Palantla Chinantec

Palantla Chinantec, also known as Chinanteco de San Pedro Tlatepuzco, is a major Chinantecan language of Mexico, spoken in San Juan Palantla and a couple dozen neighboring towns in northern Oaxaca. The variety of San Mateo Yetla, known as Valle Nacional Chinantec, has marginal mutual intelligibility.

Palantla Chinantec
Tlatepuzco Chinantec
Native toMexico
RegionOaxaca
EthnicityChinantecs
Native speakers
25,000 (2007)[1]
Oto-Mangue
  • Western Oto-Mangue
    • Oto-Pame–Chinantecan
      • Chinantec
        • Palantla Chinantec
Language codes
ISO 639-3Either:
cpa – Palantla Chinantec
cvn – Valle Nacional Chinantec
Glottologpala1351  Palantla[2]
vall1253  Valle Nacional[3]

A grammar and a dictionary have been published.[4][5]

The language is unusual in having, for some speakers, a three-way contrast between non-nasalized, lightly nasalized, and heavily nasalized vowels.[6]

Phonology

Vowels
FrontCentral Back
Close i ɯ u
Mid ɛ ɤ o
Open a

Close vowels /i u/ typically are articulated as more open [ɪ ʊ] and are realized as more closed when represented by different tones. The close back vowel /ɯ/ tends to be articulated as [ə] when present in vowel clusters following /u/, or when preceding the /j/ consonant, and may also have a higher central sound. The mid back vowel /ɤ/ tends to be articulated as [ɜ] or [ɨ] when preceding a /w/ consonant. The low central vowel /a/ tends to be realized as [ɐ] following /i/ when one of the consonants /t l n/ occurs.

Each vowel can be nasalized as /ĩ ɯ̃ ũ ɛ̃ ɤ̃ õ ã/.

Stress tones may include either high or low /v́ v̀/ tones.[7][4]

Consonants
Labial Alveolar Palatal Velar Glottal
Plosive voiceless p t k ʔ
voiced b d ɡ
Affricate voiceless t͡s
voiced d͡z
Rhotic r
Fricative ɸ s h
Nasal m n ŋ
Approximant w l j
gollark: What?
gollark: Also Rust on a few things.
gollark: I use JS and Python.
gollark: Huge inconsistency, being bodged together over probably decades.
gollark: They are not really the same thing.

References
  1. Palantla Chinantec at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015)
    Valle Nacional Chinantec at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015)
  2. Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin, eds. (2017). "Palantla Chinantec". Glottolog 3.0. Jena, Germany: Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History.
  3. Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin, eds. (2017). "Valle Nacional Chinantec". Glottolog 3.0. Jena, Germany: Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History.
  4. Merrifield, William R. 1968. Palantla Chinantec grammar. Papeles de la Chinantla 5, Serie Científica 9.México: Museo Nacional de Antropología.
  5. Merrifield, William R. and Alfred E. Anderson. 2007. Diccionario Chinanteco de la diáspora del pueblo antiguo de San Pedro Tlatepuzco, Oaxaca. [2nd Edition]. Serie de vocabularios y diccionarios indígenas “Mariano Silva y Aceves” 39. Mexico DF: Summer Linguistic Institute. .
  6. Juliette Blevins (2004). Evolutionary Phonology: The Emergence of Sound Patterns. Cambridge University Press. p. 203.
  7. Merrifield, William R. (1963). Palantla Chinantec Syllable Types. Anthropological Linguistics Vol. 5, No. 5: Anthropological Linguistics. pp. 1–16.CS1 maint: location (link)
This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.