Orientus ishidae

Orientus ishidae
	Adult of Orientus ishidae
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Arthropoda
Class:	Insecta
Order:	Hemiptera
Suborder:	Auchenorrhyncha
Infraorder:	Cicadomorpha
Superfamily:	Membracoidea
Family:	Cicadellidae
Subfamily:	Deltocephalinae
Genus:	Orientus
Species:	O. ishidae
Binomial name
	Orientus ishidae; (Matsumura, 1902)
Synonyms
	Phlepsius ishidae Matsumura, 1902[1];

Orientus ishidae, common name Japanese leafhopper or Mosaic leafhopper, is a species of leafhoppers belonging to the family Cicadellidae subfamily Deltocephalinae.

Description

Nymph

The adults reach 4.5–6.5 millimetres (0.18–0.26 in) of length. This leafhopper shows a distinctive mosaic-like pattern on the forewings and an orange band between the eyes. Orientus ishidae is associated with willow (Salix species), hornbeam (Carpinus betulus) and with many woody plants and deciduous trees. It may cause serious leaf damages to several tree species and is implicated as a vector of the phytoplasmic flavescence dorée (FD) disease in vineyards.[2][3] Adults can be found from June to October.

The nymphs are strongly coloured, the patterning is variable. They often adopt a tail-up posture in response to danger, as seen on the left.

Distribution

This species is endemic to the East Palearctic ecozone and it is present in the Nearctic ecozone and in the Oriental ecozone. It has been introduced in United Kingdom (first reported in Peckham, 2011[4]), Germany, Italy, Switzerland and in several other European countries.

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References

Matsumura S. (1902). "Monographie der Jassinen Japans" [Monograph of the Jassinae of Japan]. Természetrajzi Füzetek (in German). 25. pp. 353-404 (at p. 382).
Gaffuri F, Sacchi S, Cavagna B (2011). "First detection of the mosaic leafhopper, Orientus ishidae, in northern Italian vineyards infected by the flavescence dorée phytoplasma". New Disease Reports. 24: 22. doi:10.5197/j.2044-0588.2011.024.022.
Koczor S, Bagarus AK, Karap AK, Varga A, Orosz A (2013). "A rapidly spreading potential pest, Orientus ishidae identified in Hungary" (PDF). Bulletin of Insectology. 66 (2): 221–224.
Penny Frith (February 2012). "Hopping in Peckham". the GiGLer. Greenspace Information for Greater London. Retrieved 21 December 2014.

General

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[matsumura-1] Matsumura S. (1902). "Monographie der Jassinen Japans" [Monograph of the Jassinae of Japan]. Természetrajzi Füzetek (in German). 25. pp. 353-404 (at p. 382).

[gaffuri-2] Gaffuri F, Sacchi S, Cavagna B (2011). "First detection of the mosaic leafhopper, Orientus ishidae, in northern Italian vineyards infected by the flavescence dorée phytoplasma". New Disease Reports. 24: 22. doi:10.5197/j.2044-0588.2011.024.022.

[koczor-3] Koczor S, Bagarus AK, Karap AK, Varga A, Orosz A (2013). "A rapidly spreading potential pest, Orientus ishidae identified in Hungary" (PDF). Bulletin of Insectology. 66 (2): 221–224.

[frith-4] Penny Frith (February 2012). "Hopping in Peckham". the GiGLer. Greenspace Information for Greater London. Retrieved 21 December 2014.