Rhizophora

Rhizophora
	Rhizophora mangle
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Plantae
Clade:	Tracheophytes
Clade:	Angiosperms
Clade:	Eudicots
Clade:	Rosids
Order:	Malpighiales
Family:	Rhizophoraceae
Genus:	Rhizophora; L.[1]
Species
	Several, see text
Synonyms
	Mangium Rumph. ex Scop.[1]

Rhizophora is a genus of tropical mangrove trees, sometimes collectively called true mangroves. The most notable species is the red mangrove (Rhizophora mangle) but some other species and a few natural hybrids are known. Rhizophora species generally live in intertidal zones which are inundated daily by the ocean. They exhibit a number of adaptations to this environment, including -pneutomatophores that elevate the plants above the water and allow them to respire oxygen even while their lower roots are submerged, and a cytological molecular "pump" mechanism that allows them to remove excess salts from their cells. The generic name is derived from the Greek words ριζα (rhiza), meaning "root," and φορος (phoros), meaning "bearing," referring to the stilt-roots.[2]

The beetle Poecilips fallax is a common pest of these trees.

The red mangrove is the state tree of Delta Amacuro in Venezuela; a dark brown dye can be produced from it, which is used in Tongan ngatu cloth production.

Selected species

Rhizophora apiculata Blume — bakauan lalaki (Philippines) bakau minyak
Rhizophora harrisonii Leechm.
Rhizophora mangle L. — red mangrove, tongo (Tonga)
Rhizophora mucronata Lam. — red mangrove
Rhizophora racemosa G.Mey.
Rhizophora samoensis (Hochr.) Salvoza
Rhizophora stylosa Griff. — spotted mangrove, bakauan bato (Philippines)[3] Te tongo (Kiribati),[4] Đâng (Vietnam)

Hybrids

Rhizophora × annamalayana Kathiresan (R. apiculata × R. mucronata)
Rhizophora × lamarckii Montrouz. (R. apiculata × R. stylosa)[3]
Rhizophora × selala (Salvoza) P.B.Tomlinson (R. mangle × R. stylosa)

Formerly placed here

Aegiceras corniculatum (L.) Blanco (as R. corniculata L.)
Bruguiera gymnorhiza (L.) Savigny (as R. gymnorhiza L.)
Bruguiera parviflora (Roxb.) Wight & Arn. ex Griff. (as R. parviflora Roxb.)
Bruguiera sexangula (Lour.) Poir. (as R. sexangula Lour.)
Ceriops tagal (Perr.) C.B.Rob. (as R. tagal Perr.)[3]

gollark: No u.

gollark: I'm substitute Andrew for now

gollark: prejudice is a car, discrimination is running someone over with it

References

"Genus: Rhizophora L." Germplasm Resources Information Network. United States Department of Agriculture. 2006-05-12. Retrieved 2010-11-27.
Austin, Daniel F. (2004). Florida Ethnobotany. CRC Press. p. 964. ISBN 978-0-8493-2332-4.
"GRIN Species Records of Rhizophora". Germplasm Resources Information Network. United States Department of Agriculture. Retrieved 2010-11-27.
"Kiribati Country Report to The Conference of Parties (COP) of The Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD)" (PDF). Environment and Conservation Division, Ministry of Environment, Lands and Agricultural Development. p. 5. Retrieved 28 November 2012.

External links

"Rhizophora L." Atlas of Living Australia.

Media related to Rhizophora at Wikimedia Commons

Data related to Rhizophora at Wikispecies

This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.

[GRIN-1] "Genus: Rhizophora L." Germplasm Resources Information Network. United States Department of Agriculture. 2006-05-12. Retrieved 2010-11-27.

[Austin-2] Austin, Daniel F. (2004). Florida Ethnobotany. CRC Press. p. 964. ISBN 978-0-8493-2332-4.

[GRINSpecies-3] "GRIN Species Records of Rhizophora". Germplasm Resources Information Network. United States Department of Agriculture. Retrieved 2010-11-27.

[4] "Kiribati Country Report to The Conference of Parties (COP) of The Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD)" (PDF). Environment and Conservation Division, Ministry of Environment, Lands and Agricultural Development. p. 5. Retrieved 28 November 2012.