Polish National Government (January Uprising)
The Polish National Government 1863–64 was an underground Polish supreme authority during the January Uprising, a large scale insurrection during the Russian partition of the former territories of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth. It had a collegial form, resided in Warsaw and was headed by Karol Majewski. This was a normal administrative institution with many ministries and departments.[1]
Polish-Lithuanian-Ruthenian Commonwealth Rzeczpospolita Trojga Narodów (Powstanie styczniowe) | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1863–1865 | |||||||||
Motto: Latin: Si Deus Nobiscum quis contra nos (If God is with us, then who is against us) Latin: Pro Fide, Lege et Rege (For Faith, Law and King) | |||||||||
 Claimed borders of the Polish–Lithuanian–Ruthenian Commonwealth during the January Uprising | |||||||||
| Capital | Warsaw Vilnius Kiev | ||||||||
| Common languages | Polish Old Belarusian Ukrainian Lithuanian | ||||||||
| Religion | Roman Catholic Church Belarusian Greek Catholic Church Ukrainian Catholic Church | ||||||||
| Government | Shadow government | ||||||||
| Leader of the Uprising | |||||||||
| Reds | |||||||||
| Legislature | Sejm | ||||||||
| History | |||||||||
• January Uprising | January 22 1863 | ||||||||
• Disestablished | 1865 | ||||||||
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During 1863–1864 it was a real shadow government supported by the majority of Poles who even paid taxes for it, and a significant problem for the Russian secret police (Okhrana). "It organized one of the world's earliest campaigns of urban guerrilla warfare", according to Norman Davies. It became the prototype for the Polish Secret State during World War II.[2]
References
- Davies 2005, p. 261.
- Davies 2005, pp. 260–261.
- Aleksander Waszkowski (1841-1865) President of the Polish National Government (April 1864 - Arrested Dec 1864), executed 1865
- Davies, Norman (2005). God's playground: a history of Poland. 2. Oxford [u.a.]: Oxford University Press. ISBN 9780199253401.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)