Percé, Quebec

Percé is a small city near the tip of the Gaspé Peninsula in Quebec, Canada. Within the territory of the city there is a village community also called Percé.

Percé
City
The village and the famous Percé Rock, from nearby Mont-Sainte-Anne.
Coat of arms
Location within Le Rocher-Percé RCM.
Percé
Location in eastern Quebec.
Coordinates: 48°32′N 64°13′W[1]
Country Canada
Province Quebec
RegionGaspésie–Îles-de-la-Madeleine
RCMLe Rocher-Percé
Settled1800s
ConstitutedJanuary 1, 1971
Government
 • MayorCathy Poirier
 • Federal ridingGaspésie—Îles-de-la-Madeleine
 • Prov. ridingGaspé
Area
 • Total550.30 km2 (212.47 sq mi)
 • Land432.39 km2 (166.95 sq mi)
Population
 (2011)[4]
 • Total3,312
 • Density7.7/km2 (20/sq mi)
 • Pop 2006-2011
 3.1%
 • Dwellings
1,907
Time zoneUTC−5 (EST)
 • Summer (DST)UTC−4 (EDT)
Postal code(s)
G0C 2L0
Area code(s)418 and 581
Highways Route 132
Websitewww.ville.perce.qc.ca

Percé, member of the association of Most Beautiful Villages of Quebec, is mainly a tourist location particularly well known for the attractions of Percé Rock and Bonaventure Island.

In addition to Percé itself, the town's territory also includes the communities of Barachois, Belle-Anse, Bougainville, Bridgeville, Cap-d'Espoir, Cannes-de-Roches, Coin-du-Banc, L'Anse-à-Beaufils, Pointe-Saint-Pierre, Rameau, Saint-Georges-de-Malbaie, and Val-d'Espoir.

Percé is the seat of the judicial district of Gaspé.[5]

History

The area was within the traditional homelands of the Mi'kmaq people, who called the place Sigsôg ("steep rocks" or "crags") and Pelseg ("fishing place"). In 1603, Samuel de Champlain visited the area and named the famous rock Isle Percée ("Pierced Island"). During the 17th century, the place was used primarily as a stop-over for ships travelling to Quebec.[1]

"A view of the Pierced Island, a remarkable rock in the Gulf of St. Laurence - two leagues to the southward of Gaspée Bay Vüe de l'Isle Percée, rocher remarquable dans le Golfe St. Laurent a 2 lieues au sud de la Baye de Gaspe" by Hervey Smyth, 1760.

Used as a seasonal fishing centre during the New France era, permanent settlement began in the early 19th century with the arrival of Irish, French Canadian, and Jersey natives. In 1801 the Parish of Saint-Michel-de-Percé was founded.[1] Percé became the most important fishing location on the Gaspé Peninsula after Charles Robin, a native of Jersey, began his fishing establishment. Old buildings of the Charles Robin Company can still be seen there.

In 1842, the geographic township of Percé was formed, and 3 years later, the place was incorporated as a township municipality.[1]

In 1942, the Royal Canadian Navy made a decision to expand Direction Finding and wireless intercept at Cap D'Espoir to a 24-hour basis in order to provide more bearings on German U-boats and to intercept enemy radio traffic. The Department of Transport placed its facilities at the disposal of the RCN. On May 21/45, the Canadian Naval Service approved the closing down and disposal of Harbour Grace and Cap D'Espoir intercept stations.

Percé in 1969

In 1971, Percé was greatly expanded and gained ville (town) status when it amalgamated with these 5 surrounding municipalities (with year of original incorporation):[1]

  • Municipality of Barachois (1953)
  • Municipality of Bridgeville (1933)
  • Municipality of Cap-d'Espoir (1935)
  • Municipality of Saint-Pierre-de-la-Malbaie N°1 (1876)
  • Municipality of Saint-Pierre-de-la-Malbaie N°2 (1876)

Demographics

Population
Canada census – Percé, Quebec community profile
2011 2006
Population: 3,312 (-3.1% from 2006) 3,419 (-5.4% from 2001)
Land area: 432.39 km2 (166.95 sq mi) 432.39 km2 (166.95 sq mi)
Population density: 7.7/km2 (20/sq mi) 7.9/km2 (20/sq mi)
Median age: 51.9 (M: 51.1, F: 52.7) 48.4 (M: 48.1, F: 49.0)
Total private dwellings: 1,907 1,839
Median household income: $36,524 $33,973
References: 2011[4] 2006[6] earlier[7]
Historical Census Data - Percé, Quebec[8]
YearPop.±%
1991 4,028—    
1996 3,993−0.9%
YearPop.±%
2001 3,614−9.5%
2006 3,419−5.4%
YearPop.±%
2011 3,312−3.1%

Language
Canada Census Mother Tongue - Percé, Quebec[8]
Census Total
French
English
French & English
Other
Year Responses Count Trend Pop % Count Trend Pop % Count Trend Pop % Count Trend Pop %
2011
3,310
 2,595 3.7% 78.40% 665 3.1% 20.09% 40 166.7% 1.21% 10 84.6% 0.30%
2006
3,420
 2,695 6.9% 78.80% 645 7.9% 18.86% 15 0.0% 0.44% 65 n/a% 1.90%
2001
3,610
 2,895 8.7% 80.19% 700 0.7% 19.39% 15 75.0% 0.42% 0 100.0% 0.00%
1996
3,950
 3,170 n/a 80.25% 705 n/a 17.85% 60 n/a 1.52% 15 n/a 0.38%

Tourism
Percé with Percé Rock and Bonaventure Island in the background.
Percé Rock.

Percé Rock is a natural rock formation located close to the shore facing the town. It is a natural tourist attraction for its size, color, and unusual door-like hole at one end the rock. It can be seen from any of the belvederes in the area including Mount Joli, Mount Sainte-Anne and Pic de l'Aurore. Tourists can walk up to the hole in the rock at low tide.

Bonaventure Island occupies an area of 4.16 square km facing the town of Percé. It is populated by one of the most important gannet colonies in the world and many other species of birds such as puffins, cormorants and murres also use the island as a home and breeding ground.[9]

Whale watching is also a popular attraction in local area, and most notably, North Atlantic right whales, one of the rarest whales, had begun to concentrate off Percé in 1995 (this species was used to be regarded as sporadic visitors into Gulf of St. Lawrence until in 1994, and gradual increases have been confirmed in entire St. Lawrence since in 1998),[10] and Gaspe Peninsula has become the center of sightings in St. Lawrence region.[11]

Further inland from Percé lies Mount Blanc which has a deep crevasse, as well as many other belvederes that overlook Cannes-de-Roches. Mount Sainte-Anne, with a height of 375 metres, provides views of the sea and, during times of good visibility, Miscou Island in New Brunswick can be seen.

Transportation
Quebec Route 132 in Percé

Percé can be accessed via Route 132, coming either from the north or the south, and by Via Rail's Montreal – Gaspé train which stops at the Percé railway station. It is also reachable by air from the nearby Du Rocher-Percé Airport via private or charter aircraft - there is no scheduled air service to this airport.

Behind the St. Michael’s Church of Perce, walking trails lead up past lookouts to the summit of Mont Saint-Anne of 348 metres (1,142 ft), the Grotto of Mother Mary with a waterfall and Crevasse. Another high hill, Mont-Blanc, has views of the region.

In the coastal waters, visitors can observe various species of marine mammals, such as seals and whales. The region is home to thousands of marine birds, which crowd the rocks of the Parc national de l’Ile-Bonaventure-et-du-Rocher-Perce facing of the town, just 2 miles off the coast of Perce.

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See also
  • List of cities in Quebec

References
  1. "Percé (ville)" (in French). Commission de toponymie du Québec. Retrieved 2011-12-07.
  2. "Percé". Répertoire des municipalités (in French). Ministère des Affaires municipales, des Régions et de l'Occupation du territoire. Archived from the original on 2012-05-01. Retrieved 2011-12-07.
  3. "Percé census profile". 2011 Census data. Statistics Canada. Retrieved 2011-12-07.
  4. "2011 Community Profiles". 2011 Canadian Census. Statistics Canada. July 5, 2013. Retrieved 2014-01-28.
  5. Territorial Division Act. Revised Statutes of Quebec D-11.
  6. "2006 Community Profiles". 2006 Canadian Census. Statistics Canada. March 30, 2011. Retrieved 2011-12-07.
  7. "2001 Community Profiles". 2001 Canadian Census. Statistics Canada. February 17, 2012.
  8. Statistics Canada: 1996, 2001, 2006, 2011 census
  9. "Canadian Important Bird Areas". Ibacanada.ca. Retrieved 2012-12-05.
  10. http://baleinesendirect.org/une-baleine-noire-en-vue-merci-dappeler-urgences-mammiferes-marins/
  11. http://ici.radio-canada.ca/regions/est-quebec/2015/08/21/010-baleine-noire-roter-sand-mission-golfe-saint-laurent.shtml



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