PLS3

Plastin-3 is a highly conserved protein that in humans is encoded by the PLS3 gene on the X chromosome.[5][6]

PLS3
Available structures PDB Ortholog search: PDBe RCSB List of PDB id codes 1AOA, 1WJO
Identifiers
Aliases	PLS3, BMND18, T-plastin, plastin 3
External IDs	OMIM: 300131 MGI: 104807 HomoloGene: 128200 GeneCards: PLS3
Gene location (Human) Chr. X chromosome (human)[1] Band Xq23 Start 115,561,174 bp[1] End 115,650,861 bp[1]
Gene location (Mouse) Chr. X chromosome (mouse)[2] Band X|X A7.3 Start 75,785,654 bp[2] End 75,875,182 bp[2]
RNA expression pattern More reference expression data
Gene ontology Molecular function • calcium ion binding • actin binding • metal ion binding • actin filament binding Cellular component • cytoplasm • cytosol • actin filament • cell membrane • actin filament bundle Biological process • bone development • actin filament bundle assembly • actin filament network formation • actin crosslink formation Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs
Species	Human	Mouse
Entrez	5358	102866
Ensembl	ENSG00000102024	ENSMUSG00000016382
UniProt	P13797	Q99K51
RefSeq (mRNA)	NM_001136025 NM_001172335 NM_001282337 NM_001282338 NM_005032	NM_001166453 NM_001166454 NM_145629 NM_001346519 NM_001346520
RefSeq (protein)	NP_001129497 NP_001165806 NP_001269266 NP_001269267 NP_005023	NP_001159925 NP_001159926 NP_001333448 NP_001333449 NP_663604
Location (UCSC)	Chr X: 115.56 – 115.65 Mb	Chr X: 75.79 – 75.88 Mb
PubMed search	[3]	[4]
Wikidata
View/Edit Human View/Edit Mouse

Function

Plastins are a family of actin-binding proteins that are conserved throughout eukaryote evolution and expressed in most tissues of higher eukaryotes. In humans, two ubiquitous plastin isoforms (L and T) have been identified. Plastin 1 (otherwise known as Fimbrin) is a third distinct plastin isoform which is specifically expressed at high levels in the small intestine. The L isoform is expressed only in hemopoietic cell lineages, while the T isoform has been found in all other normal cells of solid tissues that have replicative potential (fibroblasts, endothelial cells, epithelial cells, melanocytes, etc.). The C-terminal 570 amino acids of the T-plastin and L-plastin proteins are 83% identical. It contains a potential calcium-binding site near the N-terminus.[6]

Clinical significance

Defects in PLS3 are associated with osteoporosis and bone fracture in humans and in knockout zebrafish.[7]

References

1. GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000102024 - Ensembl, May 2017
2. GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000016382 - Ensembl, May 2017
3. "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
4. "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
5. Lin CS, Park T, Chen ZP, Leavitt J (Mar 1993). "Human plastin genes. Comparative gene structure, chromosome location, and differential expression in normal and neoplastic cells". J Biol Chem. 268 (4): 2781–92. PMID 8428952.
6. "Entrez Gene: PLS3 plastin 3 (T isoform)".
7. van Dijk FS, Zillikens MC, Micha D, Riessland M, Marcelis CL, de Die-Smulders CE, Milbradt J, Franken AA, Harsevoort AJ, Lichtenbelt KD, et al. (October 2013). "PLS3 Mutations in X-Linked Osteoporosis with Fractures". N. Engl. J. Med. 369 (16): 1529–36. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.713.901. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa1308223. PMID 24088043.

Further reading

• Lin CS, Aebersold RH, Leavitt J (1990). "Correction of the N-terminal sequences of the human plastin isoforms by using anchored polymerase chain reaction: identification of a potential calcium-binding domain". Mol. Cell. Biol. 10 (4): 1818–21. doi:10.1128/MCB.10.4.1818. PMC 362293. PMID 2378651.
• Lin CS, Aebersold RH, Kent SB, et al. (1988). "Molecular cloning and characterization of plastin, a human leukocyte protein expressed in transformed human fibroblasts". Mol. Cell. Biol. 8 (11): 4659–68. doi:10.1128/MCB.8.11.4659. PMC 365555. PMID 3211125.
• Goldstein D, Djeu J, Latter G, et al. (1985). "Abundant synthesis of the transformation-induced protein of neoplastic human fibroblasts, plastin, in normal lymphocytes". Cancer Res. 45 (11 Pt 2): 5643–7. PMID 4053036.
• Arpin M, Friederich E, Algrain M, et al. (1995). "Functional differences between L- and T-plastin isoforms". J. Cell Biol. 127 (6 Pt 2): 1995–2008. doi:10.1083/jcb.127.6.1995. PMC 2120298. PMID 7806577.
• Maruyama K, Sugano S (1994). "Oligo-capping: a simple method to replace the cap structure of eukaryotic mRNAs with oligoribonucleotides". Gene. 138 (1–2): 171–4. doi:10.1016/0378-1119(94)90802-8. PMID 8125298.
• Lin CS, Shen W, Chen ZP, et al. (1994). "Identification of I-plastin, a human fimbrin isoform expressed in intestine and kidney". Mol. Cell. Biol. 14 (4): 2457–67. doi:10.1128/mcb.14.4.2457. PMC 358613. PMID 8139549.
• Goldsmith SC, Pokala N, Shen W, et al. (1997). "The structure of an actin-crosslinking domain from human fimbrin". Nat. Struct. Biol. 4 (9): 708–12. doi:10.1038/nsb0997-708. PMID 9302997.
• Shoeman RL, Hartig R, Hauses C, Traub P (2003). "Organization of focal adhesion plaques is disrupted by action of the HIV-1 protease". Cell Biol. Int. 26 (6): 529–39. doi:10.1006/cbir.2002.0895. PMID 12119179.
• Rao RM, Rama S, Rao AJ (2004). "Changes in T-plastin expression with human trophoblast differentiation". Reprod. Biomed. Online. 7 (2): 235–42. doi:10.1016/S1472-6483(10)61758-0. PMID 14567899.
• Su MW, Dorocicz I, Dragowska WH, et al. (2004). "Aberrant expression of T-plastin in Sezary cells". Cancer Res. 63 (21): 7122–7. PMID 14612505.
• Giganti A, Plastino J, Janji B, et al. (2005). "Actin-filament cross-linking protein T-plastin increases Arp2/3-mediated actin-based movement". J. Cell Sci. 118 (Pt 6): 1255–65. doi:10.1242/jcs.01698. PMID 15741236.
• Ralser M, Nonhoff U, Albrecht M, et al. (2005). "Ataxin-2 and huntingtin interact with endophilin-A complexes to function in plastin-associated pathways". Hum. Mol. Genet. 14 (19): 2893–909. doi:10.1093/hmg/ddi321. PMID 16115810.
• Ikeda H, Sasaki Y, Kobayashi T, et al. (2006). "The role of T-fimbrin in the response to DNA damage: silencing of T-fimbrin by small interfering RNA sensitizes human liver cancer cells to DNA-damaging agents". Int. J. Oncol. 27 (4): 933–40. doi:10.3892/ijo.27.4.933. PMID 16142308.