Quadruple Alliance (1815)

The Quadruple Alliance was a treaty signed in Paris on November 20th, 1815, by the great powers of Austria, Prussia, Russia, and Great Britain. It renewed the use of the Congress System which advanced European international relations at the time. The alliance was first formed in 1813 to counter the military threat of France. The four powers promised aid to each other, which lasted until 1818.[1][2][3] In 1818, France joined the Quadruple Alliance, turning it into the Quintuple Alliance.

Quadruple Alliance

Signed	20 November 1815
Location	Paris
Parties	Austria  Prussia  Russia  United Kingdom

See also

• Concert of Europe
• Holy Alliance

References

1. Haro Frederik van Panhuys (20 October 1978). International Law in the Netherlands. BRILL. pp. 52–. ISBN 90-286-0108-2.
2. John E. Findling (1989). Dictionary of American Diplomatic History. Greenwood Press. p. 429. ISBN 978-0-313-26024-7.
3. Thomas Dwight Veve (1992). The Duke of Wellington and the British Army of Occupation in France, 1815-1818. Greenwood Publishing Group. pp. 168–. ISBN 978-0-313-27941-6.

Further reading

• Nichols, Irby Coghill. The European Pentarchy and the Congress of Verona, 1822 (Springer Science & Business Media, 2012).