Salem |
| Two Brothers | Schooner | Cartel |
| Jubilee[Note 2] | Schooner | Sent in |
| William | Brig | New York |
Rossie captured Kitty, Thompson, master, on 31 July as she was sailing from Greenock to New Brunswick. On 1 August Rossie captured the brig Two Brothers, and burnt four "Bankers", loaded with fish. Three days later, HMS Pomone recaptured Kitty and sent her into Newfoundland.[5]
It was on the second leg of the cruise that Rossie's most famous action took place. On 16 September 1812 she captured the Post Office Packet Service packet ship Princess Amelia. At the time Rossie was armed with ten 12-pounder guns and one long 9-pounder on a pivot, and had a crew of 95; Princess Amelia was armed with four 6-pounders and two 9-pounders, and had a crew of 27 or 28. Princess Amelia had to strike after she had lost three men killed, including her captain, Isaac Moorsom, and her sailing master, John Nankevell, and 11 men wounded.[7][Note 3] (Some of the wounded may have died later as a report on her arrival in Savannah gives her casualties as six dead and six or seven wounded.) American casualties were seven men wounded, one of them, Sylvanus Long, severely.[8] Barney sent Princess Amelia into Savannah, Georgia, where the US Navy bought her and named her USS Troup.
Barney returned to Baltimore on 11 October. Merrimack, Cook, master, which had been sailing from Liverpool when Rossie captured her, arrived 12 days later.[6]
Barney estimated that on this voyage he had captured 3698 tons of British shipping, worth US$1.5 million. He also had captured 217 prisoners.[8] Of course, it helped that many of the vessels that he captured did not know that the war had begun.
Second letter of marque
Rossie was commissioned on 3 December 1812 with J. D. Daniels as captain and James Stubbs as first lieutenant.[1] The Royal Navy's Rochfort squadron captured her on 6 January 1813 in the Basque Roads. She was carrying coffee from Baltimore to Bordeaux, and the announcement of her capture states that she had only one gun.[2] The actual captor appears to have been HMS Dryad. Rossie arrived in Plymouth on 17 January 1813.[Note 4] Eight ships of the Royal Navy were in sight at the capture, as was the British privateer Chance.[10]
Notes, citations, and references
Notes
- The designation "US" means the vessel was either an American vessel recaptured from the British, or one operating in violation of the Non-importation Act.
- Rossie was in company with another privateer at the capture of Jubilee.
- Lloyd's List gave the number of dead as two, Moorsom and a boy, and the number of wounded as ten, including the mate.[3]
- Lloyd's List gives her name as Ross and her captor as Dryade.[9]
Citations
- Men of Marque
- "No. 16715". The London Gazette. 27 March 1813. p. 628.
- Lloyd's List, №4714.
- Lloyd's List, №4715.
- Lloyd's List, №4703.
- Lloyd's List, №4731.
- Norway (1895), pp. 225-6.
- Brannen (1823), pp. 65-6.
- Lloyd's List №4738.
- "No. 16758". The London Gazette. 27 July 1813. p. 1495.
References
- Brannen, John, ed. (1823). Official letters of the military and naval officers of the United States, during the war with Great Britain in the years 1812, 13, 14, & 15: with some additional letters and documents elucidating the history of that period. Way & Gideon.
- Norway, Arthur H. (1895). History of the Post-Office Packet Service between the Years 1793-1815. London: Macmillan & Co.