Ox-Head and Horse-Face

Ox-Head (simplified Chinese: 牛头; traditional Chinese: 牛頭; pinyin: niútóu; Wade–Giles: niu2-t'ou2) and Horse-Face (simplified Chinese: 马面; traditional Chinese: 馬面; pinyin: mǎmiàn; Wade–Giles: ma3-mien4) are two guardians or types of guardians of the underworld in Chinese mythology. As indicated by their names, both have the bodies of men, but Ox-Head has the head of an ox while Horse-Face has the face of a horse. They are the first beings a dead soul encounters upon entering the underworld; in many stories they directly escort the newly dead to the underworld.[1]

Ox-Head and Horse-Face in the Hell Scroll at Seattle Asian Art Museum

Role
Entrance to the "Ten Courts of Hell" attraction in Haw Par Villa, Singapore. The Ox-Headed (right) and Horse-Faced (left) Hell Guards stand guard at the entrance.

In their duties as guardians of Diyu, the realm of the dead, their role is to capture human souls reached the end of their earthly existence, to bring them before the courts of Hell. Souls are then awarded based on actions performed in their lifetime.

Ox-Head and Horse-Face also play the role of messengers of the king of hell, Yanluo Wang. Ox head has also been "created" by the latter took pity by the arrival of a newly dead ox, who had worked hard all his life: he made one of his faithful servants.[2]

Chinese mythology

In the Chinese classical novel Journey to the West, Ox-Head and Horse-Face are among the underworld denizens overpowered by Sun Wukong after his soul is dragged to hell in his sleep. He then crosses out his name and those of all non-human primates on earth from the record of living souls, hence granting a second level of immortality to himself and general immortality to his monkey children.

Japanese mythology

In Japanese mythology, Ox-Head and Horse-Face are known as "Gozu" and "Mezu" respectively.

gollark: Npe.
gollark: MultiMC's been around for ages.
gollark: > posessive tense
gollark: <@235768051683950593> Whose evil AI lasers?
gollark: Unless Yemmel is 3d6, of course...

See also

References
  1. Bane, Theresa (2014). Encyclopedia of Demons in World Religions and Cultures. McFarland. p. 416. ISBN 9780786488940.
  2. Leroi-Gourhan, André (2004). Pages oubliées sur le Japon (in French). Editions Jérôme Millon. p. 469. ISBN 9782841371556.
This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.