Pavel Alexandrovich Alexandrov

Pavel Alexandrovich Alexandrov, Aleksandrov Pavel Alexandrovich (Russian: Павел Александрович Александров, 1866, Saint Petersburg - September 24, 1940, Moscow) was a distinguished lawyer and state official of the Russian Empire, councillor of state.[1] He investigated the most sensational crimes of the late 19th and early 20th centuries, which received wide coverage in the mass media.[2]

Pavel Alexandrovich Alexandrov
Павелъ Александровичъ Александровъ
Photo in prison, from the archive the Russian Federal Security Service
Born	1866 Saint Petersburg, Russian Empire
Died	September 24, 1940 (aged 74) Moscow, Soviet Union
Cause of death	repression, murder
Resting place	Donskoi Cemetery (Common Grave 1)
Nationality	Russian
Citizenship	Russian Empire  Soviet Union
Alma mater	Saint Petersburg Imperial University
Occupation	Jurisprudence, criminology
Known for	Investigating the attempted murder Sergei Witte, coup d'etat in October 1917, etc.
Notable work	Investigator, prosecutor, state councillor
Political party	non-party
Spouse(s)	Katherine Ivanovna Alexandrova
Children	One daughter
Awards	Order of Saint Stanislaus (2) Medal "In memory of the reign of Emperor Alexander III" Order of Noble Bukhara

Biography

He was born in a burgess family.

• In 1890 graduated from the law faculty of St. Petersburg University. Was appointed to the work district judicial investigator (1st section of the District Court of St. Petersburg), where he worked for fifteen years with a break.
• In 1895, the acting attorney in district court Mitava. Returned to investigative work.
• From 1897 he served in the Petersburg District Court - in the first instance as an investigator.
• 1909 investigator for particularly important cases.
• Since 1916 was an investigator for particularly important cases in St. Petersburg court. Investigating cases of attempted murder of Prime Minister Sergei Witte (in 1907, he proved that the tsarist secret police had been involved), case about the poisoning Mr. Buturlin from Dr. Panchenko, case the murder of actress Ms. Timme, case Mr. Orlov-Davydov and artist Mr. Poiret, case about swindler Ms. Olga Stein, case about teacher-lecher Mr. Du-Lu, the case of the death of the son of Admiral Mr. Crochae, case of a fire at St. Petersburg folk house from the fault Prince of Oldenburg and others. He earned a reputation as an impartial, and faithful truth criminalist, had political impartiality, ensuring public confidence in the results of his investigation.
• At the beginning of 1917 Aleksandrov was a teacher of "production techniques of investigation for espionage affairs" at the school of counterintelligence at the Main Directorate of the General Staff of the Russian Empire. As to the judicial investigation of treason citizen of the Russian Empire of Vladimir Lenin and the Bolsheviks - Mr. Alexandrov sewed to Volume 11 of the case filed testimony from chief central department of counterintelligence at the Main Directorate of the General Staff of Mr. Medvedev, and Volume 13 of the case - fully compiled of agential of the material of counterintelligence.[3]
• After the February Revolution, Justice Minister Mr. Skaryatin made seconded Mr. Alexandrov to special commission of inquiry, which investigated the activities of the "Union of the Russian People", case «Manasevich-Manuylov», case «Bielecki», case «Protopopov» and others. In July 1917, Mr. Alexandrov submitted to a commission of inquiry to investigate «July events» 3–5 July (building counterintelligence on the waterfront of the "Resurrection" was attacked twice per day — the main goal was Bolsheviks to capture the archive counterintelligence at the Main Directorate of the General Staff of the Russian Empire, which contained incriminating documents anti-state activities of the Bolsheviks). Counterintelligence gave for examining magistrate Mr. Alexandrov several cupboards (with of correspondence and telegrams), that compromising citizens of the Russian Empire the Bolsheviks and Vladimir Lenin.[4] For Mr. Alexandrov was requested to present a formal public prosecution against Vladimir Lenin on the basis of "a criminal act under 51, 100 and 108 § 1 of Art. Criminal Law Code of the Russian empire".
• In mid-April 1917, Alexandrov opened a criminal case against Lenin and the Bolsheviks. On October 17, 1917, Alexandrov interrogated the last witness - Mr. Alexeev. The case against the Bolsheviks was never completed, because the person under investigation, Vladimir Lenin, organized a coup d'etat in October 1917, when was scheduled court hearing of his crime (Alexandrov officially and legally made evidence guilty of a citizen of the Russian Empire Lenin]]). The criminal case was so important that the confiscation of his 21 volumes was the first command of the new government, the future USSR, and the second stage - the attack oh the Winter Palace.
• October 21, 1918, Alexandrov was arrested by the Cheka in USSR, because of his conscientious performance of official duties in the public service in the Russian Empire. Arrested at the station Veimarn Baltic Railway. Together with his son-in-law (Mr. Anatoly Alexeyevich Zhdanov) concluded in concentration camp with the phrase - "before the end of the Civil War" (on period two years[5]); his daughter released. A July 26, 1919, at the request Demyan Bedny addressed to Felix Dzerzhinsky released son-in-law (Mr. Anatoly Alexeyevich Zhdanov).
• In 1925, again he gave explanations in Soviet law enforcement agencies (OGPU) after arrest. At the time, he worked as head of the department of incidents on "October railway" in Moscow.
• April 5, 1928 again he arrested and imprisoned. Sentenced to 5 years "Labor camp" and sent to a concentration camp USSR.
• In early 1929 his wife requested application in "Political Red Cross" for facilitating repression. In the case of Mr. Aleksandrov (archive Russian FSB) preserved note from Anatoly Lunacharsky (1929):

«I hereby certify that Mr. Alexandrov P. A. being forensic investigator for particularly important cases under the government of Alexander Kerensky, he led my case, and showed himself in this man perfectly valid and objective. People's Commissar for Education Anatoly Lunacharsky».[6]

• In 1932 - he was released early from the concentration camp USSR and sent to get off the remaining term in Siberia.
• In the mid-1930s - after his release he returned to Moscow and worked as a legal adviser in the office of the Chief Supply Management sugar industry Commissariat food industry.
• January 17, 1939 arrested the NKVD (secret decree about repression «NKVD Order No. 00447»).
• 17–18 November 1939, was arrested at night[1] without the production of a criminal case, in violation of regulations Presidium Central Executive Committee of the USSR on November 2, 1927: "On amnesty to mark the 10th anniversary of the October Revolution". Because there was a request of the security organs «KGB» not to apply amnesty to Mr. Aleksandrov. This had adopted Prosecutor's Office the USSR May 22, 1939. This was decided on this at the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR 11 November 1939. At the time of his arrest, he worked as a legal adviser in the economic office supplies. Mr. Alexandrov survived with dignity on interrogations.
• July 16, 1940 closed session of the Military Collegium of the Supreme Court of the USSR decided to shoot away him.
• September 24, 1940 was shot. Buried in «Donskoi Cemetery» (in «Common Grave Number 1», after burning in a «Donskoi crematorium»[7]). The entire history of the Soviet Union became the confirmation of the validity of acts lawyer Mr. P. A. Aleksandrov.
• November 9, 1993 the Chief Military Prosecutor's Office of the Russian Federation was posthumously rehabilitated.[8][9]

Career colleagues Mr. P. A. Alexandrov lawyer Andrey Vyshinsky turned out differently, though A. Vyshinsky signed order for the arrest of a state criminal V. I. Ulyanov (Lenin).[10] Since Andrey Vyshinsky contrary "professional ethics" became a member of a political party to the RSDLP before 1917, and his immediate supervisor (Minister of Justice Russian Empire Mr. Pavel Nikolaevich Maljantovich member of a political party RSDLP) in violation of the "secrecy of the investigation", warned the head of the RSDLP V. I. Ulyanov (Lenin) about arrest, to facilitate his escape and concealment from justice. It was in this atmosphere made investigation nonpartisan Mr. Alexandrov with tragic consequence of these circumstances for the investigation and history of the people.

Honors

meritorious official duties

• Order of Saint Stanislaus 3 degrees;
• Order of Saint Stanislaus 2 degrees;
• Medal «In memory of the reign of Emperor Alexander III»;
• Order of Noble Bukhara (Order of Bukhara gold star) 2 degrees.[1][3]

Family

His wife Katherine Ivanovna Alexandrova (*born 1875), had secondary education, housewife. In 1929 - after sending her husband in a concentration camp USSR, she lived with relatives in Pyatigorsk. In the autumn of 1933 - arrested in Pyatigorsk. December 12, 1933 was sentenced to three years' exile in Siberia and sent to the Tomsk Oblast.[1][11]

References

1. «Супруги АЛЕКСАНДРОВЫ П.А. и Е.И.», КНИГА ПАМЯТИ (АЛФАВИТНЫЙ УКАЗАТЕЛЬ) - сайт "МЕМОРИАЛ" (in Russian)
2. Биография «Павел Александрович Александров» (in Russian)
3. Полковник юстиции АНИСИМОВ Н. Л., Военно-исторический журнал, 1990 г., № 11, «Обвиняется В. Ульянов-Ленин» (in Russian)
4. Russia-1 (TV channel) «Кто заплатил Ленину? Тайна века». Документальный фильм (25.01.2014) (in Russian)
5. «Александров», Михаил Любчик, 2013 р. - сайт «Проза.ру» (in Russian)
6. «Самые популярные мифы о СССР», Юрий Идашкин (21-05-2012) (in Russian)
7. Александров Павел Александрович (1866-1940) - сайт «Центр генеалогических исследований» (in Russian)
8. United States Agency for International Development, Henry M. Jackson Foundation (USA) «Мартиролог расстрелянных в Москве и Московской области» (Сахаровский центр, USAID, Фонд Джексона и др.) (in Russian)
9. Александров Павел Александрович (1866—1940), сайт «Жертвы политического террора в СССР» (in Russian)
10. В. В. Соколов. Вышинский Андрей Януарьевич (министр иностранных дел СССР 1949–1953 гг.) // «Дипломатический вестник». — 2002 г., июль. (in Russian)
11. Александрова Екатерина Ивановна - «Жертвы политического террора в СССР», сайт «Мемориал» (in Russian)

Documentary film

• Russia-1 (TV channel) Кто заплатил Ленину? Тайна века. Документальный фильм (25.01.2014) (in Russian)

Sources

• State Archive of the Russian Federation: Ф. Р-8409. Оп. 1. Д. 911. С. 45-49, 56. (in Russian)
• State Archive of the Russian Federation: Ф. Р-8419. Оп. 1. Д. 172. С. 33; Ф. Р-8409. Оп. 1. Д. 380. С. 77-80, 98-99. (in Russian)
• case «Pavel Alexandrovich Alexandrov» - Central Archives Federal Security Service Russia (in Russian)
• case «Vladimir Lenin» - Central Archives October Revolution (in Russian)
• Звягинцев А. Г., Орлов Ю. Г. // «Неизвестная Фемида. Документы, события, люди» — г. Москва: изд. «ОЛМА-ПРЕСС», 2003 г. ЧАСТЬ II В ЭПОХУ РЕФОРМ И ПОТРЯСЕНИЙ «АЛЕКСАНДРОВ Павел Александрович (1866 — 1940), юрист, следователь по особо важным делам.» — С.233-234 — ISBN 5-224-04224-0 (in Russian)
• Давыдов Ю. // «Бестселлер». Москва: «Новое литературное обозрение», 1999 г. С. 281. (in Russian)
• Никитин Б. В. // «Роковые годы». г. Москва: изд. «Айрис-Пресс», 2007 г. — С. 19, 26-27, 48-49, 124-25, 128, 131, 136, 139, 142, 149, 152-54, 215, 336, 367. (in Russian)

External links

• United States Agency for International Development, Henry M. Jackson Foundation (USA) «Мартиролог расстрелянных в Москве и Московской области» (Сахаровский центр, USAID, Фонд Джексона (США) и др.) (in Russian)
• АЛЕКСАНДРОВ Павел Александрович (1866—1940), юрист, следователь по особо важным делам — Портал «Юристъ» (in Russian)
• Биография «Павел Александрович Александров» (in Russian)
• Александров Павел Александрович (1866—1940) — сайт «Центр генеалогических исследований» (in Russian)
• Полковник юстиции АНИСИМОВ Н. Л., Военно-исторический журнал, 1990 г., № 11, «Обвиняется В. Ульянов-Ленин» (in Russian)
• Самые популярные мифы о СССР, Юрий Идашкин (21-05-2012) (in Russian)
• Александрова Екатерина Ивановна (1875 г.р.) - «Жертвы политического террора в СССР», сайт «Мемориал» (in Russian)
• Александров Павел Александрович (1866—1940) - «Жертвы политического террора в СССР», сайт «Мемориал» (in Russian)
• «Супруги АЛЕКСАНДРОВЫ П.А. и Е.И.», КНИГА ПАМЯТИ (АЛФАВИТНЫЙ УКАЗАТЕЛЬ) - сайт "МЕМОРИАЛ" (in Russian)