Pierre Hugues Victoire Merle

Pierre Hugues Victoire Merle (26 August 1766 – 5 December 1830) was a French general during the First French Empire of Napoleon. He joined the French army as a private in 1781 but after the French Revolution, the pace of promotion quickened. He was appointed a general officer in 1794 for distinguishing himself during the War of the Pyrenees. After leading a brigade at Austerlitz in December 1805, he was promoted again. His division was in the first wave of the 1808 invasion of Spain, which precipitated the Peninsular War. In Spain, he led his division at Medina de Rioseco, Corunna, First and Second Porto, Bussaco, Sabugal, and Fuentes de Onoro. After being sent home from Spain, Merle was assigned to lead a division in the French invasion of Russia. He led his troops at First and Second Polotsk. He embraced the Bourbon cause in 1814, retired from the army in 1816, and died at Marseilles in 1830. Merle is one of the names inscribed under the Arc de Triomphe on Column 35.

Pierre Hugues Victoire Merle
Born	26 August 1766 (1766-08-26) Montreuil-sur-Mer, France
Died	5 December 1830 (1830-12-06) (aged 64) Marseille, France
Allegiance	France
Service/branch	Infantry
Years of service	1781–1816
Rank	General of Division
Battles/wars	War of the First Coalition War of the Pyrenees (1793–1795) War of the Third Coalition Battle of Austerlitz (1805) Peninsular War Battle of Medina de Rioseco (1808) Battle of Corunna (1809) First Battle of Porto (1809) Second Battle of Porto (1809) Battle of Bussaco (1810) Battle of Sabugal (1811) Battle of Fuentes de Onoro (1811) First Battle of Polotsk (1812) Second Battle of Polotsk (1812)
Awards	Légion d'Honneur, GC, 1808
Other work	Baron of the Empire, 1808

References

• Broughton, Tony (2007). "Generals Who Served in the French Army during the Period 1789-1815: Mellet to Mireur". The Napoleon Series. Retrieved 15 June 2013.
• Gates, David (2002). The Spanish Ulcer: A History of the Peninsular War. London: Pimlico. ISBN 0-7126-9730-6.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
• Glover, Michael (2001). The Peninsular War 1807-1814. London: Penguin. ISBN 0-141-39041-7.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
• Mullié, Charles (1852). Biographie des célébrités militaires des armées de terre et de mer de 1789 a 1850: MERLE (in French). Paris. Retrieved 15 June 2013.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
• Oman, Charles (2010). A History of the Peninsular War Volume I. La Vergne, Tenn.: Kessinger Publishing. ISBN 1432636820.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
• Oman, Charles (1995). A History of the Peninsular War Volume II. Mechanicsburg, Pennsylvania: Stackpole. ISBN 1-85367-215-7.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
• Oman, Charles (1996). A History of the Peninsular War Volume III. Mechanicsburg, Pennsylvania: Stackpole. ISBN 1-85367-223-8.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
• Oman, Charles (1996). A History of the Peninsular War Volume IV. Mechanicsburg, Pennsylvania: Stackpole. ISBN 1-85367-224-6.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
• Pelet, Jean Jacques (1973). Horward, Donald D. (ed.). The French Campaign in Portugal 1810-1811: An Account by Jean Jacques Pelet. Minneapolis, Minn.: University of Minnesota Press. ISBN 0-8166-0658-7.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
• Smith, Digby (1998). The Napoleonic Wars Data Book. London: Greenhill. ISBN 1-85367-276-9.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)