Rio–Niterói Bridge

President Costa e Silva Bridge, commonly known as the Rio–Niterói Bridge, is a box girder bridge crossing Guanabara Bay, in the State of Rio de Janeiro in Brazil. It connects the cities of Rio de Janeiro and Niterói. It is currently the longest prestressed concrete bridge in the southern hemisphere, and the sixth-longest in the world. From its completion in 1974 until 1985 it was the world's second-longest bridge, second only to the Lake Pontchartrain Causeway.

Rio–Niterói Bridge
Coordinates22°52′16″S 43°09′12″W
Carries8 lanes of BR-101
CrossesGuanabara Bay
LocaleRio de Janeiro and Niterói, Brazil
Official namePresident Costa e Silva Bridge
Characteristics
DesignBox girder bridge
Total length13.29 km (8.26 miles)
Width27 metres (89 ft)
Longest span300 m
History
Construction startJanuary, 1969
OpenedMarch 4, 1974
Statistics
Daily traffic140,000
TollYes

History
Map of the bridge's location

The concept dates to 1875, when a bridge-and-tunnel connection was envisioned between two cities separated by Guanabara Bay and connected by road only via inland journey of more than 100 kilometers (62 mi) through the city of Magé.

In 1963, a working group was created to study a bridge-building project. On December 29, 1965, an executive committee was formed to run the bridge-building program. President Artur da Costa e Silva signed a decree on August 23, 1968, authorizing the project for the bridge. The bridge program was run by Minister of Transport Mario Andreazza.

Construction began symbolically on November 9, 1968, in the presence of Queen Elizabeth II of the United Kingdom on her first, and thus far only, visit to Brazil. Actual work began in January 1969.

Construction of the bridge in 1971.

The bridge was constructed by a consortium of Brazilian companies led by Camargo Correa SA (for the concrete works) and by Cleveland Bridge & Engineering Company and Redpath Dorman Long in association with Montreal Engenharia of Brazil (for the steel navigation spans).[1] It is 13.29 kilometres (8.26 mi) long – 8.836 kilometres (5.490 mi) over water and the bridge's 300-metre (980 ft) central span is 72 metres (236 ft) high in order to allow the passage of hundreds of ships entering and leaving the bay every month. At the time it was completed, the central span was the longest box girder in the world;[2] it has since been surpassed by the 301-metre (988 ft) main span of the Stolma Bridge (1998) and the 330-metre (1,080 ft) main span of the second Shibanpo Bridge (2006).[3] It carries 140,000 vehicles daily, which pay a toll only when entering Niterói of R$4.30 (as of June 2018), about US$1.10, GBP£0.85 or €0.97. It has 18 access points and eight overpasses.

The bridge opened on March 4, 1974, with the official name of President Costa e Silva Bridge. "Rio-Niterói" started as a descriptive nickname that soon became better known than the official name. Today hardly anyone refers to it by its official name.

Officially, it is part of federal highway BR-101. From 1 June 1995, it was under the management of Ponte S.A. under a 20-year concession until 1 June 2015 since when Ecoponte has managed the bridge.

In 1977, the famous Brazilian singer Maysa died in a car crash on the bridge.[4]

The bridge was featured in the 2011 film Fast Five. The Puerto Rican bridge Teodoro Moscoso doubled for the bridge during the last moments of the film.

In 2012 a bill was introduced to change its official name, President Costa e Silva Bridge - the second president of the Brazilian military dictatorship between 1964 and 1985 - to Herbert de Souza Bridge, which has annoyed the Brazilian military.[5]

Rio-Niterói Bridge
View from Sugarloaf Mountain, To the front is Santos Dumont Airport seen an aircraft Taxing for taking off
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References
  1. "Heritage project reveals unique Rio bridge pics". Teesside University. 13 June 2014. Retrieved 20 October 2016.
  2. de Vasconcelos, Augusto Carlos; Marchesini, Gilson L.; Timerman, Júlio (2014). "4.4 Steel Box Bridges". In Chen, Wai-Fah; Duan, Lian (eds.). Handbook of International Bridge Engineering. Boca Raton, Florida: CRC Press. pp. 184–186. ISBN 978-1-4398-1029-3. Retrieved 26 July 2015.
  3. "Shibanpo Bridge Breaks World Record for Longest Box Girder Bridge Span". Segments. American Segmental Bridge Institute. 48. Fall 2006. Retrieved 26 July 2015.
  4. All Music
  5. Possível mudança de nome da Ponte Rio-Niterói irrita militares
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