Patrick X. Gallagher

Patrick Ximenes Gallagher (January 2, 1935[1][2] – March 30, 2019)[2][3] was an American mathematician who pioneered large sieve theory and invented the larger sieve.

Patrick X. Gallagher
Born	(1935-01-02)January 2, 1935 Elizabeth, New Jersey
Died	March 30, 2019(2019-03-30) (aged 84)
Nationality	American
Alma mater	Harvard University Princeton University
Known for	large sieve larger sieve
Awards	Columbia University Presidential Teaching Award (2005)
Scientific career
Fields	Mathematics
Institutions	Columbia University Barnard College Institute for Advanced Study Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Doctoral advisor	Donald C. Spencer
Doctoral students	Dorian M. Goldfeld

Biography

Early life

Patrick Ximenes Gallagher was born on January 2, 1935 in Elizabeth, New Jersey to school superintendent Ralph P. Gallagher and elementary school teacher Natalie Forcheimer Gallagher.[1][4][5] Gallagher graduated from Bound Brook High School and received a scholarship from the Harvard Club of New Jersey to attend Harvard University.[5][6]

Education

In 1956, Gallagher received a B.A. degree magna cum laude from Harvard University.[7][5] At Harvard, he was a member of the Harvard Mathematics Club and Eliot House Mathematics-Physics Club and completed an undergraduate honors thesis entitled On a property of some entire functions.[6] In 1959, Gallagher received a PhD from Princeton University with a doctoral dissertation entitled Metric Diophantine Approximation in One and Several Dimensions completed under the supervision of Donald C. Spencer.[8]

Career

After receiving his doctoral degree, Gallagher served as an instructor at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology from 1959 to 1961.[1] He spent one year living in the Latin Quarter of Paris before becoming an assistant professor at Columbia University in 1962.[1][9] He moved from Columbia to become a member of the Institute for Advanced Study for the 1964-1965 academic year.[1] From 1965 to 1972, he was an associate professor and then full professor at Barnard College.[1][7]

In 1972, Gallagher moved back to Columbia University as a professor of mathematics.[10][11][1] Gallagher received the Columbia University Presidential Teaching Award in 2005[7] and became Director of Undergraduate Studies in the Department of Mathematics in 2013.[10][11] He retired from Columbia in 2017 and was Professor Emeritus until his death in 2019.[3]

Research

In the 1960s and 1970s, Gallagher proved several results in large sieve methods in analytic number theory and simplified key ingredients used in the proof of the Bombieri–Vinogradov theorem.[12][13] He also applied the large sieve to study the asymptotics of Galois groups of monic integral polynomials of bounded height, improving on results by van der Waerden.[14][15]

In 1971, he invented the larger sieve.[16]

Family

Gallagher met his wife, Minh Chau Gallagher, while he was an instructor at MIT in 1960.[9] Minh Chau was born in Hanoi to Roman Catholic parents.[17] They had two sons together.[9]

References

1. American Men and Women of Science. 3 (21st ed.). Gale. 2004. p. 16. GALLAGHER, PATRICK XIMENES. Personal Data: b Elizabeth. NJ. January 2, 1935. Education: Harvard Univ, AB, 1956; Princeton Univ, PhD(math), 1959. Professional Experience: PROF MATH, COLUMBIA UNIV. 1972-; from assoc prof to prof math, Bar nard Col, 1965-1972; mem, Inst Advan Study, 1964-1965; asst prof, Columbia Univ, 1962-1964; Instr, Mass Inst Technol, 1959-1961; Asst math, Princeton Univ, 1957-1959. Memberships: Am Math Soc. Mailing Address: Dept Math, Columbia Univ 299 Broadway 517 Math MC 4439, New York, NY 10027-6902.
2. "In memory of Patrick X. Gallagher" (PDF). Columbia University. Archived from the original (PDF) on December 22, 2019. Retrieved August 4, 2020.
3. "Memorial Conference for Patrick Ximenes Gallagher". Columbia University. August 21, 2019. Retrieved August 26, 2019.
4. "Natalie F. Gallagher, active in community". Courier News. February 4, 1995. p. B-2. Retrieved December 28, 2019.
5. "Gets Princeton Assistant Post". Courier News. June 16, 1956. p. 12. Retrieved December 28, 2019.
6. "Bound Brook Man Awarded Assistantship At Princeton". The Central Jersey Home News. June 17, 1956. p. 8. Retrieved December 28, 2019.
7. "Patrick X. Gallagher". Institute for Advanced Study. Retrieved February 8, 2019.
8. Patrick X. Gallagher at the Mathematics Genealogy Project
9. Andrew Gallagher (October 10, 2019). Eulogy Patrick X. Gallagher Columbia University 10/10/19 (Video). YouTube.
10. "Patrick Gallagher". Columbia University. Archived from the original on June 21, 2016. Retrieved February 8, 2019.
11. Tunnell, Amber (March 27, 2013). "Over Past 12 Years, Grade Inflation Increases". Columbia Daily Spectator. Retrieved February 8, 2019.
12. Tenenbaum, Gérald (2015). Introduction to Analytic and Probabilistic Number Theory. Graduate Studies in Mathematics. 163. American Mathematical Society. pp. 102–104. ISBN 9780821898543.
13. Iwaniec, Henryk; Kowalski, Emmanuel (2004). Analytic Number Theory. Colloquium Publications. 53. American Mathematical Society. p. 183. ISBN 978-0-8218-3633-0.
14. Gallagher, Patrick X. (1973). "The large sieve and probabilistic Galois theory". In Diamond, Harold G. (ed.). Analytic number theory. Proceedings of Symposia in Pure Mathematics. 24. American Mathematical Society. pp. 91–101.
15. Kowalski, Emmanuel (August 8, 2007). "The large sieve inequalities". Terry Tao Wordpress. Retrieved February 8, 2019.
16. Gallagher, Patrick (1971). "A larger sieve". Acta Arithmetica. 18: 77–81.
17. Sokolov, Raymond A. (July 22, 1971). "She Learned How to Cook as a Girl in Hanoi". NY Times. Born in Hanoi of Roman Catholic parents, she attended Boston College and has been in the United States ever since.