PDE6D

Retinal rod rhodopsin-sensitive cGMP 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase subunit delta is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the PDE6D gene.[5][6][7] PDE6D was originally identified as a fourth subunit of rod cell-specific cGMP phosphodiesterase (PDE) (EC 3.1.4.35). The precise function of PDE delta subunit in the rod specific GMP-PDE complex is unclear. In addition, PDE delta subunit is not confined to photoreceptor cells but is widely distributed in different tissues. PDE delta subunit is thought to be a specific soluble transport factor for certain prenylated proteins and Arl2-GTP a regulator of PDE-mediated transport.[8]

PDE6D
Available structures PDB Ortholog search: PDBe RCSB List of PDB id codes 1KSG, 1KSH, 1KSJ, 3T5G, 3T5I, 4JHP, 4JV6, 4JV8, 4JVB, 4JVF, 5E8F, 5E80, 5F2U
Identifiers
Aliases	PDE6D, JBTS22, PDED, phosphodiesterase 6D
External IDs	OMIM: 602676 MGI: 1270843 HomoloGene: 1954 GeneCards: PDE6D
EC number	3.1.4.35
Gene location (Human) Chr. Chromosome 2 (human)[1] Band 2q37.1 Start 231,732,433 bp[1] End 231,786,272 bp[1]
Gene location (Mouse) Chr. Chromosome 1 (mouse)[2] Band 1|1 C5 Start 86,542,994 bp[2] End 86,582,629 bp[2]
RNA expression pattern More reference expression data
Gene ontology Molecular function • Rab GTPase binding • GTPase inhibitor activity • GO:0001948 protein binding • 3',5'-cyclic-nucleotide phosphodiesterase activity Cellular component • cytoplasm • cytosol • cell projection • cytoskeleton • cytoplasmic vesicle membrane • membrane • cytoplasmic vesicle • cilium Biological process • GO:0034259 negative regulation of GTPase activity • response to stimulus • visual perception • sensory perception of light stimulus Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs
Species	Human	Mouse
Entrez	5147	18582
Ensembl	ENSG00000156973	ENSMUSG00000026239
UniProt	O43924 Q6IB24	O55057
RefSeq (mRNA)	NM_001291018 NM_002601	NM_008801 NM_001360816 NM_001360817
RefSeq (protein)	NP_001277947 NP_002592 NP_002592.1	NP_032827 NP_001347745 NP_001347746
Location (UCSC)	Chr 2: 231.73 – 231.79 Mb	Chr 1: 86.54 – 86.58 Mb
PubMed search	[3]	[4]
Wikidata
View/Edit Human View/Edit Mouse

Interactions

PDE6D has been shown to interact with:

• ARL2,[9][10]
• HRAS,[10][11]
• RAP1A,[10][11]
• Retinitis pigmentosa GTPase regulator[12] and
• Rnd1.[10][11]

References

1. GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000156973 - Ensembl, May 2017
2. GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000026239 - Ensembl, May 2017
3. "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
4. "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
5. Ershova G, Derré J, Chételin S, Nancy V, Berger R, Kaplan J, Munnich A, de Gunzburg J (Apr 1998). "cDNA sequence, genomic organization and mapping of PDE6D, the human gene encoding the delta subunit of the cGMP phosphodiesterase of retinal rod cells to chromosome 2q36". Cytogenetics and Cell Genetics. 79 (1–2): 139–41. doi:10.1159/000134701. PMID 9533031.
6. Li N, Florio SK, Pettenati MJ, Rao PN, Beavo JA, Baehr W (Apr 1998). "Characterization of human and mouse rod cGMP phosphodiesterase delta subunit (PDE6D) and chromosomal localization of the human gene". Genomics. 49 (1): 76–82. doi:10.1006/geno.1998.5210. PMID 9570951.
7. "Entrez Gene: PDE6D phosphodiesterase 6D, cGMP-specific, rod, delta".
8. Wittinghofer A, Renault L, Hanzal-bayer M, Roversi P, Hillig RC (2002). "The complex of Arl2-GTP and PDE delta: from structure to function". EMBO J. 21 (9): 2095–2106. doi:10.1093/emboj/21.9.2095. PMC 125981. PMID 11980706.
9. Rual JF, Venkatesan K, Hao T, Hirozane-Kishikawa T, Dricot A, Li N, Berriz GF, Gibbons FD, Dreze M, Ayivi-Guedehoussou N, Klitgord N, Simon C, Boxem M, Milstein S, Rosenberg J, Goldberg DS, Zhang LV, Wong SL, Franklin G, Li S, Albala JS, Lim J, Fraughton C, Llamosas E, Cevik S, Bex C, Lamesch P, Sikorski RS, Vandenhaute J, Zoghbi HY, Smolyar A, Bosak S, Sequerra R, Doucette-Stamm L, Cusick ME, Hill DE, Roth FP, Vidal M (Oct 2005). "Towards a proteome-scale map of the human protein-protein interaction network". Nature. 437 (7062): 1173–8. doi:10.1038/nature04209. PMID 16189514.
10. Hanzal-Bayer M, Renault L, Roversi P, Wittinghofer A, Hillig RC (May 2002). "The complex of Arl2-GTP and PDE delta: from structure to function". The EMBO Journal. 21 (9): 2095–106. doi:10.1093/emboj/21.9.2095. PMC 125981. PMID 11980706.
11. Nancy V, Callebaut I, El Marjou A, de Gunzburg J (Apr 2002). "The delta subunit of retinal rod cGMP phosphodiesterase regulates the membrane association of Ras and Rap GTPases". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 277 (17): 15076–84. doi:10.1074/jbc.M109983200. PMID 11786539.
12. Linari M, Ueffing M, Manson F, Wright A, Meitinger T, Becker J (Feb 1999). "The retinitis pigmentosa GTPase regulator, RPGR, interacts with the delta subunit of rod cyclic GMP phosphodiesterase". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 96 (4): 1315–20. doi:10.1073/pnas.96.4.1315. PMC 15460. PMID 9990021.

Further reading

• Marzesco AM, Galli T, Louvard D, Zahraoui A (Aug 1998). "The rod cGMP phosphodiesterase delta subunit dissociates the small GTPase Rab13 from membranes". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 273 (35): 22340–5. doi:10.1074/jbc.273.35.22340. PMID 9712853.
• Lorenz B, Migliaccio C, Lichtner P, Meyer C, Strom TM, D'Urso M, Becker J, Ciccodicola A, Meitinger T (1998). "Cloning and gene structure of the rod cGMP phosphodiesterase delta subunit gene (PDED) in man and mouse". European Journal of Human Genetics. 6 (3): 283–90. doi:10.1038/sj.ejhg.5200215. PMID 9781033.
• Linari M, Ueffing M, Manson F, Wright A, Meitinger T, Becker J (Feb 1999). "The retinitis pigmentosa GTPase regulator, RPGR, interacts with the delta subunit of rod cyclic GMP phosphodiesterase". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 96 (4): 1315–20. doi:10.1073/pnas.96.4.1315. PMC 15460. PMID 9990021.
• Mou H, Grazio HJ, Cook TA, Beavo JA, Cote RH (Jun 1999). "cGMP binding to noncatalytic sites on mammalian rod photoreceptor phosphodiesterase is regulated by binding of its gamma and delta subunits". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 274 (26): 18813–20. doi:10.1074/jbc.274.26.18813. PMID 10373499.
• Linari M, Hanzal-Bayer M, Becker J (Sep 1999). "The delta subunit of rod specific cyclic GMP phosphodiesterase, PDE delta, interacts with the Arf-like protein Arl3 in a GTP specific manner". FEBS Letters. 458 (1): 55–9. doi:10.1016/S0014-5793(99)01117-5. PMID 10518933.
• Nancy V, Callebaut I, El Marjou A, de Gunzburg J (Apr 2002). "The delta subunit of retinal rod cGMP phosphodiesterase regulates the membrane association of Ras and Rap GTPases". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 277 (17): 15076–84. doi:10.1074/jbc.M109983200. PMID 11786539.
• Hanzal-Bayer M, Renault L, Roversi P, Wittinghofer A, Hillig RC (May 2002). "The complex of Arl2-GTP and PDE delta: from structure to function". The EMBO Journal. 21 (9): 2095–106. doi:10.1093/emboj/21.9.2095. PMC 125981. PMID 11980706.
• Stelzl U, Worm U, Lalowski M, Haenig C, Brembeck FH, Goehler H, Stroedicke M, Zenkner M, Schoenherr A, Koeppen S, Timm J, Mintzlaff S, Abraham C, Bock N, Kietzmann S, Goedde A, Toksöz E, Droege A, Krobitsch S, Korn B, Birchmeier W, Lehrach H, Wanker EE (Sep 2005). "A human protein-protein interaction network: a resource for annotating the proteome". Cell. 122 (6): 957–68. doi:10.1016/j.cell.2005.08.029. hdl:11858/00-001M-0000-0010-8592-0. PMID 16169070.
• Wilson SJ, Smyth EM (Apr 2006). "Internalization and recycling of the human prostacyclin receptor is modulated through its isoprenylation-dependent interaction with the delta subunit of cGMP phosphodiesterase 6". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 281 (17): 11780–6. doi:10.1074/jbc.M513110200. PMID 16527812.