Prince Sixtus Henry of Bourbon-Parma

Prince Sixtus Henry of Bourbon-Parma (Spanish: Don Sixto Enrique de Borbón-Parma y Borbón-Busset; Italian: Sisto Enrico di Borbone Parma; born 22 July 1940) is considered Regent of Spain by some Carlists who accord him the titles Duke of Aranjuez, Infante of Spain, and Standard-bearer of Tradition.

There is an earlier Sixtus of Bourbon-Parma who was a Belgian army officer in the First World War.
Prince Sixtus Henry
Duke of Aranjuez
Born (1940-07-22) 22 July 1940
Pau, Pyrénées-Atlantiques, France
Full name
Sixte Henri Hugues François Xavier
HouseBourbon-Parma
FatherXavier, Duke of Parma
MotherMadeleine de Bourbon-Busset

Early life
Coat of arms used by the supporters of the Carlist claimants to the Spanish Throne with the Sacred Hearts of Jesus and Mary adopted c.1942 by Xavier of Bourbon.

Sixtus was born in Pau, Pyrénées-Atlantiques during the World War II Vichy regime of France, the second son of Prince Xavier of Bourbon-Parma (then Prince Regent, later Carlist pretender to the throne of Spain, later titular Duke of Parma) and his wife Madeleine de Bourbon-Busset.[1] He belongs to a cadet branch of the former royal dynasty of France (and current dynasty of Spain), the House of Bourbon, which ruled the independent Duchy of Parma in Italy until 1859, and reigns (patrilineally) today in Luxembourg. In exile, his family lived in France.

From an early age Sixtus devoted himself to the cause of Carlism. He studied with the Christian Brothers, Benedictines and Marists, as well as with his preceptress, Professor María Teresa Angulo, from Madrid. He later took courses in law (at Clermont-Ferrand),[1] classical and modern languages, and finance.

House of Bourbon-Parma
Extended ducal family

Under the nom de guerre of Enrique Aranjuez he enlisted in the Spanish Foreign Legion in 1965.[1] On 2 May that year he swore loyalty to the Spanish flag with the oath then in use, which excluded political compromise (as opposed to the later one, which states fidelity to the Spanish Constitution of 1978). Sixtus later volunteered with the Portuguese Armed Forces in the Angolan War of Independence.[2]

His descent from Louis XIII was confirmed by DNA in 2013.[3]

Claim to the Carlist succession

Sixtus's father, Prince Xavier of Bourbon-Parma, was the leader of the National Council of the Traditionalist Communion, the largest faction of Spanish Carlists, and thus claimed to be the rightful monarch of Spain (as "Javier I") from 1952 until his "abdication" in 1972. Xavier's successor, in whose favor Xavier renounced his Carlist claim in 1975, was Sixtus's older brother Carlos Hugo, Duke of Parma, who took the title "Carlos VI" as claimant to the Spanish crown.[1]

However, Carlos Hugo's deviations from traditional Carlist ideology—most notably his endorsement of Titoist socialism—caused many Carlists to question his leadership.[1] Carlos Hugo sought to change the political direction of the Carlist movement through the Carlist Party, of which he was the official head during the 1976 Carlist gathering when the fatal Montejurra incident occurred,[4] and at which Sixtus Henry was also present, leading opposition to his brother's reforms.[5]

After the death of Xavier in 1977, Sixtus put forth the claim to be regent, and took the title "Standard-bearer of Tradition". Sixtus' claim was supported by their mother;[6] his father's last wishes were difficult to discern.[7][8] Sixtus publicly protested when Carlos Hugo donated the Carlist archives to the government of Spain in 2002.

Carlos Hugo renounced his claim to the throne in 1979 or 1980, but reasserted it in 2003.[9] After his death in 2010, his son Carlos, Duke of Parma succeeded him in the eyes of the Carlists loyal to Carlos Hugo (the Partido Carlista), and his followers claimed on a blog his kingship as "Carlos Javier I".[10][11] In 2016 Carlos told the Spanish press that, while (like his father in 2005) he "does not abandon" his claim to the throne, it is "not a priority" in his life, and he "will not dispute" [no planteo pleito] the legitimacy of King Felipe VI.[12]

The Carlist organization known as Comunión Tradicionalista recognizes Sixtus as their leader and calls him the "standard-bearer of Tradition".[13] Some of them recognize him as king, under the title "Enrique V". Sixtus himself has never explicitly asserted his right to the throne; rather, he has stated that he would prefer to remain regent in the hope that one of Carlos Hugo's sons may return to traditional Carlist ideology.[1] Nonetheless, he has not objected to his followers shouting "¡Viva el Rey!" during his speeches.[14]

His heir presumptive in Spanish, French and Parma lines since 2019 is the incumbent monarch of Luxembourg.

Later life

Although the youngest of six children and the second son of his parents, Sixtus inherited his childhood home, the chateau de Lignières near the middle of France, from his mother whose dowry it had been.[1]

In 2010, he sought a court order to prevent the continued exhibition of artworks by the Japanese artist Takashi Murakami at the Palace of Versailles. He has publicly stated that it "denatures" French culture.[15]

Sixtus was present at the episcopal ordination of four bishops who belong to the Society of Saint Pius X by Archbishop Marcel Lefebvre on 30 June 1988 at Écône, Switzerland, and was the first to publicly congratulate him.

Sixtus has travelled widely in Latin America, both Spanish and Portuguese-speaking. In January 2001, while travelling through Argentina, he was in a nearly fatal traffic accident, from which he did not completely recover. He has difficulties walking as a result of the accident, prompting him to limit public appearances.

In 2014 he took part in a far-right meeting in Vienna organised by Konstantin Malofeev, in which the participants (among others Aleksandr Dugin, Marion Maréchal-Le Pen, Aymeric Chauprade, Ilya Glazunov, Volen Siderov, Heinz-Christian Strache, Johann Gudenus, Johann Herzog and Serge de Pahlen) discussed about how to 'save Europe from liberalism and the "satanic" gay lobby'.[16]

Since 2015, Sixtus has claimed the title of Grand Master of the Order of Saint Lazarus, as part of its "Jerusalem obedience" wing.

Distinctions

Orders

Other
gollark: `m = y_1-y_2/x_1-x_2`, `c = y_1 - mx_1`, I think.
gollark: You can rearrange the equation for `c` and substitute in one of the points to get `c`.
gollark: Straight lines have the equation `y = mx + c`, where m and c are constants. `m` is the gradient, which is just the difference in y between those points divided by the difference in x.
gollark: "Straight line" in what form?
gollark: Neat, how does that work? Just tracking how far it goes?

References
  1. de Badts de Cugnac, Chantal. Coutant de Saisseval, Guy. Le Petit Gotha. Nouvelle Imprimerie Laballery, Paris 2002, pp. 588–590. (French) ISBN 2-9507974-3-1
  2. "D. Sixto Enrique de Borbón: La voluntad rusa de independencia nos ayudará a reencontrar la nuestra, que está amenazada por la penetración anglosajona". Comunión Tradicionalista. 3 June 2014.
  3. Larmuseau, Maarten H D; Delorme, Philippe; Germain, Patrick; Vanderheyden, Nancy; Gilissen, Anja; Van Geystelen, Anneleen; Cassiman, Jean-Jacques; Decorte, Ronny (19 May 2014). "Genetic genealogy reveals true Y haplogroup of House of Bourbon contradicting recent identification of the presumed remains of two French Kings". European Journal of Human Genetics. 22 (5): 681–687. doi:10.1038/ejhg.2013.211. PMC 3992573. PMID 24105374.
  4. "Two slain at Carlist rally", Facts on File World News Digest, 12 June 1976
  5. MacClancy, Jeremy. The Decline of Carlism. 2000. Montejurra 1976. University of Nevada Press, USA. pp. 178-179. ISBN 978-0-87417-344-4. Retrieved 8 August 2015.
  6. "Declaración de Doña Magdalena de Borbón". Archived from the original on 25 October 2009. Retrieved 25 October 2009.CS1 maint: BOT: original-url status unknown (link)
  7. "Declaración de S.M.C. Don Javier de Borbón". Archived from the original on 25 October 2009. Retrieved 25 October 2009.CS1 maint: BOT: original-url status unknown (link)
  8. "Última Declaración Política de Don Javier", in Don Javier: una vida al servicio de la libertad, 417.
  9. "INTERIOR". www.borbonparma.org.
  10. Mensaje al Pueblo Carlista de S.M.C. Don Carlos Javier II de Borbón, Rey de Las Españas – blogspot El Carlismo contra Globalizatión (Spanish)
  11. El primogénito de Carlos Hugo de Borbón – Nuevo pretendiente carlista a la corona de España – website news agency Europa Press (Spanish)
  12. "Ser príncipe me ayuda a mejorar el bienestar común". La Vanguardia. 11 November 2016. Retrieved 11 February 2018.
  13. https://carlismo.es/acerca-de/s-a-r-don-sixto-enrique-de-borbon/
  14. "Don Sixto en Haro". Hispanismo.org. 29 July 2005. Retrieved 26 May 2012.
  15. "Aristocrat's anger at Versailles Murakami 'manga' show". BBC. 24 October 2010. Retrieved 24 October 2010.
  16. Shekhovtsov, Anton (2018). Russia and the Western Far Right: Tango Noir. Routledge. p. 199. ISBN 978-1-138-65863-9.
  17. "S.A.R. il Principe Sisto Enrico" – Website Reale e Ducale Casa di Borbone Parma
Prince Sixtus Henry of Bourbon-Parma
Cadet branch of the House of Bourbon
Born: 22 July 1940
Titles in pretence
Preceded by
Prince Jaime,
Count of Bardi		 Line of succession to
the French throne (Legitimist)
41st position		 Succeeded by
Henri, Grand Duke
of Luxembourg
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