Pohnpeic languages

Pohnpeic, also rendered Ponapeic, is a subgroup of the Chuukic–Pohnpeic branch of Micronesian in the Austronesian language family.[2] The languages are primarily spoken in Pohnpei State of the Federated States of Micronesia.

Pohnpeic
Ponapeic
Geographic
distribution		Micronesia
Linguistic classificationAustronesian
Glottologpona1248[1]

Languages

Innovations

Pohnpeic languages are distinct from the closely related Chuukic languages as a result of uniquely developed innovations. One such innovation is nasal substitution, where the first element in a consonant geminate becomes a homorganic nasal consonant.[4] An example of this change is seen where Proto Chuukic-Pohnpeic */kkaŋ/ 'sharp' became Mokilese /iŋkɔŋ/, whereas in Chuukese it is /kken/.[5]

Phonology
Proto-Pohnpeic reflexes of Proto Oceanic consonants[6]
Proto Oceanic *mp*mp,ŋp*p*m*m,ŋm*k*ŋk*ŋ*y*w*t*s,nj*ns,j*j*nt,nd*d,R*l*n*ɲ
Proto-Micronesian *p*pʷ*f*m*mʷ*k*x*ŋ*y*w*t*T*s*S*Z*c*r*l*n*ɲ
Proto Chuukic-Pohnpeic *p*pʷ*f*m*mʷ*k*∅,r3*ŋ*y*w*t*j*t*t*∅*c*r*l*n*ɲ
Proto-Pohnpeic *p1*pʷ*p, ∅2*m*mʷ*k*∅,r3*ŋ*y*w*j,∅1{_i,u,e4}*j*t̻*t̻*∅*c*r*l*n*∅,n{high V_}

1 In the Pohnpeic languages, geminate obstruents are realized as homorganic nasal-obstruent clusters.
2 Often before /i/.
3 Before /a/.
4 The reflex is *∅ sporadically before PMc *e.

Reconstructed vocabulary
Reconstructed Proto Pohnpeic Vocabulary [7]
Proto Pohnpeic English Gloss Modern Language Reflexes
*cana-k,cana-kobe hung up, to hang upPON tɛnɛ-k, MOK sɔnɔ
*paliaday after tomorrowPON pali, MOK pali
*payipayisea urchinPON pɛypɛy, MOK pɔypɔy
*waraneckPON wɛrɛ 'his/her neck', MOK wɔr
gollark: But yes, it would be worse than a Raspberry Pi in basically every conceivable way except SATA ports.
gollark: Are there better socket compatible things?
gollark: Replace it with what?
gollark: This is known.
gollark: Well, computers are fast and much is down to IO more than CPU.

References
  1. Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin, eds. (2017). "Ponapeic". Glottolog 3.0. Jena, Germany: Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History.
  2. Lynch, John; Malcolm Ross; Terry Crowley (2002). The Oceanic languages. Richmond, Surrey: Curzon. ISBN 978-0-7007-1128-4. OCLC 48929366.
  3. "Ngatikese". Retrieved 2015-02-11.
  4. Blevins, Juliette; Garrett, Andrew (1993). "The Evolution of Ponapeic Nasal Substitution". Oceanic Linguistics. 32 (2): 199–236. doi:10.2307/3623193. JSTOR 3623193.
  5. Blevins, Juliette; Garrett, Andrew (1993). "The Evolution of Ponapeic Nasal Substitution". Oceanic Linguistics. 32 (2): 206. doi:10.2307/3623193. JSTOR 3623193.
  6. Bender, Byron W. (2003). "Proto-Micronesian Reconstructions: 1". Oceanic Linguistics. 42 (1): 4, 5. doi:10.2307/3623449. JSTOR 3623449.
  7. Bender, Byron W. (2003). "Proto-Micronesian Reconstructions: 2". Oceanic Linguistics. 42 (2): 282. doi:10.1353/ol.2003.0014.


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