Oxetane

Oxetane, or 1,3-propylene oxide, is a heterocyclic organic compound with the molecular formula C
3H
6O, having a four-membered ring with three carbon atoms and one oxygen atom.

Oxetane
Names
Preferred IUPAC name
Oxetane[1]
Systematic IUPAC name
1,3-Epoxypropane
Oxacyclobutane
Other names
1,3-Propylene oxide
Trimethylene oxide
Identifiers
3D model (JSmol)
102382
ChEBI
ChemSpider
ECHA InfoCard 100.007.241
EC Number
  • 207-964-3
239520
UNII
UN number 1280
Properties
C3H6O
Molar mass 58.08 g/mol
Density 0.8930 g/cm3
Melting point −97 °C (−143 °F; 176 K)
Boiling point 49 to 50 °C (120 to 122 °F; 322 to 323 K)
1.3895 at 25°C
Hazards
GHS pictograms
GHS Signal word Danger
GHS hazard statements
 H225, H302, H312, H332
P210, P233, P240, P241, P242, P243, P261, P264, P270, P271, P280, P301+312, P302+352, P303+361+353, P304+312, P304+340, P312, P322, P330, P363, P370+378, P403+235, P501
Flash point −28.3 °C; −19.0 °F; 244.8 K (NTP, 1992)
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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Infobox references

The term "an oxetane" or "oxetanes" refer to any organic compound containing the oxetane ring.

Production

A typical well-known method of preparation is the reaction of potassium hydroxide with 3-chloropropyl acetate at 150 °C:[2]

Yield of oxetane made this way is c. 40%, as the synthesis can lead to a variety of by-products.

Other possible reactions to form oxetane ring is the Paternò–Büchi reaction. The oxetane ring can also be formed through diol cyclization as well as through decarboxylation of a six-membered cyclic carbonate.

Taxol
Paclitaxel with oxetane ring at right.

Paclitaxel (Taxol) is an example of a natural product containing an oxetane ring. Taxol has become a major point of interest among researchers due to its unusual structure and success in the involvement of cancer treatment.[3] The attached oxetane ring is an important feature that is used for the binding of microtubules in structure activity; however little is known about how the reaction is catalyzed in nature, which creates a challenge for scientists trying to synthesize the product.[3]

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See also

References
  1. Nomenclature of Organic Chemistry : IUPAC Recommendations and Preferred Names 2013 (Blue Book). Cambridge: The Royal Society of Chemistry. 2014. p. 147. doi:10.1039/9781849733069-FP001. ISBN 978-0-85404-182-4.
  2. C. R. Noller (1955). "Trimethylene Oxide". Organic Syntheses. 29: 92.; Collective Volume, 3, p. 835
  3. Willenbring, Dan, and Dean J. Tantillo.. "Mechanistic possibilities for oxetane formation in the biosynthesis of Taxol’s D ring." Russian Journal of General Chemistry 78.4 (Apr. 2008): 7237–31. Advanced Placement Source. EBSCO. [Library name], [City], [State abbreviation]. 22 Apr. 2009 <http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aqh&AN=32154883&site=ehost-live>
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