Phrynomedusa

Phrynomedusa is a genus of tree frogs from the Southeast and South regions in Brazil. They were formerly considered to be part of the genus Phyllomedusa, as the "Phyllomedusa fimbriata group".[1][2] Common names colored leaf frogs[1] and monkey frogs have been coined for them.[2]

Phrynomedusa
Phrynomedusa marginata
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Amphibia
Order: Anura
Family: Phyllomedusidae
Genus: Phrynomedusa
Miranda-Ribeiro, 1923
Type species
Phrynomedusa fimbriata
Miranda-Ribeiro, 1923
Species

6 species (see text)

Ecology and conservation

Phrynomedusa occur in mountain streams and associated ponds in the Atlantic Forest. Egg clutches are laid outside of the water in rock crevices above the water; the tadpoles develop in the water.[2]

Phrynomedusa are rare and poorly known frogs. Except for P. appendiculata and P. marginata, they are known from only a few specimens. Only two species are known with certainty to occur in protected areas.[2]

Description

Phrynomedusa are small tree-frogs: adult males measure 26–47 mm (1.0–1.9 in) and females 28–45 mm (1.1–1.8 in) in snout–vent length. The iris is bicolored (a horizontal diffuse dark stripe in middle of eye separating dark yellow in upper and lower surfaces). The dorsum is smooth. Webbing between the fingers and toes is reduced. They lack the flash colors on flanks, preaxial, and postaxial margins of thighs present in the related phyllomedusid genera. Males have vocal sacs and vocal slits.[2]

Species

There are six species, one of them probably extinct:[1][2][3]

Binomial name and authorCommon name
Phrynomedusa appendiculata (Lutz, 1925)Santa Catarina leaf frog
Phrynomedusa bokermanni Cruz, 1991Bokermann's leaf frog
Phrynomedusa dryade Baêta, Giasson, Pombal, and Haddad, 2016
†Phrynomedusa fimbriata Miranda-Ribeiro, 1923Spiny-knee leaf frog
Phrynomedusa marginata (Izecksohn & Cruz, 1976)Bicolored leaf frog
Phrynomedusa vanzolinii Cruz, 1991Vanzolini's leaf frog
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gollark: You need cyan to invite you.
gollark: Is there also apiolectricity?
gollark: We need Maxwell's equations but for apiomagnetism.
gollark: Oh, never mind, there are existing kinematics formulae for this case.

References
  1. Frost, Darrel R. (2017). "Phrynomedusa Miranda-Ribeiro, 1923". Amphibian Species of the World: an Online Reference. Version 6.0. American Museum of Natural History. Retrieved 29 May 2017.
  2. Baêta, Délio; Giasson, Luís Olímpio Menta; Pombal, José P.; Haddad, Célio Fernando Baptista (16 November 2016). "Review of the rare genus Phrynomedusa Miranda-Ribeiro, 1923 (Anura: Phyllomedusidae) with description of a new species". Herpetological Monographs. 30 (1): 49–78. doi:10.1655/HERPMONOGRAPHS-D-15-00009.1.
  3. "Hylidae". AmphibiaWeb: Information on amphibian biology and conservation. [web application]. Berkeley, California: AmphibiaWeb. 2017. Retrieved 29 May 2017.
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